Solid samples were harvested from fermenting hay (1 g) (Zgierz, Poland, 51°51'24.8"N 19°23'42.9"E) and extracted during 60 min of mixing, in 100 mL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; Chempur, Gliwice, Poland) with the addition of 1 mL of polysorbate 80 (Biomaxima, Lublin, Poland). Liquid samples, containing rotting plant fragments, derived from geothermal karst spring (64°18'34.7"N 20°18'12.6"W), hot spring (64°00'34.3"N 21°11'04.9"W) and vicinity of geothermal pond Blue Lagoon (63°52'50.5"N 22°26'52.4"W) (all originating from Iceland) were used directly. Screening of thermophilic bacteria was performed using serial dilution and spread plate technique on nutrient Gelzan™ medium. It was prepared by solidification of nutrient broth (BTL, Lodz, Poland) with the addition of gellan gum 8 g/L (Gelzan™; Sigma-Aldrich, Merck, St. Louis, MO, USA) and MgSO4 1 g/L (Chempur, Piekary Slaskie, Poland). Single colonies were picked after 48 h of incubation at 50 or 60 °C. Pure cultures of isolated bacteria were kept frozen at -80 °C in glycerol stocks.
Phosphate buffered saline (pbs)
Manufactured by Chempur
Sourced in Poland
Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is an aqueous buffer solution containing sodium phosphate and sodium chloride. It is commonly used to maintain the pH and osmolarity of biological samples, such as cells and tissues, in various laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Methanol, by Chempur (3 mentions)
Mgso4, by Chempur (2 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Chempur (2 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu reagent, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ethanol, by Chempur (2 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Gelzan, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Bovine serum albumin (bsa), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chloroform, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Cacodylic buffer, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
5 fluorouracil, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
ε caprolactone, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Glycolide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chloroform, by Chempur (1 mentions)
Liquid paraffin, by Chempur (1 mentions)
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Anhydrous sodium acetate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Caffeic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chlorogenic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
7 protocols using phosphate buffered saline (pbs)
1
Isolation of Thermophilic Bacteria from Diverse Environments
2
Silanization and Lactadherin Immobilization
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Materials and reagents: Silicon wafers (cat. no. 647780, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA); 99% ethanol absolute (cat. no. 396480111, POCH); toluene (cat. no. 244511, Sigma Aldrich); chloroform (cat. no. 234431116, POCH); glutaraldehyde (cat. no. 424610237, Chempur, Karlsruhe, Germany); PBS (cat. no. P4417, Sigma Aldrich); human lactadherin (LACT; cat. No. 10853-H088 LC11NO 2901, Sino Biological Inc.), [(3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane]; APTES (cat. no. 440140, Sigma Aldrich), [(3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane]; GOPS (cat. no. 440167, Sigma Aldrich); bovine serum albumin (BSA; cat. no. 05470, Sigma Aldrich); and cacodylic buffer (Cat. number C4945, Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA).
3
Synthesis and Characterization of PEG-Based Drug Delivery Systems
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
ε-Caprolactone (2-Oxepanone, CL, 97%, Aldrich, Poznan, Poland), zirconium(IV) acetylacetonate (tetrakis(2,4-pentanedionato)zirconium(IV), Zr(acac)4, 97%, Aldrich, Poznan, Poland), poly(ethylene glycol) 200 (PEG 200, Mn = 200 g/mol, pure, Fluka, Warsaw, Poland), poly(ethylene glycol) 600 (PEG 600, Mn = 600 g/mol, pure, Fluka, Warsaw, Poland), poly(ethylene glycol) 1000 (PEG 1000, Mn = 1000 g/mol, pure, Sigma-Aldrich, Poznan, Poland), poly(ethylene glycol) 1500 (PEG 1500, Mn = 1500 g/mol, pure, Sigma, Poznan, Poland), poly(ethylene glycol) 2000, (PEG 2000, Mn = 2000 g/mol, pure, TCI, Zwijndrecht, Belgium), dichloromethane (DCM, CH2Cl2, ≥99.8%, POCh, Gliwice, Poland), hydrochloric acid (HCl, ChemPur, Piekary Slaskie, Poland), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Warsaw, Poland), 5-fluorouracil (5-fluoropyrimidine-2,4-[1H,3H]-dione, 5-FU, 99%, Sigma-Aldrich, Poznan, Poland), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH = 7.40 ± 0.05, ChemPur, Piekary Slaskie, Poland), phosphate-buffered saline for cell cultures (PBS, GIBCO, Dublin, Ireland), acetonitrile (ACN, HPLC grade min. 99.9%, POCH, Gliwice, Poland) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, 99%, Sigma-Aldrich, Poznan, Poland). Prior to use, PEGs compounds were heated in a vacuum for 2 h at 80 °C to remove residual water. Other reagents were used as received.
