The physical parameters were assessed according to previously published methods (Albaggar, 2020 ). Total dissolved solids (TDS), and turbidity, and pH were assessed in water samples by a standard turbidimeter (HQ14D, Hach, USA) and a standard pH scale (PHS-25, Bante, China). Recorded measures were compared to standards of the World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and Saudi standards (FAO, 1992 , SASO, 2002 , WHO, 2017 ).
Hq14d
Manufactured by HACH
Sourced in United States
The HQ14D is a portable pH/conductivity meter designed for field and laboratory use. It provides accurate measurements of pH and conductivity in a compact and durable package.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
5 protocols using hq14d
1
Assessment of Water Quality Parameters
2
Environmental Sampling and Analysis in Bangkok
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Sediment (S) and floodwater (W) samples were collected in December 2011 from 10 locations in Bangkok and suburban areas in Nakornpathom, Nontaburi, and Phatum Thani provinces (Fig 1 ). The sampling sites covered agricultural and residential areas (5–150 cm water depth). These locations are in public areas and need no permission for sample collection. The field studies did not involve disturbance of any endangered or protected species. The sediment samples were collected at 2.5–15 cm below the surface. Three samples were collected as field replicates per site studied. The replicate samples were pooled and thoroughly mixed. Physical and chemical characteristics of the samples (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and conductivity) were analyzed using Standard Methods [9 ]. DO was measured on Dissolved Oxygen Portable Meter (Orion 3 star, Thermoscientific, USA), ORP was measured using a pH/ORP Waterproof portable detector (HI 98183, Hana Instrument, USA) and Conductivity was analyzed on Portable Conductivity Meter (HQ14d, Hach, USA). The samples were kept at 4°C during transportation. The sediment and water samples were processed and kept at -20°C before DNA extraction.
3
Total Suspended and Dissolved Solids
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TSS was measured by filtering with 1 μm pore size GF/C filters (Whatman). 100 mL of sample was taken. The difference between oven dried Whatman filter paper before and after filtration was the measurement of TSS per 100 mL and then it was converted into 1 mL. TDS was measured directly by HACH HQ14D portable meter.
4
Measuring Soil Electrical Conductivity
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The electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil was determined in triplicate according to Zagal and Sadzawka [84 ]. Dehydrated soil samples of 20 g were moistened with 100 mL of deionized water. Wetting was performed with vigorous shaking for 30 min. The liquid phase was separated by filtration (11 μm Whatman) for conductivity analysis using a conductivity meter HQ14D (HACH, Ames, Iowa USA). The conductivity meter was calibrated with a standard solution 0.1 N of KCL (7.46 g of KCl calibrated to 1 L) of 12.9 dS m−1 at 25 °C.
5
Physicochemical Characterization of Acacia Honey
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In order to determine the physicochemical parameters of acacia honey, the methods proposed by the International Honey Commission (Harmonised Methods Of The International Honey Commission, 2008) were used. With the help of these methods the following parameters were determined: moisture content (using Abbe refractometer, Leica Mark II Plus), electrical conductivity (using portable conductometer HQ14d, HACH, USA), pH (using pH meter Mettler Toledo FiveGo, Mettler Toledo, USA), free acidity (using TITROLINE easy, Schott Instruments, Germany) and color (using portable chromameter CR-400, Konica Minolta, Japan). The hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content was determined using a UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer SCHIMADZU UV-3600 (Schimadzu Corporation, Japan), according to the method proposed by White (White, 1979) .
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