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4 protocols using bs 1035r

1

Immunostaining of Colon Tissue

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Sections (4 μm thick) from the paraffin-embedded colon tissue blocks were prepared for IHC or IF staining. Briefly, staining was performed with primary antibodies against TNF-α (1 : 600, rabbit polyclonal, Bioss, bs-2081R), IL-1β (1 : 2,000, rabbit polyclonal, ABclonal, A11369), NF-κB/p65 (1 : 5,000, rabbit polyclonal, Servicebio, GB11142), F4/80 (1 : 1000, CST, 70076), CD86 (1 : 500, Bioss, bs-1035R), and CD163 (1 : 300, Bioss, bs-2527R). Goat anti-rabbit IgG (HRP) (1 : 4,000, Abcam, ab205718), Alexa 488-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit IgG(H+L) (1 : 400, Life Technologies, A21206), and Cy3 (1 : 200) were used as secondary antibody staining reagents for IF staining, while a goat polyclonal secondary antibody recognizing mouse IgG (1 : 500, Abcam, ab150113) was used for immunohistochemistry; DAPI-containing TBST was applied for 5 min. Sections were visualized using an Olympus microscope (Olympus BX53, Olympus Corporation).
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2

Comprehensive Protein Expression Analysis

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A total cell protein extraction kit (Milipore, Billerica, MA, USA) was used to extract total protein. An equivalent amount of protein from each sample was electrophoresed by 12% SDS-PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose membrane. After being blocked, membranes were incubated with anti-TLR4 (1:1000; PA5-23124, Invitrogen), anti- MHC-I (1:1000; ab134189 and ab22367, Abcam), anti-MHC-II (1:1000; ab157210 and ab23990, Abcam), anti-CD80 (1:1000; PA5-19211, Invitrogen and bs-2211r, Bioss, Woburn, MA, USA), anti-CD86 (1:1000; bs-1035r, Bioss), anti-TNF-α (1:1000; bs-2081R, Bioss), anti-IL-6 (1:2000; ab9324, Abcam), anti-IL-10 (1:1000; bs-0698r, Bioss), anti-CXCL10 (1:1000; PAA371Ra01; Cloud-Clone Corp., Houston, TX, USA), anti-TGF-β1 (1:1000; c0340, Assay biotechnology, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) and TGF-β2 (1:1000; 5343r-100, BioVision, Milpitas, CA, USA) overnight at 4 °C. Membranes were then washed three times with PBS/0.1%Tween-20 (5 min each), and incubated with a corresponding secondary antibody (1:5000) for 2 h at room temperature. Bands were detected using a chemiluminescence ECL kit (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), and were quantified using the Sigma-Gel software (Jandel Scientific Software, Sari Kafael, CA, USA).
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Lung Tissue Histology and Immunostaining

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The mice were sacrificed and perfused intracardially with PBS and 4% paraformaldehyde. Then, the lung tissue was soaked in 4% formaldehyde for 24 h at 4 °C and then steeped in 30% sucrose solution until the tissue sank (about 48 h). The lungs were cut into 8-um-thick slices. The lung slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and examined using light microscopy [25 (link)]. For immunofluorescent staining, the slides were preincubated in blocking solution. Then, the lung sections were incubated for over 12 h at 4 °C with the primary antibodies: anti-CitH3 (ab5103, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), anti-Ly6g (ab25377, Abcam), anti-NE (ab68672, Abcam), CD16 (PA5-47230, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA) and CD86 (BS-1035R, Bioss, Woburn, MA, USA). Then, the lung sections were incubated with secondary antibodies at room temperature for 2 h. At last, the sections were covered with DAPI and observed using a fluorescence microscope. At least three sections per mice were examined.
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4

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Immune Markers

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The frozen sections were rinsed with Tris-buffered saline (TBS) at room temperature for 10 min. After blocking with 10% normal goat serum (NGS) containing blocking solution (10% NGS/TBS) for 1 h, each antibody was reacted in the humid chamber at 4 °C overnight. The concentration of each antibody used in the experiments was 1:500 for CD86 (bs-1035R: Bioss, Boston, MA, USA), 1:1000 for Foxp3 (NB100-39002: Novus Biologicals, Centennial, CO, USA) and 1:500 for Axin2 (ab32197: Abcam, Cambridge, UK). After the reaction with these primary antibodies, the bound antibodies were visualized with a VECTASTAIN Elite ABC kit (VECTOR LABORATORIES, Burlingame, CA, USA) and Diaminobenzidine (DAB) (ImmPACT DAB: VECTOR LABORATORIES). The tissues were counter stained with Mayer’s hematoxylin solution, and then dehydrated, penetrated, and sealed with MOUNT-QUICK.
For immunofluorescence analysis, the sections were sequentially reacted with the anti-CD68 antibody (1:500, ab125212: Abcam) and then reacted with the biotinylated secondary antibody. After the reactions, the sections were reacted with APC-streptavidin (405,207: BioLegend, San Diego, CA, USA) and the FITC-anti-CD206 antibody (1:200: bs-4747R-FITC, Bioss). Finally, the sections were stained with DAPI (Sigma) and observed under a fluorescence microscope (BZ-X810: KEYENCE).
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