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Potassium ferrocyanide k4 fe cn 6

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom, Canada

Potassium ferrocyanide (K4[Fe(CN)6]) is a yellow crystalline compound that is widely used in various laboratory and industrial applications. It is a soluble salt of ferrocyanic acid, with the chemical formula K4[Fe(CN)6]. Potassium ferrocyanide is a stable, non-flammable, and non-toxic compound that is commonly used as a reagent and analytical tool in various scientific and technical fields.

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27 protocols using potassium ferrocyanide k4 fe cn 6

1

Functionalized carbon nanotube-based biosensing

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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) (outer diameter: 6–13 nm, length: 2.5–20 μm, purity >98%), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and hydroquinone (HQ) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Ethanol and sodium chloride (NaCl) were obtained from J.T. Baker and Mallinckrodt, respectively. Potassium ferrocyanide (K4Fe(CN)6) and potassium ferricyanide (K3Fe(CN)6) were acquired from Merck. Polysorbate 20 (Tween 20) were purchased from Parafarm. Hydrogen peroxide (30% v/v aqueous solution) was obtained from Cicarelli. Avidin (Av) from egg white (catalog number A-2667), streptavidin (Strep) (catalog number 434302), and biotinylated horseradish peroxidase (bHRP) (catalog number 432040) were supplied by Invitrogen. DNA sequences, purchased from GenScript company, are as follows:
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2

Analytical Grade Chemicals for Research

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The chemicals used during the experiments were of analytical grade and were not further purified before usage. Graphite rods (6 mm diameter, 99.995% purity); potassium chloride (KCl, 99.98%); sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4, 100%) and di-sodium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous (Na2HPO4, 99.7%) were supplied by VWR Chemicals (Leuven, Belgium). Sodium acetate anhydrous (CH3COONa, ≥99.0%); ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4, ≥99.0%), sodium chloride (NaCl, 99.5%); sodium carbonate anhydrous (Na2CO3, 99.3%), magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2∙6H2O, 99–102%); magnesium sulphate (MgSO4, 99%); magnesium nitrate hexahydrate (Mg(NO3)2∙6H2O, 99%) were provided by REACTIVUL Bucuresti (Bucharest, Romania). Potassium ferrocyanide K4[Fe(CN)6] and L(+)-Ascorbic acid (C6H8O6, AA, ≥99%) were acquired from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Sodium acetate anhydrous (CH3COONa, ≥99.0%) was purchased from ChimReactiv SRL (Bucharest, Romania). N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was acquired from Fluka Chemie GmbH (Buchs, Switzerland), while boric acid (H3BO3, 99%) was provided by Andra Chim SRL (Bucharest, Romania). The MQuant® Nitrite Test (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) was employed for UV-Vis investigation of nitrite solutions. Deionized water with a resistivity of at least 18.2 MΩ × cm was used to prepare all solutions.
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3

Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene

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Potassium ferrocyanide-K4[Fe(CN)6] and potassium chloride (KCl) were purchased from Merck (Germany). N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was bought from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was purchased from the Cayman Chemical Company. For the synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene the following chemicals were used: graphene oxide, prepared using a modified Hummers method as previously reported [42 (link)], and urea (Alfa-Aesar, Germany).
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4

Electrochemical Exfoliation of Graphite

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8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company. Boric acid (H3BO3), sodium chloride (NaCl), monobasic sodium phosphate (NaH2PO4), and dibasic sodium phosphate (Na2HPO4) were bought from REACTIVUL Bucuresti (Bucharest, Romania). Potassium ferrocyanide K4[Fe(CN)6] and KCl were purchased from Merck. Dimethylformamide (DMF) was purchased from JTBaker (HPLC grade). High-purity (99.9995%) graphite rods were employed for electrochemical exfoliation and were bought from Alfa-Aesar (Kandel, Germany).
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5

Indole-based Nanomaterial Synthesis

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Indole (Distilled), hydrochloric acid and potassium ferrocyanide [K4Fe(CN)6] were purchased from Merck, India. Chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) was gotten from SRL, Sisco India Ltd. KMnO4, H2SO4 and dimethyl formamide (DMF) were purchased from Central Drug House, India. Glucose oxidase (GOx) (Activity 100,000–150,000 units g−1 protein) from Aspergillus niger, the ferritin (10 mg mL−1 in 0.15 M NaCl) from stallion spleen, glutaraldehyde and graphene utilized were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals, India. Phosphate buffers of pH 5.0 and 7.0 (Otto Pvt. Ltd. India), and D-(+)-glucose anhydrous (Himedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. India) were utilized as gotten. All other reagents utilized were of analytical grade. Distilled water was utilized all through the tests.
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6

Synthesis of Nanocomposite Biosensor

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Hemp
fiber was provided as a gift from a local farm in Thailand. Chemical
reagents including sodium hydroxide (NaOH; 98%), hydrogen peroxide
(H2O2), potassium ferricyanide K3[Fe(CN)6], and potassium ferrocyanide K4[Fe(CN)6] were purchased from Merck Darmstadt, Germany. Sodium sulfate
anhydrous (Na2SO4) was obtained from Elago Enterprises
Pty, Co., Ltd. PVA with a molecular weight of 100,000 g/mol was purchased
from Chem-Supply Pty, Ltd., Australia. Glutaraldehyde solution (25%
of concentration) for the synthesis (C5H8O2) was obtained from ITW Reagents, S.R.L., Co. Ltd., Germany.
Silver nitrate (AgNO3), lactate oxidase (LOx) from Aerococcus viridans, sodium DL-lactate, and phosphate
buffer (PB, 0.1 M, pH 7.4) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis,
MO, USA). Potassium chloride (KCl) was purchased from Ajax Fine Chem,
Co., Ltd. All chemicals were of analytical grade and used as received
without further purification.
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7

