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84 protocols using avance drx 500

1

Backbone Assignment and Ligand Binding of Swi6 CSD

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For backbone assignment of the Swi6 CSD, protein was expressed in M9 minimal media containing 15N-ammonium chloride and 13C-glucose as the sole nitrogen and carbon source, respectively. Proteins were purified as previously described (above) with exchange into a final buffer containing 20 mM Hepes pH 7.8, 150 mM KCl, and 2 mM DTT. Backbone assignments were obtained from nitrogen HSQC and triple-resonance (HNCA, CBCA(CO)NH) experiments recorded at 303K on either a Bruker Avance DRX500 or Bruker Avance 800 MHz spectrometer equipped with cryogenic probes. For binding experiments, unlabeled peptides were added to either 100 μM 15N-labeled Swi6 CSD or Chp2 His-tagged CSD and nitrogen HSQC spectra were recorded at 303K on a Bruker Avance DRX500 spectrometer. Chemical shift perturbations were calculated from the equation:
0.5((δHboundδHfree)2+(0.2(δNboundδNfree))2) where the factor of 0.2 is used as a scaling factor for the nitrogen spectral width. Titration data were only fitted to obtain Kd values if the chemical shift perturbation between apo and final peptide concentration for a residue was greater than the mean plus one standard deviation.
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2

NMR Spectroscopy Characterization Protocol

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NMR spectra were measured on a Bruker DRX 500 Avance (1H, 500.13 MHz and 13C, 125.77 MHz) spectrometer at 298 K with tetramethylsilane (TMS) as the internal standard. Standard Bruker automated acquisition programs were used for all experiments. All one-dimensional spectra were composed by 64 K data points. The spectral width for 1H was set at 6024 Hz and for 13C at 18519 Hz with acquisition times of 5.439 and 1.769 sec, respectively. The resolution of the spectra was 0.565 Hz per point for 13C and 0.184 Hz per point for 1H. The numbers of scans for 1H and 13C were 16 and 1024, respectively. The following abbreviations were used to explain the multiplicities in Fig. 2: s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, q = quartet, m = multiplet. Chemical shifts were assigned relative to TMS. Coupling constants (J) are reported in Hertz (Hz). The spectra and assignments were obtained with neat sample dissolved in different solutions (CDCl3/DMSO-d6/D2O) with different concentrations.
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3

Spectroscopic Analysis of Gamma-Irradiated Hydroxyapatite

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The 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the γ-ray treated and untreated HA were recorded at 27 °C on a 500 MHz NMR spectrometer (DRX500 Avance, Bruker BioSpin GmbH, Rheinstetten, Germany). D2O (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was used as the solvent in all the NMR experiments. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of the samples were detected using an infrared spectrophotometer (Spectrum one, Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA). Before tests, the γ-ray treated and untreated HA powders were mixed with KBr (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MI, USA) and compressed into disks. The wavelength range was set at 650–4000 cm−1. Transmission mode spectra were obtained from 24 scans. To detect the UV-Vis absorption spectra of the γ-irradiated HA, samples were diluted in distilled water to a concentration of 0.2% (mg/mL). UV-Vis spectra were measured using a CT-2400 Spectrophotometer (Great Tide Instrument Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan) at a wavelength range of 200 nm to 500 nm. During detection, distilled water was used as a reference.
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4

Synthesis and Characterization of Catalysts

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All of the chemical materials used in this work were purchased from Merck and Fluka and used without further purification. Melting points were determined on an Electrothermal 9100 apparatus. IR spectra were obtained on an ABB FT-IR (FTLA 2000) spectrometer. 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker DRX-500 AVANCE at 500 and 125 MHz respectively, using TMS as internal standard and DMSO (D6) as solvent. Elemental analyses were carried out on Foss-Heraeus CHN–O-rapid analyzer instruments. The microscopic morphology of the catalyst was revealed using scanning electron microscope (SEM, Philips, XL-30) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDX). The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image of the catalyst was obtained on a Philips EM208 transmission electron microscope under acceleration. Powder X-ray diffraction data were determined on a Rigaku D-max C III, X-ray Diffractometer using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.54 Å). Ultrasonication was performed using on a multiwave ultrasonic generator (Sonicator 3200; Bandelin, MS 73), equipped with a converter/transducer and titanium oscillator (horn), 12.5 mm in diameter, with an operation frequency of 20 KHz with a maximum power output of 200 W.
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5

