A three-dimensional porous dolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) scaffold was fabricated using colloidal crystal (CC) templating, resulting in crystallike interconnected porosity within the PDMS. To achieve this, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microspheres of 100 ± 10 µm diameter (CorSpheric, CA, USA) were used as a temporary scaffold for the porous PDMS. PMMA spheres were washed with pure ethanol and centrifuged to remove small debris. Then, they were redispersed in fresh pure ethanol and allowed to settle overnight until sedimentation. The bead sediment was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes, followed by ethanol evaporation at 40°C for two days. After that, dried PMMA spheres were annealed at 120°C for two days to bond adjacent spheres into a highly packed arrangement. The arrangement of the three-dimensional CC template was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. First the CC template was first desiccated using the Autosamdri 795 Supercritical Point Dryer (Tousimis, Rockville, MD, USA), mounted on aluminum specimen holders, and sputter coated with a chromium ion beam coater (model 681; Gatan, Pleasanton, CA). Sputtered CCs were imaged with a field emission scanning electron microscope (JSM-7401F; Jeol Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at magnification ×100 and ×250.
Model 681
Manufactured by Ametek
Sourced in United States
The Model 681 is a lab equipment product manufactured by Ametek. It is designed to perform core functions related to laboratory testing and analysis. The detailed specifications and intended use of this product are not available in this response.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
8 protocols using model 681
1
Fabrication of 3D Porous PDMS Scaffold
2
Characterization of Melatonin-Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles
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Surface morphology of IO-MNPs, melatonin-loaded PLGA NPs and Melatonin-MNPs was imaged by the scanning electronic microscopy (SEM, S-4800, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) at an accelerating voltage of 10 kV. Samples were coated with platinum by high-resolution ion beam coater (Gatan, model 681, München, Germany) for 300 s at 4.2 TORR before loading into the instrument chamber. The shape and surface morphology of the aforementioned 3 types of particles were also investigated by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM, HT7700, Hitachi), in which the suspensions of the particle samples were dropped onto the surface of copper grid with carbon film and dried at room temperature. Size and size distribution of the as-prepared particles were measured by the dynamic light scattering (NANOPHOX). The samples were prepared by diluting the particle suspension with DI water to a count rate of 300 kcps and sonicated for 5 min before the measurement. The mass ratio of IO-MNPs loading within the Melatonin-MNPs was analyzed with thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA, Q5000 IR) from room temperature to 600°C at the atmosphere of air.
3
Surface Characterization of Materials
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The surface topography was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM; S-4800, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) with a 5 kV acceleration voltage after drying and being sputter-coated (Model 681, Gatan, Pleasanton, CA, USA) with Au-Pd alloy. The surface roughness (Ra and Rz) was measured using a surface profilometer (SJ-401, Mitutoyo, Kanagawa, Japan). Three samples from each group were prepared, and three random fields were observed per sample.
The surface wettability was determined by the sessile drop method using a contact angle meter (OCA-15Pro, Dataphysics, Stuttgart, Germany). After dropping a 1 μm droplet of deionized water onto each specimen, images of the droplet were recorded, and the static contact angles were measured using ImageJ software (ImageJ, version 2, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA) with tangential line method. Three randomly selected points on each of the three samples were examined per group.
The surface chemical states of the specimens were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS; Kratos Analytical, Manchester, UK). Survey scans of 200-700 eV were recorded using a monochromatic Al Kα source (1,486.6 eV) with a 15 kV accelerating voltage. The binding energy of each spectrum was calibrated using the C1s peak (284.8 eV).
The surface wettability was determined by the sessile drop method using a contact angle meter (OCA-15Pro, Dataphysics, Stuttgart, Germany). After dropping a 1 μm droplet of deionized water onto each specimen, images of the droplet were recorded, and the static contact angles were measured using ImageJ software (ImageJ, version 2, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA) with tangential line method. Three randomly selected points on each of the three samples were examined per group.
The surface chemical states of the specimens were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS; Kratos Analytical, Manchester, UK). Survey scans of 200-700 eV were recorded using a monochromatic Al Kα source (1,486.6 eV) with a 15 kV accelerating voltage. The binding energy of each spectrum was calibrated using the C1s peak (284.8 eV).
4
Ethanol Drying and Platinum Sputtering
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Following the cell fixation, the samples were ethanol dried using two syringe pumps (with 60-mL syringes). One syringe pump added ethanol, and the second removed the aqueous ethanol solution, to increase the ethanol concentration continuously, thus avoiding discrete steps. In this manner, 60 mL 50% aqueous ethanol was added over 1 h, followed by the same procedure with 100% ethanol. Then, the samples were rinsed twice (without the syringe pumps) with 100% ethanol dried over a molecular sieve, with an incubation time of 20 min after each exchange.
After the HMDS drying and CPD (see below), the samples were sputtered with a layer of 5-6-nm platinum (coater: Model 681; Gatan, USA).
After the HMDS drying and CPD (see below), the samples were sputtered with a layer of 5-6-nm platinum (coater: Model 681; Gatan, USA).
5
SEM Imaging of Sputtered Samples
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Discs of SD or CAD were prepared and grouped in the same way as the contact angle measurement. After dehydrating and drying 17) , the specimens were sputtercoated (Model 681, Gatan, Pleasanton, CA, USA) with Au-Pd alloy. Then the samples were observed in a field emission SEM (Helios Nanolab 600i, FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA) using the TLD (through the lens detector) at 10 kV accelerating voltage.
6
Breast Implant Surface Characterization
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Breast implant shell specimens were immersed in 1% Triton X100 and 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate for 16 hours, washed x2 with deionized water then washed with absolute ethanol followed by a further x2 washes with deionized water to remove any biological proteins. The samples were then dried in a 40 degrees oven for 1 hour. The samples were then mounted on aluminum stubs using carbon adhesive tabs and sputter coated with gold/palladium using a High Resolution Ion Beam Coater (Gatan Model 681). Images were taken using a scanning electron microscopy at magnifications ranging from x50 to x 1000 using a Field Emission Scanning Microscope (JEOL-JSM 7401F).
7
SEM Imaging of TIPS Microparticles
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TIPS microparticles were mounted onto aluminium stubs via adhesive carbon tabs, sputter coated with 1-2 nm of gold/palladium alloy for 3 minutes in an argon atmosphere using a high resolution ion beam coater (Gatan Model 681) and viewed by SEM.
8
Plasma-Treated Surface Characterization
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The untreated (negative control) surfaces and the surfaces plasma-treated using different plasma jets and treatment times were observed in a field emission SEM (Helios Nanolab 600i, FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA). Specimens were sputter-coated (Model 681, Gatan, Pleasanton, CA, USA) with Au-Pd alloy and observed at 35 mA for 85 s.
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