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Zinc formalin

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Zinc formalin is a fixative solution used in histology and pathology laboratories. It contains zinc sulfate and formalin as the primary components. The primary function of zinc formalin is to preserve tissue samples by cross-linking proteins and maintaining the structural integrity of the specimen. It is commonly used for the fixation and preservation of tissues prior to further processing and analysis.

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Lab products found in correlation

Lab tek 2 chamber slide, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Proteinase inhibitor cocktail, by Roche (1 mentions) Microfire digital camera, by Olympus (1 mentions) Scn400 slide scanner, by Leica (1 mentions) Serum monovette, by Sarstedt (1 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

Zinc buffered formalin Richard-Allan Scientific™ Buffered Zinc Formalin Zinc-buffered formalin fixative Formalin

16 protocols using zinc formalin

1

Tumor Graft Immunohistochemical Analysis

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Harvested tumor grafts were fixed in 10% zinc-formalin (Fisher Scientific) at room temperature overnight, then transferred to 70% ethanol for paraffin embedding. Immunohistochemical staining for Ki67 and cleaved caspase-3 was performed on serial sections. Whole slide digital imaging was analyzed using QuPath software for positive cell counts, using sigma level 2.0 and threshold level 0.3 [17 (link)].
Dudzinski S.O., Cameron B.D., Wang J., Rathmell J.C., Giorgio T.D, & Kirschner A.N. (2019). Combination immunotherapy and radiotherapy causes an abscopal treatment response in a mouse model of castration resistant prostate cancer. Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer, 7, 218.
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2

Comprehensive Cardiac Tissue Collection and Analysis

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At d7 post-MI, all surviving mice were sacrificed, and the LV was collected as described previously [22 (link)]. Mice were anesthetized with 1–2% isoflurane in an oxygen mix, and blood was collected from the common carotid artery 5 min after heparin administration (4 U/g body weight, i.p.). The heparinized blood was immediately centrifuged for collection of plasma. Proteinase inhibitor cocktail (Roche, 50-720-4060, 1×) was added to the plasma, which was stored at −80 °C.
For tissue collection, the heart was flushed with cardioplegic solution (NaCl, 69 mM; NaHCO3, 12 mM; glucose, 11 mM; 2,3-butanedione monoxime, 30 mM; EGTA, 10 mM; Nifedipine, 0.001 mM; KCl, 50 mM) to arrest the heart in diastole. LV and right ventricle (RV) were separated and weighed individually. Lung and tibia were collected and weighed. The LV was sliced into apex, middle, and base sections, stained with 1% 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetra-zolium chloride (Sigma), and imaged for calculation of infarct area. The LV infarct (LVI) was calculated using Photoshop (Adobe) and is presented as percentage of infarct area to total LV area [16 (link)]. The LVI and LVC were separated and individually snap frozen and stored at −80 °C for real- time RT2-PCR analysis or immunoblotting analysis. The LV middle section was fixed in 10% zinc formalin (Fisher Scientific), paraffin-embedded, and sectioned for histological examination.
Jung M., Ma Y., Iyer R.P., DeLeon-Pennell K.Y., Yabluchiansky A., Garrett M.R, & Lindsey M.L. (2017). IL-10 improves cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction by stimulating M2 macrophage polarization and fibroblast activation. Basic research in cardiology, 112(3), 33.
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3

Histological Evaluation of Lung and Placenta

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Lungs (right lobes) after BAL were perfused via the cannulated trachea and fixed in 10 % zinc formalin (Fisher Scientific, Kalamazoo, MI). Placentas of dams after C-section delivery were harvested and also fixed in 10 % zinc formalin. Tissues were then paraffin-embedded, sectioned (5-μm thickness) and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). All tissues were evaluated by a board-certified veterinary pathologist for key histopathologic changes including but not limited to inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrosis and cellular injury and necrosis.
Adamcakova-Dodd A., Monick M.M., Powers L.S., Gibson-Corley K.N, & Thorne P.S. (2015). Effects of prenatal inhalation exposure to copper nanoparticles on murine dams and offspring. Particle and Fibre Toxicology, 12, 30.
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4

Histological Analysis of Cardiac Structure

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Hearts were fixed with 10% zinc-formalin (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) as previously described [27 (link)]. Sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin or Masson’s trichrome stains. Imaging was performed using an Olympus LX81 inverted light microscope (New York, NY). Cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and left ventricular thickness were quantified from images taken by an Olympus Microfire Digital Camera as described [28 (link)].
Ilkun O., Wilde N., Tunei J., Pires K.M., Zhu Y., Bugger H., Soto J., Wayment B., Olsen C., Litwin S.E, & Abel E.D. (2015). Antioxidant treatment normalizes mitochondrial energetics and myocardial insulin sensitivity independently of changes in systemic metabolic homeostasis in a mouse model of the metabolic syndrome. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 85, 104-116.
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5

Tissue Preparation for Histological Analysis

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Mice were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital (9 mg·kg−1 IP; Apoteksbolaget, Stockholm, Sweden). Transcardial perfusion was performed through the left ventricle with phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) followed by 4% formaldehyde (HistoLab, Gothenburg, Sweden) fixation. Brain and spinal cord tissues were surgically removed and stored in 4% formaldehyde overnight. For free‐floating brain tissue sections, the tissue was washed in PBS, embedded in 4% agarose and sections were cut at 70 μm by using a vibratome (Leica VT1000S Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany) in PBS. For paraffin embedding, tissues were fixed in zinc‐formalin (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA), dehydrated, and paraffin infused (Tissue‐Tek vacuum infiltration processor, Sakura, the Netherlands). Paraffin sections of 7 μm were cut using a Microm 355S STS cool cut microtome (Thermo Fisher).
Hellsten S.V., Hägglund M.G., Eriksson M.M, & Fredriksson R. (2017). The neuronal and astrocytic protein SLC38A10 transports glutamine, glutamate, and aspartate, suggesting a role in neurotransmission. FEBS Open Bio, 7(6), 730-746.
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6

