Ir 200

The hydrogen bonds were characterized using a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer (IR 200, Thermo Nicolet, USA). Polarized optical microscopy (POM) images were obtained using a Caikon microscope (XPF-500C) equipped with polarization filters. A CK-400 hot stage was used to conduct the thermo-controlled experiments. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed using a TA instruments Q2000 calorimeter. The samples were heated or cooled at a rate of 10 °C min⁻¹ with an isothermal equilibration of 2 min after each heating or cooling ramp. The thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) of samples were performed using a STA-449C (Germany). The samples were heated from 30 to 800 °C at a rate of 10 °C min⁻¹ under a nitrogen atmosphere. The XRD patterns were collected on an Anton Paar Saxsess mc2 apparatus attached to an ID 3003 laboratory X-ray generator (General Electric) equipped with a sealed X-ray tube (PANalytical, λ (Cu-K_α) = 0.1542 nm, 40 kV, 50 mA). Adsorption kinetics were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy using a UV-vis spectrometer (Spectrum lab 752s, Shanghai). Other UV-vis spectroscopy experiments were performed using a UV-vis spectrophotometer (UV-1800PC, Mapada Instruments, Shanghai).