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4 protocols using cd4 sk3

1

Cytokine-Stimulated Dendritic Cell Characterization

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The following flow cytometry detection antibodies were purchased from the indicated manufacturers, BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, USA: 7AAD, CD45 (HI30), CD3 (SP34-2), CD56 (NCAM16.2), CD8 (RPA-T8), and CD4 (SK3); BioLegend, CA, USA: CD96 (6F9), CD112R, CD80, CD83, CD86, and CD14; and Elabscience, Wuhan, China: CD40 and HLA-DR. The protein levels were detected using anti-CD96, anti-p-Akt, anti-Akt, anti-p-ERK, anti-ERK, and anti-GAPDH Abs and horseradish peroxidase- (HRP-) conjugated anti-mouse/rabbit IgG (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA, USA). DCs were stimulated using interleukin- (IL-) 4, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-1β cytokines (PeproTech, New Jersey, USA) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (Selleck, Shanghai, China). X-vivo complete medium contains X-vivo medium (Lonza, Switzerland), 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco, Carlsbad, CA, USA), GlutaMAX (Gibco), 100 U/mL rhIL-2 (R&D, Minnesota, USA), and 100 U/mL penicillin-streptomycin solution (Gibco), and RPMI 1640 complete medium (Gibco) also consists of 10% FBS and 100 U/mL penicillin-streptomycin.
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Isolation and Purification of TREG and TRESP Cells

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors were purified using Ficoll-Paque separation (Biochrom). CD4+ cells were enriched by magnetic-activated cell sorting (Miltenyi) according to manufacturer's instructions (purity>90%). For fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS Aria II, BD) of CD4+CD25highCD127low TREG and CD4+CD25 TRESP, cells were stained with CD4 (SK3, Biolegend), CD25 (2A3, BD), and CD127 (R34.34, Beckman Coulter). Post-FACSort analysis by flow cytometry yielded CD25+FoxP3+ TCELL purity of >95%.
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3

Suppression of T cell activation by Tregs

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Assays were performed as described by Canavan et al. (5 (link)). Briefly, CFSE-labeled TRESP were co-cultured with autologous TREG at TRESP/TREG ratios ranging from 1:1 to 32:1. In two parallel setups, cells were either stimulated with αCD3/28-coated microbeads (Dynabeads® Human T-Activator CD3/CD28, Thermo Fisher Scientific) at a bead/cell ratio of 0.2 adjusted to the TRESP cell number per well (5 (link), 6 (link)) or adapting the ratio of 0.2 to the total cell number per well including TREG. Stimulated and unstimulated TRESP without TREG were included as controls. For the microbead titration, TRESP were cultured alone at bead/TRESP ratios ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 (mimicking the presence of TREG). αCD154 (24–31) was added at start of incubation. Cells were incubated at 37°C for 7 h. All cell cultures were performed in X-Vivo-15 medium supplemented with 10% FCS (Lonza & Biochrom) and 100 IU/ml Penicillin/Streptomycin. After harvesting, cells were stained with CD3 (OKT3), CD4 (SK3), CD137 (4B4-4), and CD69 (FN50), all Biolegend. Dead cells were excluded (LIFE/DEADTM Fixable Blue Dead Cell Stain Kit, Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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4

Immunophenotyping of PBMC in Ipilimumab Trial

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Blood was collected at four time points: baseline (week 1) prior to administration of ipilimumab, prior to third cycle of ipilimumab (week 7), after completion of ipilimumab (week 12), and at disease progression or week 24. Blood was obtained by venipuncture and collected in acid-citrate-dextrose tubes (BD Vacutainer). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation (GE Healthcare), resuspended in a 90% FBS (Gemini) and 10% DMSO (Sigma-Aldrich) solution, and cryopreserved in vapor phase liquid nitrogen until batch testing.
Cellular analysis of immune cell subsets in isolated PBMCs was performed by polychromatic flow cytometry. For cell staining, thawed cells were first incubated with a Zombie viability dye (BioLegend) to detect dying cells, followed by a surface stain procedure with an antibody cocktail consisting of anti-CD3 (SK7; BD), CD4 (SK3; BioLegend), CD8 (SK1; BD), PD-1 (EH12.2H7; BioLegend), TIM-3 (7D3; BD), HLA-DR (G46–6; BD), CD56 (HCD56; BioLegend), CD19 (HIB19; BioLegend), CD16 (3G8; BD), CD11b (M1/70; BD), CD14 (M5E2; BD), and CD33 (P67.6; BioLegend). The unbound antibodies were washed out by centrifugation and stained cells were fixed with 1% paraformaldehyde prior to acquisition on an LSR Fortessa flow cytometer (BD Biosciences), and data were analyzed using Flowjo software (BD Biosciences).
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