Bicinchoninic acid bca reagent

RPMI 1640 medium, fetal bovine serum (FBS), and trypsin-EDTA were purchased from Gibco, USA. Minimum Eagle’s medium (MEM) was obtained from HyClone, USA. Antibiotic/antimycotic solution, kanamycin, puromycin, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were obtained from SolarBio, China. DSF was purchased from Selleck, China, whereas CuCl₂ was obtained from J&K, China. Phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer, and bicinchoninic acid (BCA) reagent were obtained from Beyotime, China. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) reagent was purchased from Dojindo, Japan, whereas AnnexinV-FITC (AV-FITC), propidium iodide (PI) and PI kit were purchased from Roche, Germany. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) was obtained from Biosharp, China. Lipofectamine 2000 (Lip2000) was purchased from Invitrogen, USA, whereas ROS assay kit was obtained from NJJCBIO, China. Seahorse XF Glycolysis Stress Test and XF Cell Mito Stress Test kits were purchased from Agilent, USA. DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System was obtained from Promega, USA, whereas antifade mounting medium with DAPI was purchased from SolarBio, China.

GYY4137 (GYY) was obtained from Medchemexpress (HY-107632; Shanghai, China) and dissolved in saline or complete culture medium to the desired concentration 30 min before use. LPS was obtained from Macklin (Shanghai, China). Detection kits for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), and endogenous H₂S levels were purchased from Jiancheng BioEngineering (Nanjing, China). Detection kits for ROS, malonaldehyde (MDA), GSH, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were obtained from Solarbio (Beijing, China). The detection kit for Fe²⁺ levels was obtained from Dojindo Molecular Technologies (Shanghai, China). Bicinchoninic acid (BCA) reagent was purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and Mito-TEMPO detection kits (HY-100579 and HY-112879, respectively) were obtained from Medchemexpress (Shanghai, China).