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The DND41 is a laboratory instrument developed by the Leibniz Institute DSMZ. It is designed to perform DNA extraction, purification, and quantification. The core function of this equipment is to isolate and concentrate DNA samples from various biological sources, ensuring their quality and purity for further analysis and experimentation.

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15 protocols using dnd41

1

Induction of Apoptosis in T-Cell Leukemia

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The Jurkat T cells were obtained from Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan), DND-41, and P12-ICHIKAWA cells were purchased from DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH. Jurkat T, DND-41, and P12-ICHIKAWA cells were cultured in 90% RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco BRL, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) with 10% FBS at 37 °C in a humidified incubator containing 5% CO2. Acridine orange (AO), doxycycline (Dox), 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and ionomycin (Ion) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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2

Endothelial and Leukemia Cell Supernatants

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Immortalized human endothelial cells (EA.hy926; American Type Culture Collection/ATCC), primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-L; Lonza), erythroleukemia cells from a chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562; ATCC), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells (HNT-34 and MOLM-13; DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures), lymphoblastic cells from biphenotypic B myelomonocytic leukemia (MV-4-11; ATCC), T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells (DND-41; DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures), and acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1; ATCC) were cultured according to the manufacturers' specifications. Endothelial cells were grown to confluence in culture plates and then washed, and fresh serum-free media was added. Cells were incubated at 37°C for 24 h, and cell supernatants were collected. All leukemia cell lines, isolated mononuclear cells, and isolated CD14-positive monocytes were diluted to a concentration of 1 × 106 cells/mL in serum-free RPMI 1640 medium (Thermo Fisher) and added to culture plates. Cells were incubated at 37°C for 3 h and then centrifuged to collect supernatants.
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3

Cell Culture Protocol for Hematological Malignancies

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CCRF-CEM, HH, HUT-78, LOUCY, MJ, MOLT-4, SU-DHL-1 and SUP-T1 cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and cultured with Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 Medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco), except for the MJ cell line, which was cultured with Gibco Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Media (IMDM) medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific) containing 20% fetal bovine serum.
BE-13, DND-41, HD-MAR-2, HPB-ALL, HSB-2, JURKAT, KE-37, L-82, MHH-TALL-2, MOLT-14, MOLT-16, P12-ICHIKAWA, PF-382, RPMI-8402, SR-786 and TALL-1 were purchased from the DSMZ German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures. Except for HSB-2, they were cultured with Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 Medium containing different proportions of fetal bovine serum: 10% for DND-41, HD-MAR-2, HPB-ALL, JURKAT, KE-37, L-82, MOLT-14, MOLT-16, P12-ICHIKAWA, PF-382 and RPMI-8402; 20% for BE-13 and MHH-TALL-2; 15% for SR-786 and TALL-1. HSB-2 was cultured with Gibco Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Media (IMDM) medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
MyLa was purchased from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) and was cultured with Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 Medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
All cells were cultured in CO2 incubators at 37 °C in an atmosphere containing 5% CO2.
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4

In Vitro Leukemia Cell Culture

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The studies were performed in human leukemia cell lines: REH (B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, B-ALL); DND-41 and MOLT-4 (T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, T-ALL); MOLM-14 and MV4-11 (acute myeloid leukemia, AML); and K562 (chronic myeloid leukemia, CML).
Human MOLT-4 and K562 cells were obtained from the European Collection of Cell Cultures (ECACC, Salisbury, UK). The human cell lines: REH, DND-41, MOLM-14, and MV4-11 were obtained from the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany).
All cell lines were cultured in RPMI-1640 GlutaMax medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (100 Units/mL penicillin and 100 µg/mL streptomycin) (all reagents from Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA). The cells were maintained at 37 °C in a humidified 95% air and 5% CO2.
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5

Tet-inducible PTEN Mutant Cell Lines

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Human T-cell leukemia cell lines (ALL-SIL, CCRF-CEM, DND-41, JURKAT, MOLT-4) were purchased from German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany;). The cell lines were negative for mycoplasma contamination and were cultivated in RPMI-1640 medium with GlutaMAX™ supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, penicillin (100 U/mL) and streptomycin (100 μg/mL) under controlled conditions (37 °C, 5% CO2). The cultured cells were split every two to three days and maintained in exponential growth phase. JURKAT stable clones that express the WT or mutant PTEN (G129R) under the control of the tetracycline-inducible system (Tet-on)34 (link) were kindly provided by Dr. Arthur Weiss from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (University of California, San Francisco, USA). PTEN G129R is a tumor-derived mutation that is defective in both the protein and the lipid phosphatase activity34 (link). Clones were maintained in RPMI-1640 medium with GlutaMAX™ supplemented with 10% Tet system-proved fetal calf serum and 2 mg/mL G418 and 300 µg/mL hygromycin B and expression of PTEN was induced by doxycycline (DOX), a tetracycline analog.
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6