4
Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Polymeric Carriers
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Glycolide (1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione, ≥99%, Sigma, Poznan, Poland), L,L-Lactide ((3S)-cis-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione, 98.0%, Aldrich Co., Poznan, Poland), poly(ethylene glycol) 600 (PEG 600, pure, Fluka, Warsaw, Poland), ZnEt2 solution (15% diethylzinc in toluene, Aldrich Co., Poznan, Poland), hydrochloric acid (HCl, ChemPur, Piekary Slaskie, Poland), methanol (pure, 99.9%, ChemPur, Piekary Slaskie, Poland), dichloromethane (DCM, CH2CL2, ≥99.8%, POCh, Gliwice, Poland), chloroform (pure, 99%, ChemPur, Piekary Slaskie, Poland), metoprolol tartrate (>98.0%, TCI, Tokyo, Japan), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.00 ± 0.05, ChemPur, Piekary Slaskie, Poland), Kalliphor® P 188 (Poloxamer 188, Lutrol® F68, Aldrich Co., Poznan, Poland) Poloxamer 407 (Aldrich Co., Poznan, Poland), PVP (Mw 40,000, Aldrich Co., Poznan, Poland), Tween 80 (viscous liquid, Aldrich Co., Poznan, Poland), Sodium alginate (Aldrich Co., Poznan, Poland), HPC (TCI, Tokyo, Japan), Liquid paraffin (ChemPur, Piekary Slaskie, Poland), Trifluoroacetate acid (TFA, ≥98%, Sigma, Poznan, Poland), n-heksan (99%, POCh, Gliwice, Poland), stock solution of Zn(II) (concentration 1000 mg/L, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), 65% nitric acid (HNO3, J.T. Baker, Deventer, Netherlands), dialysis membrane Spectra/Por 3 MWCO 3500 (Spectrum Laboratories, Inc., Gardena, CA, USA) were used as received.
5
Antioxidant and Enzyme Assay Protocol
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, bovine albumin serum (BSA), linoleic acid sodium salt (≥98%), quercetin, rutin, and soybean lipoxygenase were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Steinheim am Albuch, Germany); Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, gallic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, disodium phosphate, propylene glycol, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate from Merck, Darmstadt (Germany); sodium acetate anhydrous, potassium persulfate, potassium acetate, 99.5% acetic acid, 36% hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ethanol, methanol, acetone, and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; pH 7.00 ± 0.05) were from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland), whereas acetonitrile for HPLC was from J.T. Baker (Berlin, Germany). Hydroxyethylcellulose, 1,10-phenanthroline, and succinyl-alanyl-alanyl-prolyl-valine chloromethylketone (SPCK, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) were used as received. All reagents were of analytical grade.
6
Betulin Synthesis and Derivative Preparation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The following compounds were used for the preparation of betulin, and the synthesis of its derivatives: 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), acetic anhydride (Ac2O), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dichloromethane (DCM), palladium on carbon (10% Pd/C), pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC), 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA), lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4), tert-butyl(chloro)diphenylsilane (TBDPSCl), purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Steinheim am Albuch, Germany), KOH, hexane, methanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, MgSO4, ethanol, purchased from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). All reagents were of analytical grade.
For the determination of the antioxidant activity and to assess the skin permeation of the compounds obtained: acetonitrile for HPLC was from J.T. Baker (Berlin, Germany). 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (TE), were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and gallic acid (GA), were from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), potassium persulfate and chloride, sodium chloride, methanol, ethanol, acetone and phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH = 7.4) were purchased from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). All reagents were of analytical grade.
For the determination of the antioxidant activity and to assess the skin permeation of the compounds obtained: acetonitrile for HPLC was from J.T. Baker (Berlin, Germany). 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (TE), were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and gallic acid (GA), were from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), potassium persulfate and chloride, sodium chloride, methanol, ethanol, acetone and phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH = 7.4) were purchased from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). All reagents were of analytical grade.
7
Spectrophotometric Determination of Metal Ions
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Xylenol Orange (cat. no. chem*237045902*5g) was obtained from Polish Chemical Reagents (POCh, Gliwice, Poland), perchloric acid (HClO4; cat. no. chem*115649402*1l) was purchased from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS: 145 mM NaCl, 1.9 mM NaH2PO4, 8.1 mM Na2HPO4, cat. no. PBS405) was obtained from Lab Empire (Rzeszów, Poland). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium + GlutaMax (DMEM+GlutaMax) (cat. no. 21885-025) and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (cat. no. 12430-054) and Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS) (cat. no. 14040-117) were purchased from Thermofisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). All other reagents, if not mentioned otherwise, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Corp. (St. Louis, MO, USA) and were of analytical grade. Distilled water was purified using a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). In cell free system analysis absorptiometric measurements were done in a Spark multimode microplate reader (Tecan Group Ltd., Männedorf, Switzerland). Distilled water was purified using a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!