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244 protocols using smz25

1

Fluorescence Imaging and Sorting of Zebrafish Embryos

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At the Institute of Biology, Leiden University, representative pictures were taken using a Leica M205 FA stereo fluorescence microscope equipped with a DFC345 FX monochrome camera. Fluorescent signal was quantified using a Complex Object Parameter Analyzer and Sorter (COPAS, Union Biometrica). At the Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, fluorescent sorting of fluorescein positive embryos (for slc45a2-MO injections) was done using a Nikon SMZ25 stereomicroscope. Representative pictures of control larvae and injected larvae displaying an albino phenotype were taken using the Nikon SMZ25 stereomicroscope equipped with a Nikon Digital Sight DS-Ri1 camera.
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2

Iodine Staining of Milled Rice

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In the iodine staining experiment, the mature seeds were first processed into milled rice, and the milled rice was cut with a sharp blade after being stained with iodine solution, and then observed and photographed with a stereo fluorescence microscope (SMZ25, Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). The appearance of milled rice was directly observed and photographed by a stereo fluorescence microscope (SMZ25, Nikon, Tokyo, Japan).
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3

Histopathological Analysis of Liver and Pancreas

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After euthanasia, the liver and pancreas were processed, including 10% neutral formaldehyde fixing, paraffin embedding, 5 µm thickness sectioning, and H&E staining [26 (link)]. The pathological changes were observed using a stereomicroscope (SMZ25, Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). For immunohistochemistry, the sections of the liver were antigen retrieval, blocked with goat serum (37 °C for 20 min), and then incubated with primary antibodies. The antibodies included AMPK (1:100, Beyotime, Shanghai, China), Phosphorylated protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (p-PERK, 1:200, Bioss, Beijing, China), Dynamic-related protein 1 (DRP1, 1:100, Beyotime), Cytochrome c (CytC, 1:100, Proteintech, Chicago, IL, USA), caspase 12 (1:100, Bioss), Inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE1, 1:100, Proteintech) and Mitofusion 1/2 (MFN1/2, 1:100, Proteintech). Subsequently, the slides were visualized using DAB and then observed under a stereomicroscope (SMZ25, Nikon).
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4

Integrative Taxonomy of Spiders

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Measurements are in mm. Epigynes were detached and temporarily cleared with clove oil. Specimens were examined and measured using a Nikon SMZ25 stereo microscope. Digital microscope images were taken using NIS-elements imaging system with a Nikon DS Fi2 digital camera mounted on a Nikon SMZ25 stereo microscope. Habitus images were taken with a Nikon D7100. Images were edited and drawings generated using GIMP ver. 2.6.10. The distribution map was generated with Inkscape ver. 0.48. Transliterated names of the localities in Israel and Palestine follow the 'Israel Touring Map'(1:250 000) and 'List of Settlements', published by the Israel Survey, Ministry of Labor. Coordinates are given in decimal degrees (DD). Coordinates estimated from Google maps by the locality name are in square brackets, coordinates taken in situ with a GPS are without brackets.
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5

Stereoscopic Fluorescent Microscopy Imaging

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A stereoscopic fluorescent microscope Nikon SMZ25 (Nikon, Melville, NY, USA) equipped with a Leica DC300FX camera (Leica Microsystems, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA) was used for imaging.
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6

Topical Elastase-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

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AAA formation was induced using a previously described topical elastase model (24 (link)). In summary, the infrarenal aorta was exposed circumferentially from just distal the renal arteries to the aortic bifurcation. A micropipette was used to apply 5μl of porcine pancreatic elastase (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO; 0.3mg protein/mL, 7 units/mg protein) topically to the exposed aortic adventitia for 5 minutes. The abdominal aorta was exposed and dissected free from surrounding tissue from the left renal vein proximally to the aortic bifurcation distally. A small puncture was made in the suprarenal aorta and blood evacuated from the vessel lumen. Aortic diameters were measured by video micrometry using NIS-Elements D5.10.01 software attached to the microscope (Nikon SMZ-25; Nikon Instruments, Melville, NY). Aortic dilation percentage was determined by [(maximal AAA diameter − self-control aortic diameter)/ (self-control aortic diameter)] × 100. Aortic dilation of ≥ 100% was considered positive for AAA (25 (link)). The aortas were collected and either flash frozen in −80°F for protein extraction, or incubated overnight in paraformaldehyde solution for histology and immunohistochemistry.
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7

Cretaceous Amber Insect Inclusion Study

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The study was based on material from Cretaceous Spanish amber. The specimen comes from the upper Albian amber-bearing deposit of Peñacerrada I (Basque—Cantabrian Basin, near the village of Moraza, Province of Burgos) (Figure 1). The specimen is deposited at the Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Álava, (Vitoria, Spain).
The specimen was embedded in epoxy resin (EPO-TEK 301) [10 ,11 ] which allowed physical protection and optimal study in ventral, lateral and dorsal views.
The biological inclusion was examined with a Nikon (SMZ25) stereomicroscope, Nikon SMZ 1500 equipped with a Nikon DS–Fi1 camera. The measurements were taken with NIS–Elements D 3.0 software. The length of the discal cell was given from its posterior edge to the point of connection of vein m-m with vein M3. The length of hypopygium was measured from the posterior margin of tergite IX to the tip of the gonocoxite. The measurements were given only for undamaged structures, in millimeters (mm), and the length of scape, pedicel, flagellomeres and particular segments of palpus were given according to the pattern: antenna or palpus section number/length of this section, in millimeters. Drawings were made by tracing the photographs. The terminology, wing venation and male genitalia nomenclature followed that of [12 ,13 ,14 (link)].
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8

Fluorescent Bacterium Visualization

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A sample of three insects, including adults and nymphs, was taken from the artificial feeding experiment on day 2, 4 and 5. The insects were dipped in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C. After two weeks, they were sectioned longitudinally and observed under a binocular microscope to verify the presence of the fluorescent bacterium under a UV source (excitation wavelength of GFP-B: 460–500 nm, emission wavelength: 510–560 nm). These analyses were performed using a Nikon SMZ25 fluorescence microscope (Nikon Instruments Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), with an optical system provides zoom ratio of 25:1 (zoom range 0.63 × – 15.75 ×), LED DIA light intensity control and epifluorescence filter cube selection.
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9

Tracking Psa Pathogen Migration in Flowers

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Following inoculation with bacterial suspensions or with artificially contaminated pollen, Psa distribution over flower tissues, and migration through them was monitored by microscopical observation.
Sample preparation and initial observations were performed using a motorized Nikon SMZ25 (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) with a zoom ratio of 25:1 (zoom range: 0.63 × - 31.45 × ) fitted with a BHS (GHS) filter set. The GHS filter set (excitation light 450–490 nm, emission 510 nm) was used to visualize the GFPuv-labeled bacteria.
Optical sections were obtained with a Nikon C1-S (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and equipped with an Argon laser. A 40, 60 and 100 × Nikon PlanApo objectives and the BHS (GHS) filter set were used for image acquisition. Images were acquired and analyzed by the NIS-Elements C Microscope Imaging Software.
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10

Colony Morphology Analysis Protocol

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Documentation of colony pieces was conducted with a Nikon SMZ25 (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with a Nikon DsRi-2 microscope camera, or a Hirox RH2000 microscope. For histological analysis, short branches of the colony were cut off, dehydrated in a graded ethanol series and afterwards infiltrated and embedded into Agar Low Viscosity Resin (Agar Scientific, Stansted, UK). Serial sections were conducted according to Ruthensteiner (2008 (link)). Sections were stained with toluidine blue, documented and analysed with a Nikon NiU microscope.
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