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19 protocols using hek293 cells

1

HEK293 cell culture conditions

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Human embryonic Kidney 293 cells (HEK293 cells) was obtained from the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures. Cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 2 mM glutamine and 10% (vol/vol) FBS at 37 °C with 5% CO2.
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2

Generation of Dual-Transduced HEK293 Receiver Cells

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To generate receiver cells, HEK293 cells which express the puromycin-resistant mediating PAC transgene for later selection in the experimental setup were used. In a first step, the tTA or Gal4 binding motif 5′ of the CMVmin promoter (Response Element; RE) was transduced into HEK293 cells (German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH (DSMZ), Braunschweig, Germany). Cells were seeded with a density of 25,000 cells/cm2 in a 6-well culture dish (TPP, Switzerland), and 2 mL of viral supernatant containing 10 µM protamine sulfate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) was added to the cells. The medium was changed after 24 h and cultured for another 72 h. These HEK293 cells were passaged and reseeded with a density of 25,000 cells/cm2 and transduced a second time with either the LaG17_synNotch_TetRVP64 (tTA RE), the antiCD19_synNotch_Gal4VP64, antiHer24D5-3_synNotch_Gal4VP64, or antiHer24D5-5_synNotch_Gal4VP64 (all Gal4 RE) viral supernatant (2 mL) containing 10 µM protamine sulfate. This double transduced, heterogeneous cell population was cultured for an additional 72 h and was then activated with their corresponding antigen (see below) and sorted by flow cytometry (see below). Of note, the maintenance culture was frequently analyzed for unspecific or spontaneously dsRed-Express expression.
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3

Culturing HEK293 and MEF iRhom1/2 KO Cells

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Culturing of HEK293 cells and MEFs, double deficient for iRhom1 and iRhom2 (MEF_dKO): in a humidified incubator at 37 °C, 5% CO2 in DMEM10%, which consists of DMEM high-glucose (Sigma-Aldrich) supplemented with 10% foetal calf serum (PanBiotech), 100 mg/l streptomycin (Sigma-Aldrich) and 60 mg/l penicillin (Sigma-Aldrich). Generating of stable cells was performed as described before [28 (link)]. MEFs were obtained from indicated mouse lines as described before [19 (link)]. BMDMs were freshly isolated from femur and tibiae of respective mouse lines as described previously [42 (link)]. HEK293 cells were purchased from German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (GmbH DSMZ- No. ACC 305).
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4

Immunoprecipitation and Western Blot Analysis of Histone Methylation

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HEK293 cells were obtained from German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH (https://www.dsmz.de/). They were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (Sigma) supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum, penicillin/streptomycin, and L-glutamine (Sigma) in an incubator providing 37 °C and 5% CO 2 . The pECFP-C1 tagged full-length NSD2 was co-transfected with pEYFP-C1 fused ATRX or FANCM using polyethylenimine (Polyscience, USA; according to manufacturer´s instructions). 72 h after transfection, the cells were washed with PBS buffer and harvested by centrifugation at 500 g for 5 min. For methylation analysis, the YFP-fused ATRX and FANCM substrate proteins were immunoprecipitated from cell extract using GFP-Trap® A (Chromotek) following the manufacturer´s instructions. The samples were heated to 95 °C for 5 min in SDS-gel loading buffer and resolved by 16% SDS-PAGE. Analysis was performed by Western Blot using as primary antibody H3K36me1 (Abcam, UK; Cat. No: ab9048) or GFP antibody (Clontech, lot. 1404005).
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5

TRPM2 Channel Expression in HEK-293 Cells

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Human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells were purchased from the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures. Cell culture was carried out in DMEM media (Biochrome, Berlin, Germany) supplemented with 4 mM L-glutamine, 2 mM sodium pyruvate, and 10% (v/v) foetal calf serum (Biochrome). Wild-type or mutant TRPM2 channels were heterologously expressed in HEK-293 cells after transient transfection of the corresponding cDNA using the FuGene 6 transfection reagent (Promega, Walldorf, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The transfected cells were incubated for 24 h at 37 °C and 5% CO2. Afterwards, the cells were harvested for biotinylation assay and Western blot analysis. Alternatively, the cells were seeded on cell culture dishes at a suitable dilution and further incubated for 3–4 h. Then, patch-clamp experiments were performed with cells visibly positive for EGFP-expression.
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6