Aptamer-Based HER2 Oncomarker Detection

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The pencil graphite type HB with a diameter of 2.0 mm was purchased from Rotring Co. Ltd, Germany. 3-Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), N-HydroxySuccinimide (NHS), Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), Human Serum Albumin (HSA) 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), Rhodium(III) Chloride (RhCl3, 98%), and HER2 ELISA assay Kit (for serum, plasma, urine, and etc.) was procured from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Potassium ferricyanide (k3Fe(CN)6), and Potassium ferrocyanide (K4Fe(CN)6) were obtained from Merck, Germany. Anti-HER2 aptamer specifically bind to HER2-ECD oncomarker was obtained from Bio Basic Inc, Canada. The sequence of Amine-terminated HER2 DNA aptamer (Apt) consists of 54-mer oligonucleotide bases is 5′-(NH2-(CH2)6-GGG CCG TCG AAC ACG AGC ATG GTG CGT GGA CCT AGG ATG ACC TGA GTA CTG TCC)-3′. This anti-HER2 DNA aptamer sequence was selected by serial evolution of ligands in vitro by exponential enrichment (SELEX) process51 (link),55 (link). The recombinant human HER2/ErBb2/CD340 oncomarker was procured from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4 98%), Hydrochloric Acid (HCl 37%), and Ethanol (99.8%), were purchased from Merck, Germany. Other analytical grade reagents were obtained of the highest level of purity and all required solutions were prepared from double distilled water.
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8

Graphene Oxide-Based Aptamer Biosensor

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The CFX aminated aptamers used in this experiment have been obtained from Bioneer (South Korea) with the following sequences:23 (link)(5′-NH2 modified) 5′-ATACCAGCTTATTCAATTGCAGGGTATCTGAGGCTTGA
TCTACTAAATGTCGTGGGGCATTGCTATTGGCGTTGATACGTACAATCGTAA
TCAGTTAG-3′.
The polyethyleneimine (PEI, branched, Mw 10 000) and graphene oxide (GO) powder were ordered from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). Tris–HCl (hydroxymethyl), MCH (mercaptoethanol), disodium hydrogen orthophosphate, potassium ferrocyanide K4Fe(CN)6, potassium ferricyanide K3Fe(CN)6, hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(iii) hydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O), potassium chloride (KCl), serine, valine, cysteine, methionine, and glutamine were acquired from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Supporting electrolyte was freshly prepared at pH = 7.4 in concentration of 0.01 M K4Fe(CN)6/K3Fe(CN)6 (1 : 1) with 0.1 M KCl solution. Other reagents and chemicals were of analytical grade and utilized without further purification. Local and pasteurized milk samples from different supermarkets were randomly collected in Tabriz, Iran.
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9

Electrochemical Sensing of Sunset Yellow

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All chemicals were of analytical grade and used directly, without further purification. Sunset yellow (SY) -E110 (C 16 H 10 N 2 Na 2 O 7 S 2 ), glacial acetic acid (CH 3 eCOOH, 99.85%), potassium chloride (KCl, 99.98%), graphite rods (6 mm diameter, 99.995% purity) and graphite powder (code 2828263-1 Kg) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). High quality chitosan powder with minimum 90% deacetylation degree (DD) was obtained from MOLEKULA Ltd. (United Kingdom). Methanol HPLC grade and ethanol were purchased from Alfa-Aesar (Germany). Potassium ferrocyanide K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] was purchased from Merck (Germany). Monobasic sodium phosphate (NaH 2 PO 4 $H 2 O) and dibasic sodium phosphate (Na 2 HPO 4 $12H 2 O) were obtained from REACTIVUL Bucuresti (Romania). All acetate buffer solutions (pH 3.6; 4.4 and 5.0) and phosphate buffer saline -PBS (pH 6.0; 7.0 and 8.0) were prepared using ultrapure water (18.2 MU) obtained from a Milli-Q water purification system. For the calibration plots, a stock solution of 10 À4 M SY was prepared in pH 6 PBS buffer and subsequently diluted to obtain lower concentrations (down to 1 Â 10 À7 M). All the experiments were performed at room temperature.
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10

Electrochemical Prussian Blue Sensor

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Sodium azide, potassium ferrocyanide
(K4[Fe(CN)6]), 30% HCl,
FeCl3, soluble Prussian blue nanoparticles, ascorbic
acid, and chloroform were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). KCl,
NaCl, Na2HPO4, and
KH2PO4 were purchased from
Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). H2O235% w/w was obtained from Alfa Aesar (Kandel, Germany), and ferricyanide
(K3Fe(CN)6) from AppliChem,
PanReac (Darmstadt, Germany). Phosphate buffer saline (PBS) was prepared using
high-purity, 18.2 MΩ cm resistivity, Milli-Q water. PBS (pH 7.4) comprised
130.9 mM NaCl, 5.1 mM Na2HPO4, and
1.5 mM KH2PO4.
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