Establishment and Characterization of Human Cancer Cell Lines

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Human colon cancer cell line HCT116 and human T-ALL cell lines Molt4, Molt3, Jurkat and KOPT-K1 were obtained from ATCC. HPBALL and DND41 human T-ALL cell lines were obtained from DSMZ (The Leibniz Institute). The CUTLL1 NOTCH1-dependent T-cell lymphoblastic cell line has been previously described (ref. 24 (link)). SHMT1 and SHMT2 were knocked out in HCT116 lines using CRISPR/Cas9 nickase method as previously described (ref. 4 (link),18 (link)). Adherent cell lines were subcultured in 5% CO2 at 37 °C using DMEM (CellGro 10–017; Mediatech) supplemented with 10% FBS (F2442; Sigma-Aldrich); suspension cell lines were subcultured in 5% CO2 at 37 °C in RPMI-1640 (11875; Gibco) with 10% FBS, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin. For all experiments, media supplemented with 10% dialyzed FBS was used (F0392; Sigma-Aldrich). Cell lines were regularly tested for mycoplasma. Antibodies were used according to their manufacturers’ directions. Anti-SHMT1 (12612) and SHMT2 (12762) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technologies (1:1,000 dilution). Anti-β-ACTIN (A3854) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (1:50,000 dilution). Secondary antibody coupled to horseradish peroxidase (NA934) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Signal was detected using enhanced chemiluminescence (34578, Thermo Scientific).
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7

Comprehensive Cell Line Culturing Protocol

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All cell lines were cultured in a humidified incubator at 37°C with 5% CO2. The following cell lines were obtained from ATCC: HEK 293 T, WI-38, WI-38 VA 13, Daudi, EB1, HS604T, HS616T, HuT 102, MC116, Namalwa, H1963, H196, H209, H526, H524, H82, H69, Raji, SW1271, and TO175T. DEL, L428, SU-DHL-10, WSU-DLCL2, Jurkat, DND41 and SR768 were purchased from DSMZ. A4/Fuk was obtained from JCRB Cell Line Bank. OCI-Ly3 was a kind gift from Dr. Mark Minden (University Health Network Toronto). The human lung fibroblast cell lines WI-38 and WI-38 VA13 were routinely cultured in EMEM supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS). SCLC cell lines H1963, H196, SW1271, H209, H526, H524, H82 and H69 were maintained in RPMI 1640 with 10% FBS. The lymphoma cell lines EB1, Daudi, Raji, A4/Fukuda, Jurkat, DND41, WSU-DLCL2, DEL, HUT102, Namalwa and L428 were cultured in RPMI 1640 with 10% FBS. MC116 and SU-DHL-10 cells were maintained in RPMI 1640 with 20% FBS. OCI-Ly3 cells were cultured in IMDM with 20% FBS. The SR786 cell line was cultured in RPMI 1640 with 15% FBS. HS604T cells were maintained in DMEM with 10%FBS and 2 mM Glutamine. HS616T and TO175T cell lines were cultured in DMEM with 10% FBS. HEK 293 T cells were maintained in DMEM with 10% FBS. All cell lines were maintained with a cocktail of penicillin and streptomycin (Gibco).
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8

Culturing Pediatric Leukemia Cell Lines

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B-ALL cell lines 380 (ACC 39), 697 (ACC 42) and T-ALL cell lines DND-41 (ACC 525), PEER (ACC 6) were purchased from DSMZ (Braunschweig, Germany). HeLa cells (American Type Culture Collection; cat. no. CCL-2) and ALL cell lines were cultured in RPMI-1640 media supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 2 mM L-Glutamine (Gibco, Grand Island, NY) and maintained at 37 °C in 5% CO2. All selected cell lines met our set criteria of having pediatric origins, similar to the patient samples we studies (See Supplementary Methods).
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9

Establishment and Characterization of Human Cancer Cell Lines

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Human colon cancer cell line HCT116 and human T-ALL cell lines Molt4, Molt3, Jurkat and KOPT-K1 were obtained from ATCC. HPBALL and DND41 human T-ALL cell lines were obtained from DSMZ (The Leibniz Institute). The CUTLL1 NOTCH1-dependent T-cell lymphoblastic cell line has been previously described (ref. 24 (link)). SHMT1 and SHMT2 were knocked out in HCT116 lines using CRISPR/Cas9 nickase method as previously described (ref. 4 (link),18 (link)). Adherent cell lines were subcultured in 5% CO2 at 37 °C using DMEM (CellGro 10–017; Mediatech) supplemented with 10% FBS (F2442; Sigma-Aldrich); suspension cell lines were subcultured in 5% CO2 at 37 °C in RPMI-1640 (11875; Gibco) with 10% FBS, 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin. For all experiments, media supplemented with 10% dialyzed FBS was used (F0392; Sigma-Aldrich). Cell lines were regularly tested for mycoplasma. Antibodies were used according to their manufacturers’ directions. Anti-SHMT1 (12612) and SHMT2 (12762) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technologies (1:1,000 dilution). Anti-β-ACTIN (A3854) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (1:50,000 dilution). Secondary antibody coupled to horseradish peroxidase (NA934) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Signal was detected using enhanced chemiluminescence (34578, Thermo Scientific).
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10

Cell Line Culture and Validation

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The human cell lines SUDHL-1, Karpas-299, HPB-ALL, DND41 and Jurkat were purchased from the DSMZ and were cultured in RPMI1640 supplemented with 10% FCS. The COST and PIO ALCL cell lines were developed in the Lamant laboratory and were grown in ISCOVE medium (Invitrogen, Cergy Pontoise, France) supplemented with 10% FCS. All the cell lines were subject to quarterly mycoplasma testing and are not on the ICLAC and NCBI Biosample misidentified cell list.
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