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1 kb dna molecular ladder

Manufactured by Meridian Bioscience
Sourced in United Kingdom

The 1 kb DNA molecular ladder is a laboratory tool used to determine the size of DNA fragments during gel electrophoresis. It consists of a set of DNA fragments of known molecular weights, typically ranging from 250 to 10,000 base pairs, which can be used as a reference to estimate the sizes of unknown DNA samples.

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2 protocols using 1 kb dna molecular ladder

1

16S rDNA PCR Amplification and Sequencing

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PCR amplification of the 455 bp fragment of the 16 S rDNA gene was performed using a single pair of primers 16 S-F: TTA AAT TGC TGT RGT ATT and 16 S-R1: CCG GTC TGA ACT CASAWC and thermo cycling conditions as previously described [17 (link)]. Each reaction was prepared in a final volume of 25 µl containing; − 10 µl of 1× PCR buffer, 20 µM of each dNTPs, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.25U of Taq Polymerase, 1 µl of 0.2 µM of each primer, 7 µl of nuclease free water, and 5 µl (containing 1ng – 1ug) of genomic DNA template. The amplification was completed in a thermocycler (MultiGene OptiMax Thermal Cycler, Labnet International, Edison, NJ, USA) with initial denaturation of 94° C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles at 94° C for 30 s, 48° C for 45 s, 72° C for 45 s, and a final extension at 72° C for 7 min. Five microliters of each PCR amplicon stained with ethidium bromide were run on 2% agarose gels and visualised on an ultraviolet transilluminator to check the quality and yield of PCR product. The resultant PCR products were sized against a 1 kb DNA molecular ladder (Bioline, London, UK). PCR products were purified using QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and commercially Sanger-sequenced (Inqaba Biotec, Pretoria, South Africa).
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2

Molecular Identification of Organisms

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PCR ampli cation was performed on 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes and the ITS 2 spacer using primers (Table 1) and thermocycling conditions as previously described [4, 19] . Each reaction was prepared into a nal volume of 50 µl containing; 1´-reaction buffer (670 mM Tris-HC , pH 8.8, 166 μM (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 4.5 % Triton X-100, 2 mg/ml gelatin) (Bioline, Humber Road, London, UK), 0.25 mM of each dNTP, 0.25 mM each of forward and reverse primers, 1.56 U BioTaq DNA polymerase (Bioline, London, UK), 1.25 mM MgCl 2 , 32.2 µl of PCR grade water and nally 5 µl of the template DNA.
The 16S ribosomal RNA gene was ampli ed in a thermocycler (Personal Thermocycler, Biometra, Göttingen, Germany) with initial denaturation of 94 °C for 5 min followed by 30 cycles at 94 °C for 30 s, 48 °C for 45 s, 72 °C for 45 s and a nal extension at 72 °C for 7 min. Ampli cation of the ITS2 and 12S ribosomal RNA was performed using similar thermocycling conditions to those of 16S at annealing temperature of 55 °C and 52 °C, respectively. PCR products were resolved on 2% agarose gels. The resultant PCR products were sized against a 1 kb DNA molecular ladder (Bioline, London, UK). The expected PCR product sizes ranged between 300-1200 bp. PCR products were puri ed using QIAquick PCR Puri cation Kit (Qiagen, Germantown, MD, USA) and commercially Sanger-sequenced (Inqaba Biotec, Muckleneuk, Pretoria, South Africa).
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