Dichlofluanid

B. cinerea strain B05.10 was obtained from the VTT culture collection (http://culturecollection.vtt.fi, ref. D-071295). To prepare conidial suspension, a mycelial disc of B. cinerea was inoculated onto malt extract agar (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) plates and incubated for 2 weeks at 22ºC. The conidia were harvested by flooding the cultures with sterile distilled water or potato dextrose broth (PDB; BD Biosciences, Spark, MD, USA), rubbing the surface with a spreader, and then filtered through four sheets of Miracloth (Chicopee Mills Inc., Milltown, NJ, USA). Schizophyllum commune KUC9080 isolated from a soil of Gurye, Korea was used to construct a microbial culture extract library. The KUC9080 strain was maintained on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates. Tebuconazole and chlorothalonil were obtained from Kyung Nong Co. Ltd (Seoul, Korea), and boscalid, dichlofluanid, fenhexamid, fludioxonil, iprodione, difenoconazole, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenpropimorph, imazalil, and prochloraz in this study were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Mitomycin C (MMC, CAS 50-07-7), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS, 66-27-3), azinphos-methyl (CAS 86-50-0), dithianone (CAS 3347-22-6), dichlofluanid (CAS 1085-98-9), 3,4-benzo[a]pyrene (BaP, CAS 50-32-8) and 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA, CAS 613-13-8) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, CAS 67-68-5) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MI, USA). All other chemical reagents used were analytical grade and purchased from standard companies. For lower water solubility, the tested chemicals were dissolved in DMSO followed by dilution with PBS to working concentration. The final DMSO working concentration was kept at 8% using serial dilutions with DMSO–PBS mixture.
For molecular cloning manipulation, DNA polymerase of PrimeSTAR was purchased from TaKaRa (Dalian, China). FastDigest restriction enzymes were obtained from Fermentas of Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). SanPrep Column Plasmid Mini-preps Kit and SanPrep Column PCR Product Purification Kit (Sangon, Shanghai, China) were used for the preparation of plasmids and PCR products.