Whatman cellulose filter paper

Manufactured by Cytiva

Whatman cellulose filter paper is a laboratory filter paper made from high-quality cellulose. It is designed for general filtration applications in research and analytical laboratories.

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Lab products found in correlation

Aanalyst 200, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)

6 protocols using whatman cellulose filter paper

Measurement of Larval Body Parts

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We measured M and HPC of D. gaucha larva [12 , 35 ]. We measured length and width of M in micrometers (μm). Only the length (μm) of HPC was measured. HPC width changes notably at the two ends (Fig 4). This Fig 4 agrees almost exactly with Fig 1 published by Alvarez et al. [22 ]. However, Fig 1 in Alvarez et al. [22 ] contains some inaccuracies mainly in the names; these were corrected as shown in Fig 4 of the present manuscript. Table 3 describes the measurements performed on 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168 and 192-hour-old larvae, covering the entirely larval period (N = 50 larvae per age and genotypic group). The goal was evaluate the effect of hybridization between the BA and CJ parental strains on the growth of those body parts.
The larvae were randomly collected and sacrificed by placing in phosphate-buffered saline PBS 0.1 M^-1. Once dead, the larvae remained completely extended. The larvae were individually collected from the buffer and dried by depositing them on Whatman cellulose filter paper. Then, M and HPC were dissected and mounted as described by Frías et al. [35 ]. For this task we used a stereomicroscope Leica MZ6 at 20 x magnification.

Alvarez E., Del Pino F., Jara L, & Godoy-Herrera R. (2017). The genetics and development of mandibles and hypopharyngeal sclerite and cornua in larvae of Drosophila gaucha. PLoS ONE, 12(10), e0185054.

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Quantifying Heavy Metal Contamination in Plants

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Plant samples were collected with appropriate permissions and that all plant experiments were conducted in accordance to relevant regulations and guidelines. Washing with distilled water was used to clean plants from soil particles [23 ]. The plant samples were dried at 60 °C for 48 h before grinding [23 ]. 2 g of the samples were placed in a 50 mL porcelain dish. Then, 10 mL HNO₃ (68% w/w) was poured into the dish and heated for oxidation on a hot plate for 30–45 min. 2 mL HClO₃ (37% w/w) was added to the sample after cooling and reheating to obtain a clear, semi-dry solution. The sample was then cooled and passed through grade 42 Whatman® cellulose filter paper. Then, it was transferred to a 50-mL volume balloon to reach the desired volume, and distilled water was added [24 ,25 ]. Analysis of heavy metal concentrations in the plant was performed from three parts: root, stem, and leaf. Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe, Zn, and Cu were selected to assay the contamination. Heavy metal concentration measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (Perkin-Elmer® AAnalyst 200). The concentrations of the measured metals were compared with the permissible limits of valid international standards. Then the severity of pollution due to the presence of leachate on the surrounding environment is measured by BF, PI, and Nemerow Pollution Index (NPI) [26 ].

Hosseini Beinabaj S.M., Heydariyan H., Mohammad Aleii H, & Hosseinzadeh A. (2023). Concentration of heavy metals in leachate, soil, and plants in Tehran’s landfill: Investigation of the effect of landfill age on the intensity of pollution. Heliyon, 9(1), e13017.

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Isolation of Pine Bark Proanthocyanidins

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P. eldarica proanthocyanidins was obtained according to the method used by Iravani (15 ). Briefly, 100 g of pine bark powder extracted with 600 ml of boiling water, and then cooled down to 20°C. After filtration, 250 ml of liquid was collected; certain amount of sodium chloride was added up to saturation, and the precipitate formed was removed by filtration on Whatman® cellulose filter paper. Subsequently, the filtrate was extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate phase was collected and dried using anhydrous sodium sulfate and reduced to 1/5 of its original volume using a rotary evaporator. The extract was then poured into three volumes of chloroform, while stirring mechanically. The proanthocyanidins were precipitated as a light beige color powder, collected by filtration and stored at −20°C. All chemicals used were of analytical grade purity (Merck, Germany).

Sadeghi M., Zolfaghari B., Jahanian-Najafabadi A, & Abtahi S.R. (2016). Anti-pseudomonas activity of essential oil, total extract, and proanthocyanidins of Pinus eldarica Medw. bark. Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11(1), 58-64.

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Extraction of Plant Phytochemicals

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The leaves of the plants were cleaned and air-dried to a constant weight and the dried samples were pulverised using an electronic blender, grounded, and weighed. The powdered plant materials in conical flasks were soaked and subjected to intermittent stirring in 90% aqueous acetone and warmed in the water bath at 60 °C for 2 h with slight modification [22 (link)]. The mixture was filtered with Whatman cellulose filter paper under pressure using a pump and the plant material was subjected to a second extraction after soaking overnight and the filtrate pooled before rotary evaporation. The final residue or extract obtained was allowed to dry in the fume cupboard and stored at −20 °C until required for use. (1 mg extract dissolved in 1 ml acetone is used in subsequent analysis).

Akinyede K.A., Hughes G.D., Ekpo O.E, & Oguntibeju O.O. (2022). Comparative Study of the Antioxidant Constituents, Activities and the GC-MS Quantification and Identification of Fatty Acids of Four Selected Helichrysum Species. Plants, 11(8), 998.

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Histone H3.3 Methylation Assay

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Chaetocin was tested in 10-dose IC₅₀ mode with 3-fold serial dilution starting at 10 μM at Reaction Biology (Malvern, PA). Reactions were carried out with recombinant histone H3.3 (5 μM), recombinant SETD1B protein (5 μM), and [³H]S-adenosyl-L-methionine (1 μM) in reaction buffer (50 mM Tris-HCI, pH 8.5, 50 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCI2, 1 mM DTT, 1 mM PMSF, and 1% DMSO). Reaction mixtures were incubated for 60 min at 30°C and then spotted onto a Whatman cellulose filter paper and counted in a scintillation counter.

Redd P.S., Ibrahim M.L., Klement J.D., Sharman S.K., Paschall A.V., Yang D., Nayak-Kapoor A, & Liu K. (2017). SETD1B activates iNOS expression in myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Cancer research, 77(11), 2834-2843.

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Acetone Extraction of Plant Bioactives

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As previously reported by Nas et al. (2019), the leaves of the plants were cleaned and air-dried to a constant weight. The dried plant sample was pulverized using an electronic blender, and the ground plant was weighed. The powdered plant materials were soaked in 90% aqueous acetone in conical flasks, subjected to intermittent stirring, and warmed in the water bath at 60 °C for 2 h [27 (link)]. The mixture was filtered through Whatman cellulose filter paper under pressure using a pump. The plant material was subjected to a second extraction by soaking overnight, and the filtrates were pooled together before being subjected to a rotary evaporator. The residue or extract obtained was allowed to dry in the fume cupboard. The residual extracts were stored at −20 °C until required for use. A percentage yield of 6.3% was obtained after 97.6 g of plant material underwent the extraction process to give 6.155 g of the extract.

Akinyede K.A., Oyewusi H.A., Hughes G.D., Ekpo O.E, & Oguntibeju O.O. (2021). In Vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Diabetic Potential of Aqueous Acetone Helichrysum petiolare Extract (AAHPE) with Molecular Docking Relevance in Diabetes Mellitus. Molecules, 27(1), 155.

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