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63 protocols using jem 1010 microscope

1

Ultrastructural Analysis of C2C12 Cell Sheets

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C2C12 cell sheets were fixed in Karnovsky’s fixative solution for 2 h at 4 °C. They were washed with 0.05 mol/L sodium cacodylate. Post-fixation was performed in 1% OsO4 for 2 h at 4 °C. After being washed with deionized water, the sheets were stained with 0.5% uranyl acetate. They were dehydrated using a graded series of ethanol. Finally, they were embedded in epoxy resin by drying in an oven at 70 °C for 24 h. An EM UC7 ultramicrotome (Leica Camera, Wetzlar, Germany) was used to obtain thin sections, which were mounted on copper grids and analyzed with a JEM1010 microscope (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan) at RT.
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2

Characterization of Calcined Powder Crystalline Structure

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The analysis of the crystalline structure of the calcined powders was conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using an Empyrean diffractometer (PANalytical, Westborougj, MA, USA) (CuKα1 radiation). On the other hand, the morphology was analyzed using a SEM (TESCAN, MIRA 3 LMU, Brno, Czech Republic). The chemical surface analysis and the oxidation elements states for h-YMnO3 were performed with XPS (Thermo Scientific K-α, E. Grinstead, UK), with a monochromatic source Al Kα (1486 eV). In a complementary way, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), using a Jeol JEM1010 microscope (Tokyo, Japan), was used.
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3

Negative Staining and Cryo-TEM of Extracellular Vesicles

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Ten microliters of EV suspension (stored at 4 °C for 12 h after purification) were placed on Formvar-covered copper grids (Agar Scientific, Stansted, UK) and stained with 1% phosphotungstic acid (Electron Microscopy Sciences, Hatfield, PA) for 30 s. The preparations were observed in a JEM-1010 microscope (Jeol, Peabody, MA). For cryogenic electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM), 10 μl of EV suspension were directly observed in a JEM-2100 LaB6 microscope (Jeol). The Digital Micrograph 2.0x software (Gatan, Pleasanton, CA) was used.
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Ultrastructural Analysis of Medusavirus-infected Amoeba

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Medusavirus-infected amoeba cells were harvested at 2-h intervals and fixed with 2% glutaraldehyde in PBS at room temperature (23°C) for 30 min. The cells were washed three times with PBS and then postfixed with 2% osmium tetroxide in PBS at room temperature (23°C) for 1 h. The fixed cells were dehydrated using an ethanol gradient (50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, and 100% for 5 min each) at room temperature (23°C). The dehydrated cells were infiltrated with propylene oxide and embedded in epoxy resin mixture (Quetol 812; Nissin EM Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The resin was polymerized at 60°C for 2 days. Ultrathin sections (approximately 70-nm thickness) were prepared with a diamond knife using an ultramicrotome (EM-UC7; Leica Microsystems, Austria). The sections were stained with 2% uranyl acetate for 5 min and then with 0.4% lead citrate for 1 min. The stained sections were visualized using a JEM1010 microscope (JEOL, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at an acceleration voltage of 80 kV.
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5

TEM Analysis of Particle Sizes

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Particle sizes and shapes were studied by TEM using a JEOL JEM 1010 microscope operated at 100 keV. TEM samples were prepared by placing one drop of a dilute particle suspension on an amorphous carbon-coated copper grid and evaporating the solvent at room temperature. The mean particle size and distribution were evaluated by measuring the largest internal dimension of at least 100 particles. Afterwards, data were fitted to a lognormal distribution, obtaining the mean size ( ) and the standard deviation (σ).
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Measuring Nanoparticle Size by TEM

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Copper TEM grids coated with ultrathin 3–4 nm carbon films were immersed in nanoparticle water suspensions for a few seconds, retrieved and left to fully dry. TEM were performed in a JEOL JEM-1010 microscope operated at 100 kV and equipped with a CMOS 4 K × 4 K, F416 de TVIPS camera. The median core size of nanoparticles was determined from the resulting statistical size distribution upon measuring the projected diameter using Image J.23 (link)
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7

TEM Imaging of miR-200a-MNPs

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TEM imaging of the miR-200a-MNPs and unconjugated MNPs was performed using a JEM 1010 microscope (JEOL Ltd.) at 80 kV. The miR-200a-MB-MNPs and unconjugated MNPs were fixed with 2% formaldehyde for 10 minutes, and the TEM digital images were recorded using a Gatan cooled charge-coupled device camera.
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8

Characterization of AuNPs Coated with BSA-r8

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AuNRs and AuNPrs were characterized before and after BSA-r8 coating by UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra, using a Lambda 25 spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Z potential measurements were acquired in PBS pH = 7, at 25 °C, using a Zetasizer 3000 (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK), as triplicates in aqueous solution at 25 °C.
TEM images of AuNRs were acquired with a JEOL JEM-1010 microscope (JEOL USA, Peabody, MA, USA), using Formvar carbon-coated copper microgrids (200 mesh; Ted Pella, Redding, CA, USA). For AuNPrs, TEM images were obtained using a Philips CM 120 transmission electron microscope with an accelerating voltage of 120 kV and a 300 mesh Formvar/Carbon-Coated Copper grid. For both AuNPs, liquid suspensions were deposited on the microgrid and allowed to stand overnight before TEM image acquisition.
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9

Autofluorescence Imaging and TEM Analysis of Stolonization

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Whole specimens preserved in 2.5% glutaraldehyde were mounted in slides to obtain images of autofluorescent tissues during stolonization with a Nikon Eclipse upright with A1–Si confocal microscope at the Image Analysis Center (IAC) of the Natural History Museum of London. No stain was applied, but images were obtained in DAPI 488, 555, and 647 channels, under gentle laser excitation. For transmission electron microscopy (TEM), specimens fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde were later postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide and rinsed twice in PBS before dehydration with an increasing series of acetone (from 50% to 100%). Samples were further embedded in epoxy resin, serially sectioned with an ULTRACUT ultramicrotome at 64 nm, poststained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and observed with a JEOL JEM1010 microscope at the Serveis Científico-Tècnics (SCT) at the Universitat de Barcelona and at the Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación (SIDI) of the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
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10

Ultrastructural Analysis of Nerve Samples

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Nerves were immediately fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde followed by 2 hours of post-fixation in 2% osmium tetroxide, samples were gradually dehydrated by immersion in ascending ethanol gradients (30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 95%, and 100%) followed by immersion in propylene oxide. Samples were then left in a pre-infiltration solution of equal parts of propylene oxide and Glauerts resin mixture (Araldite M and Araldite Harter, HY 964 at the ratio 1:1), 0.5% dibutyl phthalate plasticizer (to reduce resin viscosity and allow better embedding medium infiltration into the specimen), the final step was to add 2% accelerator DMP-30 to promote the polymerization of the resin embedding medium. The desired nerve sample orientation was checked before final resin incubation and solidification at 60°C where they were left for 2–3 days. Semi-thin sections of 2.5 µm thick and ultra-thin sections of 70 nm were prepared using an Ultracut UCT ultramicrotome (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany), and then stained with 1% toluidine blue (Sigma-Aldrich) for high-resolution light microscopy examination (DM4000B microscope equipped with a DFC320 digital camera and an IM50 image manager system, Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany) (Ronchi et al., 2016). For the transmission electron microscopy images, a Jeol JEM-1010 microscope (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan) was used.
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