A two-centimeter divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/ PDMS) SPME fiber (purchased from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was used to preconcentrate VOCs. Guanidine hydrochloride (GHCl; pH = 8.5) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used to denature major urinary proteins (MUPs), as they bind VOCs in hydrophobic pockets [35 (link)]. Headspace vials with a volume of 10 mL were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA) and were used for urine sample storage and analysis. An Agilent (Santa Clara, CA, USA) 7890A GC system coupled to an Agilent 7200 MS quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) equipped with a PAL autosampling system (CTC Analytics, Zwingen, Switzerland) was used to incubate, extract, and analyze VOCs. The GC column utilized for VOC separation was an Agilent Ultra Inert HP-5 ms with 30 m length, 250 μm internal diameter, and 0.25 μm film thickness. MATLAB R2020a and Origin were used to generate figures.
Guanidine hydrochloride ghcl
Manufactured by Merck Group
Guanidine hydrochloride (GHCl) is a chemical compound commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and other polar solvents. The primary function of GHCl is to act as a chaotropic agent, which means it can disrupt the non-covalent interactions within and between biomolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Pal autosampling system, by CTC Analytics (1 mentions)
7890a gc system, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Dvb car pdms spme fiber, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tetraethoxysilane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Concentrated sulfuric acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Concentrated nitric acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hplc grade water, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Lysosensor yellow blue dnd 160, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
2 protocols using guanidine hydrochloride ghcl
1
Volatile Organic Compounds Profiling in Urine
2
Diatom Silicate Biomineralization Analysis
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PDMPO (LysoSensor™ yellow/blue DND-160), 1 mM in dimethylsulfoxide was obtained from Life Technologies. Chemicals for preparation of citrate and phosphate buffers, ammonia solutions, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), HPLC grade water, concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid and guanidine hydrochloride (GHCl) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Plant material, Equisetum arvense, was collected locally and a dry powder sample of the Antarctic diatom, Nitzschia stellata, a present from Dr Mark Hildebrand, Scripps Institute of Oceanography had originally been collected by Dr Joyce C. Lewin. Living diatoms: freshwater species were obtained from the balance pond on the Clifton Campus at Nottingham Trent University and saltwater species were obtained from https://www.ccap.ac.uk/ with culture cultivation as per CCAP guidelines.
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