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5 protocols using tert butyl methyl ether mtbe

1

Lipidomics Workflow Optimization

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Formic acid, tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE), ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, acetate acid (HAc), sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, potassium chloride, glucose, disodium phosphate, HEPES, and calcium chloride were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). The ULC/MS-grade solvents, acetonitrile (ACN), methanol (MeOH) were obtained from Biosolve (Valkenswaard, Netherlands) and isopropanol (IPA) was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ultrapure water (18 MΩ cm at 25 °C) was used to prepare solutions. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was obtained from Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany), tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane (Tris) from Applichem (Darmstadt, Germany), and sodium chloride (NaCl) from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Platelets were activated using collagen-related peptide (Richard Farndale, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom) or thrombin from human plasma (Roche, Germany).
One hundred and thirty-six lipid standards (60 mediators, 58 thereof selected after model review) (See Supplementary Methods) were used to study the lipid fragmentation, build optimal collision-energy models, create in silico spectral libraries and spike-in as internal standards. They were purchased from Avanti (Alabaster, AL, USA) and Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA). Lipid fragment masses of mediators were validated with the Metlin database (https://metlin.scripps.edu/)66 (link).
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2

Quantification of Catechins and Phenolic Acids

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Analytical standards of (+)-catechin, taxifolin, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and the internal standard (IS) 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (hydrocaffeic acid) were all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany). The metabolite M1 (δ-(3.4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-γ-valerolactone) was synthesized by M. Rappold as part of his diploma thesis. Methanol (MeOH, LC-MS analyzed) from J.T.Baker Mallinckrodt and water (HiPerSolv CHROMANORM® for LC-MS) were obtained from VWR (Darmstadt, Germany). Ammonium formate (AF) and formic acid (FA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. An enzymatic mixture of β-glucuronidase/sulfatase (β-Gln/Sulfa) from Helix pomatia (Type HP-2; Sigma-Aldrich) was used for enzymatic hydrolysis. Ethyl acetate, tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE), and phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich.
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3

Quantitative Analysis of N-Ethylnorpentylone

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N-Ethylnorpentylone reference material was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA) and MDMA-d5, used as internal standard (IS), was purchased from Cerilliant (Round Rock, TX, USA). Methanol and formic acid (98-100%) were purchased from Scharlau (Barcelona, Spain). Ammonium formate and tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA) and sodium tetraborate from LS Chemicals (Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil). Ultrapure deionized water was purified by a Milli-Q RG unit from Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA). All solvents employed in the sample extractions were HPLC grade. N-Ethylnorpentylone, pentylone and methylone used for monoamine transporter assays were obtained from Cayman Chemical. [3H]Norepinephrine (60 Ci/mmol) and [3H]methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ([3H]MPP+; 80 Ci/mmol) were purchased from American Radiolabeled Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA) while [3H]dopamine (28 Ci/mmol) and [3H]5-HT (38 Ci/mmol) were purchased from Perkin Elmer (Billerica, MA, USA). All other reagents used for monoamine transporter assays were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich unless otherwise indicated.
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4

Metabolite Quantification Protocol

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Internal standards, including lysophosphatidylcholine C19:0 (LPC 19:0), phosphatidylcholine C38:0 (PC 38:0), phosphatidylethanolamine C30:0 (PE 30:0), sphingomyelin C12:0 (SM 12:0), ceramide C17:0 (Cer 17:0), fatty acid C16:0-d3 (FA 16:0-d3), fatty acid C18:0-d3 (FA 18:0-d3) and triglyceride 45:0 (TG 45:0) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). Internal standards, including acetylcarnitine-d3 (carnitine C2:0-d3), carnitine C10:0-d3, carnitine C16:0-d3, tryptophan-d5, phenylalanine-d5, cholic acid-d4, chenodeoxycholic acid-d4) were purchased from Sigma company (US). Ammonium acetate and tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) were purchased from Sigma company (US). Acetonitrile, methanol and isopropanol were purchased from Merk company (German). Milli-Q water was made from a Milli-Q system (Millipore,Billerica,MA). Pyridine, methoxyamine hydrochloride, and N-Methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) tri uoroacetamide (MSTFA) for GC-MS derivatization were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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5

Quantification of Oxidized Lipids in Cells

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All unsaturated fatty acids, tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE), lithium trifluoroacetate, and horse serum were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany). Acetonitrile, methanol, and ammonium formate [ultrapure LC/mass spectrometry (MS) grade] were obtained from Biosolve (Valkenswaard, Netherlands). Chloroform was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). 2,3,5,6-Tetramethyl-4-(methylnitrosoamino)phenol (P-NAP) was synthesized according to Ieda et al. [33] . C 21 -15-F 2t -IsoP, d 4 -10-F 4t -NeuroP, and d 4 -4-RS-4-F 4t -NeuroP were synthesized according to the published procedure [34, 35] . Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium/Ham's F12 medium was purchased from PAA Laboratories (Cölbe, Germany). Fetal bovine serum, phosphate-buffered saline, L-glutamine, nonessential amino acids, sodium pyruvate, and antibiotic (penicillin/streptomycin) solutions were obtained from Life Technologies (Darmstadt, Germany). 3-Morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) was purchased from Enzo Life Sciences (Lörrach, Germany).
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