Cells were plated in 24-well plates (Nunc) at 1 × 105 cells per well in 500 μl DMEM and incubated overnight before infection with virus. At the experimental end point, 1 μCi (0.37 MBq) of 131I (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA) was added to each well for 1 h. Duplicate wells received 131I pre-mixed with 50 μM potassium perchlorate (Sigma-Aldrich). All wells were washed with copious amounts of PBS before detaching cells with 100 μl 1 m sodium hydroxide (Sigma-Aldrich) for 20 min. Gamma emissions from each sample were measured with a Wallac 1470 Wizard automatic gamma counter (Perkin Elmer).
Wallac wizard 1470 automatic gamma counter
Manufactured by PerkinElmer
Sourced in Belgium, Finland, United States
The Wallac Wizard 1470 Automatic Gamma Counter is a laboratory instrument used for the detection and quantification of gamma radiation emitted by radioactive samples. It is designed to provide accurate and reliable measurements of gamma-emitting isotopes in a wide range of applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Cobas c111, by Roche (5 mentions)
D 10 hemoglobin testing system, by Bio-Rad (3 mentions)
Cobas c111 analyzer, by Roche (2 mentions)
Triton x 100, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Potassium perchlorate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
1 m sodium hydroxide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
24 well plate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Flow count radio detector, by Bioscan (1 mentions)
Crc 15r dose calibrator, by Mirion Technologies (1 mentions)
Waters 600e pump, by Waters Corporation (1 mentions)
Nmr spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Ocfd03 ft4, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Human homocysteine hcy elisa kit, by MyBioSource (1 mentions)
μquant, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Cobas c11, by Roche (1 mentions)
18 protocols using wallac wizard 1470 automatic gamma counter
1
Radioisotope Uptake Assay Protocol
2
Synthesis and Characterization of Triethylene Glycol Di-p-tosylate
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All reagents and solvents were purchased from commercial suppliers and were used without further purification. Triethylene glycol di-p-tosylate was synthesized following the procedures described in literature [19 (link)]. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed on silica gel F254 aluminum-backed plates (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) with visualization under UV (254 nm). NMR spectra were recorded on a NMR spectrometer (Bruker, Germany) operating at 400 MHz for 1H NMR spectra and 100 MHz for 13C NMR spectra at Instrumentation Resource Center of National Yang-Ming University. All chemical shift values were reported in ppm (δ). Electrospray ionization-mass spectra (ESI-MS) were acquired on a FINNIGAN LCQ mass spectrometer at Instrumentation Resource Center of National Taiwan University. Analytic as well as semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed with a Waters 600E pump equipped with a Waters 2998 photodiode array detector and a flow count radio detector (Bioscan, Washington DC) for gamma ray detection. Radioactivity was assayed using a Capintec CRC-15R dose calibrator (Ramsey, NJ) or a γ-scintillation counter (Wallac 1470 Wizard automatic gamma counter, Perkin-Elmer, Waltham, MA).
3
Chromium-51 Release Cytotoxicity Assay
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1×106 E.G7 cells pretreated with or without 5 µM sorafenib were resuspended in 500 µl cRPMI-1640 and incubated with 1.11×107 Bq 51Cr (American Radiolabeled Chemicals, St. Louis, MO) for 2 hours. Then plated into U-bottom 96-well plates at the density 1×104 cells/well and co-cultured with CD8+ T cells at various effector-to-target ratios for another 4 hours. The supernatant was collected and counted by the gamma counter (Wallac 1470 WIZARD Automatic Gamma Counter, Perkin-Elmer Life Science, Boston, MA). The percentage of specific lysis was calculated as follows: (experimental release - spontaneous release)/(maximum release - spontaneous release) ×100%. Maximum release was determined by measuring the counts of labeled E.G7 cells lysed with 1% Triton X-100.
4
Serum Glucose and Insulin Measurement
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Serum glucose concentration was measured by colorimetric methods using commercially available test kits (Roche Diagnostics, Rotkreuz, Switzerland) and a Cobas c111 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Rotkreuz, Switzerland). Serum insulin concentration was estimated by an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) using commercially available test kits (DiaSource, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium), and assay tubes were counted in a Wallac Wizard 1470 Automatic Gamma Counter (Perkin Elmer, Life Science, Turku, Finland). All measurements were repeated twice.
5
Thyroid Function Assessment by RIA and IRMA
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Free thyroxine (fT4) concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA, OCFD03-FT4, Cis-Biointernational, France), with a reference range of 7-18 pg/mL. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration was determined immunoradiometrically (IRMA TSH, INEP, Zemun, Serbia), with a reference range of 0.3-5.5 mU/L. All measurements were made on a Wallac Wizard 1470 Automatic gamma counter (PerkinElmer Life Sciences, WallacOy, 2005, Finland).