Cell Culture of Ciliopathy Cell Lines

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We used two different cell lines in this study. NIH3T3 cells (#ACC59) and HEK293 cells (#ACC35) were both purchased by the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH (DSMZ). Cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS), 1/100 (vol/vol) L-glutamine (Life Technologies), 1/100 (vol/vol) sodium pyruvate (Life Technologies), 1/100 (vol/vol) nonessential amino acids (Life Technologies), and 1/100 (vol/vol) pen/strep (Life Technologies) at 37°C and 5% CO2. The following clones were used: Rpgrip1l–/– NIH3T3 cells (clone 10-61), Cep290–/– NIH3T3 cells (clones 39-10, 39-51, 39-53) (Wiegering et al., 2018a ), Nphp1–/– NIH3T3 cells (clone 21-21) (Wiegering et al., 2018a ), Invs–/– NIH3T3 cells (clones 48-7, 48-20) (Wiegering et al., 2018a ), and RPGRIP1L–/– HEK293 cells (clone 1-7) (Wiegering et al., 2018a ).
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7

Heterologous Expression of TRPM2 Channels in HEK-293 Cells

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Human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells were purchased from the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (Braunschweig, Germany). Cell culture was carried out in DMEM media (Biochrome, Berlin, Germany) supplemented with 4 mM L-glutamine, 2 mM sodium pyruvate and 10% (v/v) foetal calf serum (Biochrome). Wild-type or mutant TRPM2 channels were heterologously expressed in HEK-293 cells after transient transfection of the corresponding cDNA using the FuGene 6 transfection reagent (Roche, Mannheim, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The transfected cells were incubated for 24 h at 37 °C and 5% CO2. Afterwards, the cells were harvested for biotinylation assay and Western blot analysis. Alternatively, the cells were seeded on poly-lysine-coated glass coverslips at a suitable dilution and further incubated for 3–4 h. Then, patch-clamp experiments were performed with cells visibly positive for EGFP-expression. At least three independent transfections were used for each experimental group.
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8

Isolation and Culture of Primary Podocytes

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Primary podocytes were isolated from 10 days old pups of the different genotypes essentially as described (Rastaldi et al., 2006 (link)) and grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) F12 supplemented with 10% FBS, 5 μg/ml transferrin,10−7 M hydrocortisone, 5 ng/ml sodium selenite, 0.12 U/ml insulin, 5 μg/ml normocin (Invivogen, San Diego, CA), 100 μg/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin and 2mM L-glutamine (Sigma–Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany). HEK293 cells (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany) and murine embryonic fibroblasts (Vogt et al., 2003 (link)) were grown in DMEM and 10% FBS. The growth medium of HEK293 cells stably expressing TRPC6-HA was supplemented with 800 μg/ml G418 (Invivogen).
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9

Culturing HEK293 Cells for Experimentation

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Human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany) were maintained at 37 °C, 5% CO2 in DMEM (Biochrom, Berlin, Germany) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Biochrom, Berlin, Germany) without antibiotics. They were passaged 1:6–1:12 every second to third day, not exceeding 80% confluence.
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10

Transient Transfection of HEK-293 Cells

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HEK-293 cells (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany, 2016/06/08) were cultivated at 37 °C in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (FG 0445) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 100 units mL−1 of penicillin and streptomycin (all Biochrom, Berlin, Germany). Polyethylenimine (PEI, linear, MW 25000, Polysciences, Inc., Hirschberg an der Bergstrasse, Germany) was used to transiently transfect the cells with the Strep-bTRPV3-pIRES2-AcGFP1 vector or with the empty pIRES2-AcGFP1 vector as control (http://www.cytographica.com/lab/PEItransfect.html). Experiments were performed 48 h after transfection.
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