Liver Tissue Immunohistochemistry Analysis

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Liver tissue was fixated using zinc formalin (ThermoFisherScientific, Waltham, MA, USA), paraffin-embedded, and sectioned (5 μm). Anti-Ki67 was used to assess cell proliferation. Anti-F4/80 was used to evaluate immune cell alterations in the liver. Immunohistochemistry was completed by the Vanderbilt Translational Pathology Shared Resource. Imaging was performed using whole slide digital images (20X magnification) which were acquired via a Leica SCN400 Slide Scanner (Leica Microsystems, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA). Leica SlidePath Digital Image Hub software (Leica Microsystems, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA) was employed to quantify immunostaining. Briefly, pixels of interest were manually selected to create a color definition file for each antibody. The parameters of the color definition file were applied to the entire section of tissue. For Ki67, two-to-three liver sections were analyzed per mouse to acquire the percent Ki67 positive nuclei using the measure stained cells algorithm. For F4/80, two-to-three liver sections per mouse were quantified. A measured stained area algorithm was used and the percent stained area was calculated as 100•(positive area•total tissue are−1).
Hughey C.C., James F.D., Wang Z., Goelzer M, & Wasserman D.H. (2019). Dysregulated transmethylation leading to hepatocellular carcinoma compromises redox homeostasis and glucose formation. Molecular Metabolism, 23, 1-13.
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7

Photosensitizer Pc 4 Binding Evaluation

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M4E and M4E-15 cells were seeded on Lab-Tek II chamber slide (NalgeNunc International Naperville, IL) with 3000 cells per well. After 24 h, IO-Pc 4 or Fmp-IO-Pc 4 was added at a dose of 100 nM Pc 4. Cells were kept at 4 or 37 °C for 2 h. Cells were then fixed with zinc formalin (Thermo Scientific Kalamazoo, MI) and washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Pc 4 binding was imaged using Olympus IX71 microscopy with the Nuance Multispectral Image System Nuance 3.1 (Caliper/PerkinElmer Life Sciences and Technology). After a spectral library was established for the Pc 4 signal and background autofluorescence, a spectral unmixing algorithm was applied to composite images to determine the intensity and location of Pc 4.
Wang D., Fei B., Halig L.V., Qin X., Hu Z., Xu H., Wang Y.A., Chen Z., Kim S., Shin D.M, & Chen Z.(. (2014). Targeted Iron-Oxide Nanoparticle for Photodynamic Therapy and Imaging of Head and Neck Cancer. ACS Nano, 8(7), 6620-6632.
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8

Lung Fixation and Histological Analysis

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Lungs were inflated at a constant fluid pressure of 25 cm and fixed with zinc formalin (Thermo Fisher Scientific). After fixation, lungs were embedded and sections cut and stained by the pathology core at UTHSC. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) were used to identify cellular infiltrates and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) for mucus in the airway epithelial cells.
You D., Siefker D.T., Shrestha B., Saravia J, & Cormier S.A. (2015). Building a better neonatal mouse model to understand infant respiratory syncytial virus disease. Respiratory Research, 16(1), 91.
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9

Photosensitizer Pc 4 Binding Evaluation

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M4E and M4E-15 cells were seeded on Lab-Tek II chamber slide (NalgeNunc International Naperville, IL) with 3000 cells per well. After 24 h, IO-Pc 4 or Fmp-IO-Pc 4 was added at a dose of 100 nM Pc 4. Cells were kept at 4 or 37 °C for 2 h. Cells were then fixed with zinc formalin (Thermo Scientific Kalamazoo, MI) and washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Pc 4 binding was imaged using Olympus IX71 microscopy with the Nuance Multispectral Image System Nuance 3.1 (Caliper/PerkinElmer Life Sciences and Technology). After a spectral library was established for the Pc 4 signal and background autofluorescence, a spectral unmixing algorithm was applied to composite images to determine the intensity and location of Pc 4.
Wang D., Fei B., Halig L.V., Qin X., Hu Z., Xu H., Wang Y.A., Chen Z., Kim S., Shin D.M, & Chen Z.(. (2014). Targeted Iron-Oxide Nanoparticle for Photodynamic Therapy and Imaging of Head and Neck Cancer. ACS Nano, 8(7), 6620-6632.
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10

Mouse Brain Histochemical Processing

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All animal procedures were carried out in accordance with local regulations and followed the description in the approved ethical permit. Adult male C57Bl6/J mice (Taconic M&B, Denmark) were intra-peritoneally injected with pentobarbital (90 mg/kg IP; Apoteksbolaget, Sweden). The trans-cardial perfusion was performed through the left ventricle with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) followed by 4% formaldehyde (HistoLab, Sweden). The brain was excised and stored in 4% formaldehyde overnight. The brain was then fixed in zinc-formalin (Richard-Allan Scientific) for 18–24 h at 40°C before dehydration and paraffin infusion (Tissue-Tek vacuum infiltration processor; Miles Scientific). The sections were cut (7 µm) using a Microm 355S STS cool cut microtome and attached on Superfrost Plus slides (Menzel-Gläser, Germany). Then each slide was dried overnight at 37°C and stored at 4°C until use.
Bagchi S., Baomar H.A., Al-Walai S., Al-Sadi S, & Fredriksson R. (2014). Histological Analysis of SLC38A6 (SNAT6) Expression in Mouse Brain Shows Selective Expression in Excitatory Neurons with High Expression in the Synapses. PLoS ONE, 9(4), e95438.
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