Dsc 8000

All quench-recovered ices were analyzed calorimetrically using a Perkin Elmer DSC 8000 at ambient pressure. The samples were encapsulated in aluminium crucibles under liquid nitrogen and transferred to the precooled oven of the calorimeter. Every batch was characterized by heating at 10 K min⁻¹ from 93 to 253 K, which leads to the transformation of both, ice XIX (over the sequence ice VI^‡ → XV → VI) and ice VI, to ice I_h. The resulting ice I_h was cooled to 93 K and heated in a second scan to 313 K. The second scan was used to correct the background of the first heating run. The enthalpies of fusion of H₂O ⁴⁸ and D₂O⁴⁹ , 6012 and 6280 J mol⁻¹, were used to determine the mass of ice inside the crucible. The baseline was interpolated between the straight sections before the first and after the second endotherm to evaluate peak areas, onset and offset points. In selected experiments, ice XIX (D₂O:H₂O = 95:5) samples were heated from 93 to 120 K at 10 K min⁻¹ and annealed at this temperature for 30 min to allow ice VI^‡ to transform to ice XV. Afterwards, the samples were heated to 253 K to record the second endotherm pertaining to the ice XV to ice VI transition.

The thermal stability of the corneas was assessed using the DSC 8000 (Perkin Elmer, Waltham MA, USA). Samples right after treatment (n = 3 in each group) were obtained using a 6 mm biopsy punch and placed in 30 μL aluminum pans and crimp-sealed. An empty pan was used as reference in all samples. DSC was performed over a temperature range of 10 °C to 95 °C, at a rate of 5 °C per minute under a 20 mL/min nitrogen flow. Denaturation temperatures were detected and analyzed with the Pyris software (Perkin Elmer) version 10.1.

The glass transition temperature (T_g) of the pure epoxy and epoxy nanocomposites was measured using the Perkin Elmer DSC 8000 (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA) instrument. The measurements were performed in a dry atmosphere, a temperature range of 50 °C to 250 °C, and a heating rate of 10 °C/min under a nitrogen atmosphere. The nitrogen flow rate was kept constant at 50 mL/min.

DSC, TGA, and PXRD analyses were carried out for the evaluation of the pure TMZ and equilibrated TMZ samples acquired from the bottom phase of the solubility sample in water [17 (link),18 (link)]. DSC and TGA characterization of TMZ and its equilibrated sample from water were evaluated using the “DSC 8000 (Perkin Elmer, Shelton, CT, USA)” and “Pyris 1 TGA analyser (Perkin Elmer, Shelton, CT, USA)” respectively, in the temperature range from 323.2 K to 573.2 K. PXRD analysis was performed using the “Ultima IV Diffractometer (Rigaku Inc. Tokyo, Japan)”, and both TMZ and its equilibrated sample were analyzed from the 3° to 80° 2-theta range.