Materials. Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, 99%), copper nitrate trihydrate (Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, 99%), TAA, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), nitric acid (HNO3), methylene blue (MB, ≥82%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (China). DATS (≥98%) was bought from Beijing Jin Ming Biotechnology Co., Ltd. BSA, GSH, 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), terephthalic acid (TPA) and 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. No further purification for all used reagents were operated. The catalog numbers of reagents: Bi(NO3)3·5H2O (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 80018318), Cu(NO3)2·3H2O (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 10007916), TAA (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 30177714), DMSO (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 30072428), DATS (Beijing Jin Ming Biotechnology Co., Ltd, catalog number: D60006), nitric acid (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 10014528), BSA (Sigma-Aldrich, B265993-25g), MB (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog numbers: 71024544), GSH (Sigma-Aldrich, G105427-5g), 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (Sigma-Aldrich, T100417), TPA (Sigma-Aldrich, P108506-100g), 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (Sigma-Aldrich, D105559).
5 5 dithiobis 2 nitrobenzoic acid
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, India, China, Italy, United Kingdom, Japan, Spain, Israel, Canada, Argentina
5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) is a chemical compound used in various laboratory applications. It is a solid, crystalline substance with a specific chemical structure and formula. The primary function of this compound is to serve as a reagent in analytical and biochemical procedures, without further interpretation of its intended use.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetylthiocholine iodide, by Merck Group (83 mentions)
Thiobarbituric acid, by Merck Group (54 mentions)
Bovine serum albumin (bsa), by Merck Group (51 mentions)
Trichloroacetic acid, by Merck Group (48 mentions)
Hydrogen peroxide, by Merck Group (28 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (26 mentions)
1 chloro 2 4 dinitrobenzene, by Merck Group (25 mentions)
Acetylcholinesterase, by Merck Group (24 mentions)
Glutathione (gsh), by Merck Group (24 mentions)
Reduced glutathione, by Merck Group (24 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (23 mentions)
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (20 mentions)
2 4 dinitrophenylhydrazine, by Merck Group (19 mentions)
Glutathione reductase, by Merck Group (17 mentions)
2 thiobarbituric acid, by Merck Group (16 mentions)
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, by Merck Group (16 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (14 mentions)
Nadph, by Merck Group (14 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (14 mentions)
Quercetin, by Merck Group (13 mentions)
375 protocols using 5 5 dithiobis 2 nitrobenzoic acid
1
Bismuth-Copper Nanoparticle Synthesis Protocol
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Materials. Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, 99%), copper nitrate trihydrate (Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, 99%), TAA, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), nitric acid (HNO3), methylene blue (MB, ≥82%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (China). DATS (≥98%) was bought from Beijing Jin Ming Biotechnology Co., Ltd. BSA, GSH, 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), terephthalic acid (TPA) and 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. No further purification for all used reagents were operated. The catalog numbers of reagents: Bi(NO3)3·5H2O (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 80018318), Cu(NO3)2·3H2O (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 10007916), TAA (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 30177714), DMSO (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 30072428), DATS (Beijing Jin Ming Biotechnology Co., Ltd, catalog number: D60006), nitric acid (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 10014528), BSA (Sigma-Aldrich, B265993-25g), MB (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog numbers: 71024544), GSH (Sigma-Aldrich, G105427-5g), 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (Sigma-Aldrich, T100417), TPA (Sigma-Aldrich, P108506-100g), 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (Sigma-Aldrich, D105559).
