A solution of five parabens [methylparaben (MP), ethylparaben (EP), propylparaben (PP), butylparaben (BuP) and benzylparaben (BeP)] was used as a model effluent. The pollutant solutions were prepared with Milli-Q (MQ) water using 10 mg/L of each compound. A commercial form of TiO2 (P25, crystalline composition of 80% anatase and 20% rutile, with a surface area of 50 m2/g) was obtained from Evonik (Germany). 2-Propanol (for analysis) was purchased at Merck (Germany). All solvents [HPLC water (VWR), acetonitrile and formic acid (both from Merck)] were analytical grade (≥ 99%). Experimental solutions were prepared using ultrapure water.
Hplc water
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, India, Germany
HPLC water is a high-purity water used as a mobile phase in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) systems. It is designed to meet the stringent requirements of HPLC applications, providing a consistent and reliable solvent for chromatographic separations.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Formic acid, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Chloroform, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Avantor (3 mentions)
Thermo ultimate 3000, by AB Sciex (2 mentions)
Hplc grade acetone, by Lach-Ner (2 mentions)
Hplc formic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tripletof 5600 mass spectrometer, by AB Sciex (2 mentions)
Hplc grade acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sequencing grade trypsin, by Promega (2 mentions)
Tris 2 carboxyethyl phosphine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Rapigest, by Waters Corporation (2 mentions)
Iodoacetamide, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Urea, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
30 protocols using hplc water
1
Photocatalytic Degradation of Parabens
2
Purity Analysis of DRV Drug
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DRV (> 99% purity) was a gift sample from Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Hyderabad, India. HPLC grade acetonitrile (Merck, Mumbai, India) and HPLC water (Milli-Q Water Purification System, France) were used. Analytical reagent grade of ammonium formate, formic acid, and hydrogen peroxide were procured from S.D. Fine Chemicals (Mumbai, India).
3
Antioxidant Activity Evaluation
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Ethanol, acetonitrile, mEthanol, HPLC water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), hydrochloric acid, acetic acids, formic acid, sodium phosphate, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfate, catechin, gallic acid, trypticase soy broth (TSB), 4-(Dimethylamino)-cinnamaldehyde solution (DMAC), and Folin–Ciocalteu reagent were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Crystal violet, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ), 2,2′-Azo-bis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), and fluorescein were provided by Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA).
4
Quantification of CuET in HPLC-ESI-QTOF
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The HR-MRM analysis was performed on HPLC-ESI-QTOF system consisting of HPLC chromatograph Thermo UltiMate 3000 with AB Sciex TripleTOF 5600+ mass spectrometer, using the DuoSpray ESI source operated at ion source voltage 5500 V, ion source gas flow rates 40 units, curtain gas flow rate 30 units, declustering potential 100 V and temperature 400°C. Data were acquired in Product ion mode with two parent masses 358.9 and 360.9 for analysis of CuET. Chromatographic separation was done by PTFE column especially designed for analysis of strong metal chelators filled by C18 sorbent (IntellMed, cat.no.IM_301). Analysis was performed at room temperature and flow rate 1500 μL/min with isocratic chromatography. Mobile phase consisted of HPLC grade acetone (Lachner) 99.9%, HPLC water (Merck Millipore) 0.1% and 0.03% HPLC formic acid (Sigma). Acquired mass spectra were evaluated in software PeakView 1.2, where extracted ion chromatograms of transitions 88.0 and 116.0 (common for both parent masses) with 0.1 mass tolerance was Gaussian smoothened with width of 2 points. Peak area was then recorded and recalculated to ng/ml according to calibration curve.
5
Peptide Synthesis Using Standard Reagents
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The solvents used for peptide synthesis were mostly of HPLC grade and dry in nature. The Fmoc protected amino acids, rink amide 4-methylbenzhydrylamine (MBHA) resin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HoBt), O-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU), diethyl ether, HPLC water were obtained from Merck (India and Germany) and GL Biochem (Shanghai, China). N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dichloromethane (DCM), dioxane, piperidine, acetonitrile (ACN), acetic anhydride, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and methanol were from SD Fine chemicals (India). Trifluoroethanol (TFE), hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) and diisopropyl ethylamine (DIEA) were from HiMedia (India).