6
Evaluation of Metabolic Biomarkers in Blood
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Blood samples were obtained and collected to evaluate the concentrations of plasma glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The samples were stored in accordance with the kit instructions until testing at −20 or −80 °C. The samples were prepared for testing in accordance with the instructions provided with the laboratory kit. Concentrations of plasma glucose were measured by the hexokinase enzymatic colorimetric assay (Cobas c111, Roche Diagnostics Ltd., Risch-Rotkreuz, Switzerland). Serum insulin concentrations were evaluated by immunoradiometric assay (INS-Irma, DIASource S.A., Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Wallac Wizard 1470 Automatic Gamma Counter, PerkinElmer Life Sciences, Turku, Finland). Concentrations of lipids were evaluated by enzymatic colorimetric assay using commercially available kits (Cobas c111, Roche Diagnostic Ltd., Risch-Rotkreuz, Switzerland). HbA1c levels were assessed using HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography; D-10 Hemoglobin Testing System, Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., Hercules, CA, USA by France, Bio-Rad, Marnes-la-Coquette).
7
Biochemical Parameters Assessment in Men
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The biochemical parameters were assessed at the Laboratory of the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland. Some of the parameters (glucose and triglycerides) were determined immediately after venous blood collection. The remainder of the biological material was stored in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturers of the laboratory kits (−20 °C/−80 °C), and determinations were performed after the entire group of men had been tested. Serum glucose levels were measured by the hexokinase/glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) method using the Cobas c111 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics Ltd., Rotkreuz ZG, Switzerland). Serum insulin levels were assessed by the immunoradiometric method (RIA) with the use of INS-IRMA kits (DiaSource Immuno-Assays S.A., Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium). The Wallac Wizard 1470 Automatic Gamma Counter (PerkinElmer, Life Science, Turku, Finland) was used for the determination of insulin. Serum triglycerides levels were determined by the enzymatic-colorimetric method according to Wahlefeld using the Cobas c111 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics Ltd., Rotkreuz ZG, Switzerland). Serum homocysteine levels were measured using the enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) method with the Human Homocysteine (Hcy) ELISA KIT (MyBioSource, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA).
8
Evaluating Protein Resistance of Contact Lenses
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Example 92
Various contact lenses listed above (n=4 for each lens type) were soaked in a complex salt solution (CSS) for 18 hours on a shaker to remove any residual blister pack solution. The lenses were then rinsed twice in CSS and blotted on lens paper. Each lens was placed in a vial containing 1 mL of an artificial tear solution (ATS) containing 125I-labeled lysozyme. The vials were capped, sealed with Parafilm, and incubated at 37° C. with shaking for 3 and 7 days.
At the end of the incubation period, each lens was rinsed twice in CSS and blotted on a lens paper. Lenses were then placed in sterile 5 ml (12×75 mm), non-pyrogenic, polypropylene round bottom tubes and radioactive counts were subsequently determined using a Gamma Counter (Perkin Elmer Wallac Wizard 1470 Automatic Gamma Counter, Wellesley, Mass., USA). As shown in the table below the coated PureVision lens had a higher protein resistance than the uncoated PureVision lens as indicated by the lower amount of protein present on the lens surface.
9
Evaluating CXCR2-Mediated Melanoma Cytotoxicity
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Conventional 51Cr release assays for cell mediated cytotoxicity were used to evaluate the killing capacity of CXCR2 or Mock transduced T cells against IL-8 secreting melanoma cell line FM82 alone or in combination with either 5 ng/mL IL-8, or 2 ug/mL neutralizing mAb to IL-8. In short, 5 × 105 target cells (FM82) were labeled with 100 μCi 51Cr (Perkin Elmer) in 100 µL RPMI + 10% FBS for 60 min. Washed target cells were subsequently plated 5 × 103 cells/well in round bottomed 96-well plates with T cells at decreasing effector:target ratios, and incubated 4 h at 37°C. For quantification of T cell-mediated killing of target cells 100 μL supernatant was aspirated and 51Cr-release was measured using a gamma counter (Perkin Elmer Wallac Wizard 1470 Automatic gamma counter). Separate wells were used to determine maximum and spontaneous 51Cr release. Wells designated maximum 51Cr release were added 100 µL 10% TritonX-100 (Sigma-Aldrich) while wells designated spontaneous 51Cr release, target cells were added 100 μL RPMI 1640 + 10% FBS only. Specific lysis was calculated using the following equation; ((sample release – spontaneous release)/(maximum release – spontaneous release))*100%.
10
Measuring Metabolic Biomarkers in Blood
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The specimen was drawn and prepared for testing in accordance with the instructions provided with the laboratory kit. The specimen was stored in accordance with the kit instructions until testing at −20 °C/−80 °C. An immunoradiometric assay (Insulin, IRMA, DiaSource, Belgium; Wallac Wizard 1470 Automatic Gamma Counter, PerkinElmer, Life Science, Turku, Finland) was used to measure insulin concentration. Concentrations of plasma glucose was measured by the hexokinase enzymatic colorimetric assay (Cobas c111, Roche Diagnostics Ltd., Risch-Rotkreuz, Switzerland). Concentrations of fasting triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL were measured with an enzymatic colorimetric assay (Cobas c111, Roche Diagnostics Ltd., Risch-Rotkreuz, Switzerland). HbA1c was assessed using HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography; D-10 Hemoglobin Testing System, Bio-Rad Laboratoriues Inc. Hercules, CA, USA by France, Bio-Rad, Marnes-la-Coquette).
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