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5 protocols using ag 014699

1

Characterization of Breast Cancer Cell Lines

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Human breast cancer cell lines were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA) and from the cell repository of the Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research at UT Southwestern. Cell lines were MAP tested and fingerprinted (20 (link)). MDA-MB-231 (231) cells knocked down for K-H or PARP1 expression were generated (3 (link),20 (link),21 (link)) using specific lentiviral shRNAs and maintained in RPMI media supplemented with 5–10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 37 ºC in a humidified CO2 (5%) incubator. AG014361, AG014699 (Rucaparib) and RO3066 (CDK1 inhibitor) were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX) at the highest purity. All cell lines were routinely checked and found free of mycoplasm infection. Western blots, transfections, immunofluorescence (IF), co-immunoprecipitations, TUNEL, and colony forming assays (CFA) were performed using standard protocols. Specific experimental details are included in the Supplemental Information.
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2

Evaluating PARP Inhibitors on Cellular Responses

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The following compounds were used at the indicated final concentrations: PJ-34 (10 μM, ALX-270-289-M001, Enzo Life Science), Olaparib (1-10 μM, AZD-2281, Selleckchem), Rucaparib (1-8 μM, AG-014699, Selleckchem), Talazoparib (6.25-50 nM, BMN673, Selleckchem), β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrate (20-200 μM, N7004, Sigma-Aldrich), hydrogen peroxide (0.02-0.5 mM, H3420, Sigma-Aldrich), Methyl methanesulfunate, MMS (0.01%, 129925, Sigma-Aldrich), PARG inhibitor (10 μM, PDD00017273, Tocris), FK866 (1 μM, F8557, Sigma-Aldrich), MG132 (10 μM, M7449, Sigma-Aldrich), cycloheximide (50 μM, C7698, Sigma-Aldrich).
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Cytotoxicity Assay of HepG2 Cells

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The HepG2 cells were provided by the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (Lanzhou, China). DMEM was purchased from Hyclone; GE Healthcare Life Sciences (Logan, UT, USA); fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Sijiqing Company (Hangzhou, China). MTT was purchased from Amresco, LLC (Solon, OH, USA), BSI-201 was purchased from Sigma; Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). AZD2281 and AG014699 were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Shanghai, China). The primary antibodies (GAPDH, Caspase 3, Caspase 8, Bcl-2, Bax, PTEN, TIMP 3 and MMP3) were purchased from Affinity Biologicals Inc. (Ancaster, ON, Canada). The secondary antibody was purchased from Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Haimen, China).
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ZIKV Infection Dynamics in Cell Lines

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ZIKV strain GZ01/2016 (GenBank accession number KU820898) was used at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1 in this study, except where indicated otherwise (47 (link)). MEF cells were isolated from GD14.5 Balb/c mice. The IFNAR1−/− A549 cell line was generated as described (20 (link)). A549, BHK-21, Vero, HeLa, and HEK293T cells were purchased from American Type Culture Collection and cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (37°C, 5% CO2) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; 100 U/ml), penicillin, and streptomycin (50 μg/ml). INO-1001 (S1132) and AG-014699 (S1098) were purchased from Selleck. MG132 (M8699) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, and NITD008, an adenosine nucleoside analog inhibitor that inhibits the RdRp (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) activity of Flavivirus (48 (link)), was a gift from P.-Y. Shi (Novartis Institute for Infectious Diseases).
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5

Neuronal Cell Death Pathways

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Two to three month old human cortical neurons were treated with NMDA or oxygen-glucose deprivation at various indicated time duration and doses. Percent of cell death was determined by the staining with 5 µM Hoechst 33342 and 2 µM propidium iodide (PI) (Invitrogen, Carlsbas, CA). Images were taken and counted by Zeiss microscope equipped with automated computer assisted software (Axiovision 4.6, Zeiss). 20 µM Z-VAD (Sigma, V116), 20 µM NEC-1 (Sigma, N9037), 500 µM 3-MA (Calbiochem, 189490), 20 µM NPLA (Tocris, 1200), 30 µM DPQ (Enzo, ALX-270-21-M005), 500 nM AG-014699 (Selleckchem, S1098) 10 µM ABT888 (Active biochem, A-1003), 2 µM Olaparib (LC laboratories, O-9201) and 20 nM BMN673 (Selleckchem, S7048) were applied to evaluate the effect of different antagonists to known cell death signals.
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