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Materials. Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, 99%), copper nitrate trihydrate (Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, 99%), TAA, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), nitric acid (HNO3), methylene blue (MB, ≥82%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (China). DATS (≥98%) was bought from Beijing Jin Ming Biotechnology Co., Ltd. BSA, GSH, 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), terephthalic acid (TPA) and 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. No further purification for all used reagents were operated. The catalog numbers of reagents: Bi(NO3)3·5H2O (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 80018318), Cu(NO3)2·3H2O (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 10007916), TAA (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 30177714), DMSO (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 30072428), DATS (Beijing Jin Ming Biotechnology Co., Ltd, catalog number: D60006), nitric acid (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog number: 10014528), BSA (Sigma-Aldrich, B265993-25g), MB (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, catalog numbers: 71024544), GSH (Sigma-Aldrich, G105427-5g), 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (Sigma-Aldrich, T100417), TPA (Sigma-Aldrich, P108506-100g), 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (Sigma-Aldrich, D105559).
2
Inhibition of AChE and GSK-3β Activities
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Acetylcholine iodide (ACh),
butyrylthiocholine chloride (BCh), electric eel AChE (EC 3.1.1.7),
horse serum BChE (EC 3.1.1.8), 5,5′-dithiobis[2-nitrobenzoic
acid], quercetin, and berberine were purchased from E. Merck, Fluka,
or Sigma, unless otherwise stated. BACE1 fluorescence resonance energy
transfer (FRET) assay kits (β-secretase) were purchased from
Pan Vera Co. (Madison, WI). Human recombinant GSK-3β was obtained
from ProSpec (ProSpec-Tany TechnoGene Ltd., Ness-Ziona, Israel). The
GSM substrate mimicking muscle glycogen synthase was purchased from
Merck Millipore (Millipore Corporation, CA). Kinase-Glo kits were
obtained from Promega (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI). Adenosine
5-triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt hydrate, ammonium hydroxide, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)
piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), ammonium acetate, formic
acid, ethylene glycol-bis(aminoethylether)-N,N,N,N-tetra acetic acid
tetra sodium salt (EGTA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylenediaminetetraacetic
acid (EDTA), amyloid-β protein fragments (Aβ1–40/42), thioflavin T, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), and magnesium
acetate tetrahydrate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis,
MO). All chemicals and solvents from commercial sources were of reagent
grade.
butyrylthiocholine chloride (BCh), electric eel AChE (EC 3.1.1.7),
horse serum BChE (EC 3.1.1.8), 5,5′-dithiobis[2-nitrobenzoic
acid], quercetin, and berberine were purchased from E. Merck, Fluka,
or Sigma, unless otherwise stated. BACE1 fluorescence resonance energy
transfer (FRET) assay kits (β-secretase) were purchased from
Pan Vera Co. (Madison, WI). Human recombinant GSK-3β was obtained
from ProSpec (ProSpec-Tany TechnoGene Ltd., Ness-Ziona, Israel). The
GSM substrate mimicking muscle glycogen synthase was purchased from
Merck Millipore (Millipore Corporation, CA). Kinase-Glo kits were
obtained from Promega (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI). Adenosine
5-triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt hydrate, ammonium hydroxide, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)
piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), ammonium acetate, formic
acid, ethylene glycol-bis(aminoethylether)-N,N,N,N-tetra acetic acid
tetra sodium salt (EGTA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethylenediaminetetraacetic
acid (EDTA), amyloid-β protein fragments (Aβ1–40/42), thioflavin T, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), and magnesium
acetate tetrahydrate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis,
MO). All chemicals and solvents from commercial sources were of reagent
grade.
3
Analytical Methods for Pesticide Detection
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Acetylthiocholine iodide, 5,5’-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) were obtained from Merck (Germany), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), tris base, 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (MDA), 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ), n-butanol, acetic acid, FeCl3-6H2O, benzethonium chloride (Hyamine® 1622), and phosphate buffer were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Analytical grade forms of CHP, DIA and MAL were obtained from local pesticide manufacturing companies. IMOD and ANG were supplied by Rose-Pharmed (Iran). The enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were purchased from Bender MedSystem (Germany).