6
ATV Characterization via Analytical Techniques
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The investigated sample of ATV was gifted from APL Research Centre Laboratories (a division of Aurobindo Pharma Ltd., Hyderabad.). Analytical reagent (AR grade) mesityl oxide, diacetone alcohol, o-xylene, methylene chloride, decane, ethanol, acetone, isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol), methyl tert-butyl ether, benzene, n-heptane, methyl isobutyl ketone (4-methyl-2-pentanone), toluene, and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone were procured from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). ACS grade formic acid was procured from Merck & HPLC water was procured from Merck, Mumbai, India.
7
Quantification of CuET in HPLC-ESI-QTOF
8
Bioanalytical Method for DEU and TMP
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DEU and TMP (Internal Standard) were obtained as a gift sample from Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories (Telangana, India). Methanol (HPLC grade), ammonium formate (AR grade), methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) (AR grade), and HPLC water were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Human (K2 EDTA as an anticoagulant) plasma was obtained from the Om blood bank (Pune, Maharashtra, India). The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Aavishkar Ethics Committee (Tiswadi City, Goa, India).
9
Analytical Standards for Antimicrobial Compounds
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Standards (purity >98%) of sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine, sulfamerazine, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfadoxine, sulfachinoxaline, sulfathiazole, sulfamethizole, trimethoprim, florfenicol, doxycycline, amoxicillin, cefalexin, penicillin V, sarafloxacin d8 and ciprofloxacin were purchased (Dr. Ehrenstorfer, Augsburg, Germany) and stored at 4°C. HPLC water, acetonitrile, formic acid 98%, ammonium formate (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and acetic acid 100% were obtained from J.T.Baker, Mallinckrodt Inc, MO, USA. All antimicrobial stock solutions (1000 μg/mL) were prepared in methanol excepted AMX and LEX (1000 μg/mL) which were prepared in methanol and water (1:1). Stock solutions were then diluted up to 1 μg/mL for standard curve preparation.
10
Quantifying BiP mRNA Levels via qRT-PCR
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Total RNA was isolated from LIHID and HILID pools using a RNeasy® Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). mRNA levels for binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) were then analyzed using a two-step qRT-PCR protocol. β-actin was used as the internal control.
Briefly, 100 ng of RNA was reverse transcribed to cDNA using the ImProm II TM reverse transcription system (Promega) in a 40 µL reaction. These cDNA samples were analyzed on an iQ-5 Real-time PCR System (Bio-Rad) using a recipe of 10.0 µL of SsoFast TM Evagreen® Supermix (Bio-Rad), 500 nM (final concentration) of forward and reverse primers (Research Biolabs, Singapore), 2.0 µL of above synthesized cDNA, and topped up with HPLC water (Merck, San Diego, CA, USA) for a 20 µL reaction. Primers used are shown in table 1.
mRNA was extracted from two independently transfected cultures and analyzed with duplicate measurements for each sample. The collected threshold cycle (Ct) values were analyzed using a 2 -∆∆Ct method [18] .
Briefly, 100 ng of RNA was reverse transcribed to cDNA using the ImProm II TM reverse transcription system (Promega) in a 40 µL reaction. These cDNA samples were analyzed on an iQ-5 Real-time PCR System (Bio-Rad) using a recipe of 10.0 µL of SsoFast TM Evagreen® Supermix (Bio-Rad), 500 nM (final concentration) of forward and reverse primers (Research Biolabs, Singapore), 2.0 µL of above synthesized cDNA, and topped up with HPLC water (Merck, San Diego, CA, USA) for a 20 µL reaction. Primers used are shown in table 1.
mRNA was extracted from two independently transfected cultures and analyzed with duplicate measurements for each sample. The collected threshold cycle (Ct) values were analyzed using a 2 -∆∆Ct method [18] .
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