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7 protocols using ab32444

1

Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis

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Cells were harvested and washed twice with cold PBS, then resuspended and lysed in radioimmunoprecipitation-assay buffer (1% NP40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10 ng/mL phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 0.03% aprotinin, 1 μM sodium orthovanadate) at 4°C for 30 minutes. Lysates were centrifuged for 10 minutes at 14,000× g and supernatants quantified with a Pierce BCA protein-assay kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Protein was separated by 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Samples were transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes (Merck Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) and incubated overnight at 4°C with the primary antibodies Zwint (1:1,000, AP6686c; Abgent, San Diego, CA, USA), Cdc25C (1:1,000, ab32444; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), cyclin B1 (1:1,000, CST 4138), CDK1 (1:1,000, ab133327; Abcam), PCNA (1:1,000, CST 13110S), and GAPDH (1:1,000, G5262; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA). After incubation with HRP-coupled anti-mouse IgG antibody (1:2,000, Beyotime, Haimen, China) at 37°C for 2 hours, target proteins on polyvinylidene difluoride membranes were visualized using Clarity Western ECL substrate (Bio-Rad) and captured using a luminescent-image analyzer (FujiFilm, Tokyo, Japan).
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2

Immunohistochemistry Protocol for METTL8, PCNA, C-myc, and Cdc25C

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Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed with a two-step detection kit (Zsbio PV73 9000, China). The paraffin-embedded tissue sections were dewaxed in xylene, rehydrated in a graded alcohol system, and boiled in high-pressure autoclaved citric acid buffer (pH 6.0) for 15 min, and the peroxidase activity was quenched with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 min to avoid non-specific staining. The sections were washed three times with PBS followed by incubation overnight with anti-METTL8 antibody (Abcam, ab177201 at 1/200 dilution), PCNA antibody (Abcam, ab265609 at 1/200 dilution), C-myc antibody (Abcam, ab39688 at 1/100 dilution), or Cdc25C antibody (Abcam, ab32444 at 1/200 dilution) at 4°C. After that step, the sections were washed with PBS three times and incubated at room temperature for approximately 20 min with a reaction enhancer kit. This step was followed by three washes in PBS, incubation with secondary antibody at room temperature for 20 min, and staining with 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAB; Zhongshan Biotech, Beijing, China). The sections were dehydrated and sealed after redyeing with hematoxylin.
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3

Western Blot Quantification of Proteins

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Total protein was harvested from cells using RIPA lysis buffer (Beyotime, China). Protein samples were separated by sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide (SDS-PAGE) gel and transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. Blots were washed and incubated with antibodies. The protein bands were then visualized with an ECL detection system. The primary and secondary antibodies utilized in this study were listed as follows: anti-GAPDH (60004-1-Ig, Proteintech, USA), anti-HNRNPAB Abcam, USA), anti-CDK1 (ab133327, Abcam, USA), anti-Cyclin B1 (ab32053, Abcam, USA), anti-CDC25A (sc-7389, Santa Cruz, USA), anti-CDC25C (ab32444, Abcam, USA), anti-ER (ab75635, Abcam, USA), anti-HER2 (ab134182, Abcam, USA), HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (SA00001-1, Proteintech, USA), and HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (SA00001-2, Proteintech, USA).
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4

Antibody-based Apoptosis and Autophagy Analysis

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Antibodies against CDK1 (ab133327), Cyclin B1 (ab32053) and CDC25C (ab32444), Caspase-3 (ab32351), Bcl2 (ab182858), LC3B (ab192890), SQSTM1/P62 (ab109012), and γH2AX (ab81299) were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). Antibodies against NEK2 (66632-1-lg), TRIM21(12108-1-AP), α-tubulin (11224-1-AP), GAPDH (60004-1-Ig), Bax (60267-1-Ig), Alexa Fluor 594-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit second antibody (SA00013-4), and Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated donkey anti-mouse second antibody (SA00013-1) were obtained from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). An antibody against NEK2 (sc55601) was got from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc (St Louis, MO, USA). The autophagy activator Rapamycin (RAPA, HY-10,219), Cycloheximide (CHX, HY-12,320), and MG132(HY-13,259) were purchased from MedChemExpress (MCE, USA).
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5

Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis

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Total protein was extracted from the tissue samples and cells, and the protein concentrations were quantified using a BCA kit (Yeasen, Shanghai, China). Equivalent proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to PVDF membranes (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Then, the membranes were blocked and incubated with primary and secondary antibodies. We used ECL chemiluminescence to detect protein signals. GAPDH was used as the internal reference protein. Antibodies against the following proteins were used: GAPDH (60004-1-Ig, Proteintech), FEN1 (ab133311, Abcam), Cdc25C (ab32444, Abcam), CDK1 (ab133327, Abcam) and Cyclin B1 (ab32053, Abcam).
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6

Western Blot Protein Quantification

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Total cellular protein was extracted and normalized as previously described28 (link). Equal amounts of protein were loaded per well (25–30 μg). Proteins were separated on 7.5–10% SDS-PAGE and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes. β-actin antibody was used for loading controls (sc-47778 Santa Cruz). Anti-CDC25C antibody was used for protein detection (ab32444 Abcam Inc.).
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7

Immunohistochemistry of Bladder Cancer

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A bladder cancer and normal tissue array was obtained from a commercial vendor (BL1002a US Biomax, Inc.). Immunohistochemistry staining was performed by the University of Chicago Human Tissue Resource Center Core. Anti-CDC25C antibody was used at a concentration of 1:2000 (ab32444 Abcam Inc.). DAB was used as a secondary reporter molecule.
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