4
Quantification of Glutathione Redox Status
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Reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSH) contents were determined as described by Griffith48 (link). GSH was oxidized by 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (Merck) to form GSSH and 5-thio-2-nitrobenzene. GSSH was then reduced to GSH by glutathione reductase and NADPH. Leaf tissues (200 mg), ground with a mortar and pestle in liquid nitrogen, were centrifuged at 15,000g for 15 min at 4 °C with 2.5 ml of 2.5% trichloroacetic acid. A supernatant (0.3 ml) was then used to assay total glutathione (GSH + GSSH). A further 0.3 ml of supernatant was pretreated with 6 μl of 2-vinylpyridine (Merck) for 60 min at 20 °C to mask GSH by derivatization. Both types of sample (0.1 ml each) were mixed with 0.7 ml of 0.3 mM NADPH, 0.1 ml of 6 mM 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and 0.1 ml of glutathione reductase (50 units ml−1). Absorbance at 412 nm was recorded after 5 min at room temperature. The total glutathione (GSH + GSSH) and GSSH contents were calculated using a standard curve and expressed as μmol per g (fresh weight). GSH content was calculated from the difference between total glutathione and GSSH.
5
Comprehensive Biochemical Analysis Protocol
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All reagents and chemicals were analytical grades. Trizma base, hydrochloric acid, 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid), physostigmine, acetylthiocholine iodide, and acetylcholinesterase were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The COX-2 Inhibitor Screening Kit was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). LC-MS grade acetonitrile, LC-MS grade methanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, catechin, sodium nitrite, aluminum chloride, sodium hydroxide, gallic acid, 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH), iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, and formic acid used were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, sodium acetate solution, sodium carbonate, and 2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ) were purchased from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA, USA). Finally, 2,2′-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid) was purchased from Roche (Basel, Switzerland), and the water used was Milli-Q type obtained from Millipore purification equipment (Billerica, MA, USA).
6
Egg-white Protein Extraction and Characterization
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Egg-white (hen’s egg, pH 7.25, food grade, protein 86%) was a gift from DKSH (Bangkok, Thailand) Limited. Inulin (Fuji FF inulin, degree of polymerisation > 14) was obtained from Fuji Nihon Thai Inulin Company, Limited (Bangkok, Thailand). Strawberry concentrate (strawberry squash, 56.7°Brix, pH 2.62) was purchased from Doi Kham Food Products Co., Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand. Citric acid and malic acid were purchased from Krungthepchemi Co., Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand. Ellman’s reagent (5,5′-Dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid)) was purchased from Merck Ltd. (Darmstadt, Germany). The 8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (fluorescence probe) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan).
7
Oxidative Stress Assays Protocol
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Bovine serum albumin, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), and thiobarbituric acid were purchased from Sigma (St Louis, Missouri). Pyrogallol, hydrogen peroxide, and 5-5’-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) were procured from E-Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). All additional chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade and purchased from various commercial sources.
8
Malathion Toxicity Evaluation Protocol
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In this study, technical malathion 99% was purchased from Ariashimi Company, and the stock solution with a concentration of 50 mg/ml was freshly prepared in normal saline 0.9%. TBA (thiobarbituric acid), DTNB [5, 5 dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid)], KCL (potassium chloride), phosphoric acid, TCA (trichloroacetic acid), n-butanol were purchased from Merck company (Germany). Ascorbic Acid and reduced GSH were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, Missouri, USA). All other chemicals used in this study were of the highest purity available and purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Germany).
9
Oxidative Stress Pathway Assay
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5,5´-Dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB), 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA), HCl, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (Na2EDTA), tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (Trizma base), phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Everolimus (EVR), streptozotocin, and acetylthiocholine iodide were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, USA).
10
Biochemical Assays for Clinical Diagnostics
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Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, epinephrine bitartrate, hydrogen peroxide, trichloroacetic acid, 5, 5-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid), thiobarbituric acid, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and O-dianisidine were procured from Merck and S.D. Fine chemicals private limited. Creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total protein and sodium assay kits (auto analyzer) were procured from Span Diagnostics Ltd., Gujarat, India.
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