Strontium chloride srcl2

Anticryptococcal activity was assessed by the determination of the number of CFU as previously described (66 (link)). Primary NK cells (1 × 10⁵) were pretreated with 100 IU of rh-IL-12 (R & D Systems, MN; catalog no. 219-IL-005) for 20 h or not pretreated and were cocultured with C. neoformans (1 × 10³) in a 96-well plate (Costar; VWR, PA) at 37°C for 24 h. In some experiments, IL-12-treated NK cells were treated with 20-µM strontium chloride (SrCl₂) for 24 h (Sigma-Aldrich, Oakville, ON, Canada) as described previously (67 (link)) or not treated.

Ovariectomized (n = 20) and sham-operated (n = 5) ddY mice were obtained from Shizuoka Laboratory Center, Inc. (Hamamatsu, Japan). Mice were maintained in filter-top plastic cages under a controlled atmosphere at 23 ± 2 °C and 55 ± 5% humidity with a 12 h light/dark cycle and provided with food pellets (Feedlab Co., Ltd., Hanam, Korea) and tap water ad libitum. Strontium chloride (SrCl₂; 10 mg/kg/day, Sigma-Aldrich) and different concentrations of loganin were administered by oral gavage, and 17β-estradiol (E2; 0.03 μg, Sigma-Aldrich) was administered by subcutaneous injection. After 12 weeks of administration, the mice were euthanized and the right femoral bone was harvested for further analysis. All animal procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Ajou University School of Medicine (AMC-133).

Metaphase II oocytes (in vitro matured with DMSO, PFHxS or PFOS) were activated to produce parthenogenetic embryos, which were cultured in Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺‐free CZB maturation medium supplemented with 10 mM of Strontium Chloride (SrCl₂; Sigma 255521) and 5 μg/ml of cytochalasin D (Sigma C2743) for 3 h. The oocytes were then washed, transferred, and incubated in kalium simplex optimized medium (KSOM) supplemented with 5 μg/ml of cytochalasin D for an additional 3 h. The oocytes were then washed and cultured in KSOM for 48 h before assessing parthenote cleavage using a Leica DMi8 microscope.