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116 protocols using sodium hydroxide (naoh)

1

Poplar Wood Modification with Dopamine

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Defect-free and straight-grained sapwood portions of fast-growing poplar wood (Populus tomentosa Carr.) were manufactured into blocks with a dimension of 3 × 20 × 20 mm3 (radial × tangential × longitudinal). Dopamine hydrochloride (99% purity), tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (Tris, 99% purity), and octadecylamine (99% purity) were purchased from Tianjin Heowns Biochem Co., Ltd (Tianjin, China). Cupric chloride dehydrate (CuCl2·2H2O, 99.99% purity) and borane dimethylamine complex (DMAB, 96% purity) were purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA, 99.5% purity), boric acid (H3BO3, 99.5% purity), sodium hydroxide, anhydrous ethanol, toluene, acetone, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, n-hexane, and N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) were purchased from Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China).
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2

Synthesis of Transition Metal Sulfates

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Zinc sulfate (ZnSO4·H2O, 99.9%), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4, 99.9%), and manganese sulfate (MnSO4·H2O, 99.9%) were purchased from Aladdin (China). Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3·9H2O) was obtained from Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd (China). Zn foil (99.98%) and titanium foil (99.8%) were provided by Alfar Aesar Chemicals (China). Manganese chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl2·4H2O, 99%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) were supplied by Beijing Chemical Factory (China). All the chemicals were used as received.
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3

Analytical Reagent Preparation and Characterization

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CR (analytical reagent) used in this study was purchased from Tianjin Fu Chen Chemical Reagent Factory, China. Hydrochloric acid (HCl, 35.0–37.0%), potassium hydroxide (KOH, 98.0%) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 98.0%) were purchased from Beijing Chemical works, China. Activated carbon (AC) used in this study was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China).
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4

Preparation of Amyloid-beta Peptide

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1–42 peptide was synthesized by Science Peptide Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Graphite powder (size less than 30 µm) and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Concentrated sulfuric acid, sodium nitrate, potassium permanganate, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate were purchased from Beijing Chemical Plant. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide) was bought from Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Deionized water used in all experiments was obtained from Milli-Q Integral 3 (Merck Millipore, France).
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5

Fluoride Adsorption Optimization Protocol

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The chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade and did not require further purification. Nitric acid (HNO3), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium fluoride (NaF), sodium nitrate (NaNO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4·12H2O), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) were purchased from Beijing Chemical Factory. Zirconium oxychloride octahydrate (ZrOCl2·8H2O) was purchased from Tianjin Guangfu Fine Chemical Research Institute. The fluoride concentrations and pH values of the aqueous solutions were measured using a PF-1-C type fluoride ion selective electrode and a pH meter, respectively, which were purchased from Shanghai Yue-Ci Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. The morphologies and elemental compositions of the adsorbents were observed using a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer (ZEISS), and the composition of the functional group of the adsorbent was observed using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (IRTracer-100). The fluoride stock solution was prepared by dissolving 2.21 g of NaF in 1000 mL deionized water. In addition, other solutions of fluoride ions with different concentrations were prepared by diluting the stock solution.
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6

Synthesis of Metal Sulfide Nanocrystals

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Copper chloride (CuCl2·2H2O, 99.0%), zinc acetate (Zn(OAc)2·2H2O, 99.0%), cadmium acetate (Cd(OAc)2·2H2O, 99.0%), thiourea (CH4N2S, 99.0%), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA, HSCH2CH2COOH, 98%) were purchased from Aladdin. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 96%), isopropyl alcohol (C3H8O, 99.7%) and sodium sulfide (Na2S·9H2O, 99.9%) were purchased from Beijing Chemical works. All chemicals were used as received without any further purification.
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7

Synthesis and Functionalization of Silver Nanoparticles

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Silver nitrate (AgNO3, ≥99%) was purchased from Fluka. Ethylenediamine (≥98%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, ≥98%), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA, 98%), sulfo-N-hydroxysulfosuccunimide (sulfo-NHS, ≥98.5%), and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC, ≥99%) were purchased from Aldrich. Trisodium citrate (≥99%) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH, ≥98%) were purchased from Beijing Chemical Works. HBsAg, Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), HBsAb1, HBsAb2 and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from H & R Bioscience Co., Ltd. Deionized water was purified by a Milli-Q system and the resistivity was 18.2 MΩ·cm.
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8

Ginger Essential Oil Purification Protocol

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Ginger essential oil (≥99%) was obtained from Kangmin Materia Medica Refinery in Jiangxi Province. Gelatin, gum Arabic, glacial acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, and glycerin (all analytically pure) were purchased from Beijing Chemical Plant. Glutamine transaminase (food grade) was bought from Nanning Pangbo Biological Engineering Co., Ltd. Nanning, China.
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9

Goji Berry Wine Production Protocol

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Fully ripe goji berries (Lycium barbarum L.) were harvested in the Ningxia growing region (Yinchuan City, 106.27°E, 28.47°N) by Senmiao Corporation (Yinchuan, China) in the middle of July of 2015. The fresh goji berries were processed by Senmiao Corporation into dry goji berries through a hot-air drying process as well. Both fresh and the dry goji berries were used for the goji berry wine-making. A commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain Red Fruit®, pectinase, and potassium metabisulfite were purchased from Enartis (San Martino, Trecate, Italy). Glycosidase AR 2000 was a product from DSM Food Specialties (Delft, The Netherlands). Deionized water was purified by a Milli-Q purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Sodium hydroxide, diammonium phosphate, sodium chloride, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, tartaric acid, ethanol, and sucrose were purchased from Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China). The standards of volatiles were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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10

Lignin-Based Biocomposite Synthesis

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SPI (>95% protein content) was provided by Hebei Baiwei Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Hebei, China). The enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) was supplied by Jinzhou Lingyu Chemical Co., Ltd. (Liaoning, China). ESO and sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 98%) was provided by Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., Ltd. (Liaoning, China). Iron(ii) chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2·4H2O) was provided by Beijing Kangpu Huiwei Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Hydrogen peroxide (30.0%) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were provided by Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China). Ammonia solution (25% aq.) was obtained from Tianjin Huadong Reagent Factory (Tianjin, China). Anhydrous methanol (CH3OH) was provided by Beijing Huateng Chemical Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Poplar wood veneer (300 mm × 300 mm × 1.7 mm, 10–12% of moisture content) was provided by Wen'an (Hebei, China).
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