Synthesis of Pyrazole Derivatives

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All chemicals were purchased from Merck (Germany) and were used without further purification. Melting points were measured on an Electrothermal 9100 apparatus. Elemental analyses for C, H and N were performed using a Heraeus CHN-O-Rapid analyzer. Mass spectra were recorded on an Agilent Technologies (HP) 5973 mass spectrometer operating at an ionization potential of 20 eV. IR spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu IR-460 spectrometer. 1H and 13C NMR spectra were measured (in chloroform (CDCl3) and dime-thyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d6) solutions) with Bruker DRX-500 AVANCE (at 500.1 and 125.8 MHz) instruments. α-azidochalcones 1 as well as 3-amino-N-aryl-5-(phenylamino)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamides 2a–c and ethyl 3-amino-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate 2d were obtained from synthetic methods reported in the literature81 (link)–83 (link).
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6

Synthesis and Characterization of Compounds

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Two melting points were measured on an Electrothermal 9100 apparatus. IR spectra were recorded as KBr pellets on a Nicolet FTIR 100 spectrophotometer. 1H NMR (500 MHz, 300 MHz) and 13C NMR (75 MHz) spectra were obtained using Bruker DRX-500 Avance and Bruker DRX-300 Avance spectrometers. All NMR spectra were recorded at r.t. in DMSO-d6 and CDCl3. Chemical shifts are reported in parts per million (δ) downfield from an internal TMS reference. Coupling constants (J values) are reported in hertz (Hz), and standard abbreviations were used to indicate spin multiplicities. Elemental analyses for C, H, and N were performed using a Heraeus CHN-O-Rapid analyzer. Mass spectra were recorded on a Finnigan-MATT 8430 mass spectrometer operating at an ionization potential of 70 eV. All chemicals and solvents were purchased from Merck or Aldrich and were used without further purification. Starting materials were synthesized according to the procedures reported in the literature.15–20 (link) Single crystals of compounds 3d were formed in CH2Cl2.
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7

Quantification of Primary Amine Groups in Dextran-Spermine

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H-NMR analysis and TNBS method were used to determine the formation of the primary amine groups. For TNBS method, dextran-spermine was dissolved in 0.1 M sodium bicarbonate solution (pH 8.5) to obtain solutions ranging 20–200 µg/mL. A standard calibration curve for l-lysine was plotted. 1% TNBS was added to 0.1 M sodium bicarbonate solution and 500 µg of the resulting solutions was added to 1 mL of each sample. The samples were incubated for 2 h at 37 °C. Finally, 500 µg sodium dodecyl sulfate (10% w/v) and 250 µL HCl (1 N) were added to each sample to stop the reaction. The absorbance of the samples was recorded at 345 nm using a spectrophotometer (UV–Vis-CARY50). The primary amine content was calculated according to the calibration curve. H-NMR spectra were recorded on a BRUKER DRX500 AVANCE (500 MHz) instrument using DDW as solvent. Values were recorded as ppm relative to internal standard (TMS).
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8

Synthesis and Polymerization of Benzofulvenes

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The details of the preparation of benzofulvene derivatives and their spontaneous polymerization are described in (ESI). NMR spectra were recorded with either a Bruker DRX-400 AVANCE or Bruker DRX-500 AVANCE spectrometer in the indicated solvents (TMS as internal standard): the values of the chemical shifts are expressed in ppm and the coupling constants (J) in Hz. An Agilent 1100 LC/MSD operating with an electrospray source was used in mass spectrometry experiments.
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9

NMR Spectra Analysis Protocol

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All reagents and solvents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and were used as received, with the exceptions noted. Merck TLC aluminum sheets, silica gel 60 F254 were used for TLC. NMR spectra were recorded with either a Bruker DRX-400 Avance, a Bruker DRX-500 AVANCE, a Bruker AMX-600 Avance, or a Bruker Avance 900 spectrometer, working at 900.13 MHz frequency and equipped with a cryogenically cooled probe in the indicated solvents (TMS as internal standard).
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10

Characterization of Synthesized Compounds

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All chemicals used were of reagent grade. Yields refer to purified products and are not optimized. Melting points were determined in open capillaries on a Gallenkamp apparatus and are uncorrected. Merck silica gel 60 (230–400 mesh) was used for column chromatography. Merck TLC plates, silica gel 60 F254 were used for TLC. NMR spectra were recorded by means of either a DRX 400 AVANCE or a Bruker DRX 500 AVANCE spectrometer in the indicated solvents (TMS as internal standard); the values of the chemical shifts (δ) are expressed in ppm and the coupling constants (J) in Hz. Mass spectra were recorded on an Agilent 1100 LC/MSD.
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