Sulfadiazine

The antibiotic susceptibility of the all isolates was determined by the disk diffusion method on Mueller–Hinton agar (Becton–Dickinson, Sparks, MD, USA) according to the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The disk diffusion assay was run with 15 antibiotics: bacitracin (10 U), enrofloxacin (5 μg) (OXOID), streptomycin (10 μg), spiramycin (100 μg), sulfadiazine (25 μg), chloramphenicol (30 μg) (BD), doxycycline (30 μg), erythromycin (15 μg), gentamicin (10 μg), neomycin (30 μg), penicillin (10 U), tetracycline (30 μg), cefoxitin (30 μg), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1.25 μg/23.75 μg, respectively), and vancomycin (30 µg and 5 µg) (BIO-RAD, Hercules, CA, USA). S. aureus strain ATCC 25923 and Enterococcus faecalis strain ATCC 29212 were used as controls in the susceptibility test.

The antibiotic susceptibility of the MRSA isolates was determined by the disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA, CONDA, Spain), according to the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The disk diffusion assay was done with 14 antibiotics: bacitracin (10 U), enrofloxacin (5 μg) (OXOID), streptomycin (10 μg), spiramycin (100 μg), sulfadiazine (25 μg), chloramphenicol (30 μg) (BD), doxycycline (30 μg), erythromycin (15 μg), gentamicin (10 μg), neomycin (30 μg), penicillin (10 U), tetracycline (30 μg), cefoxitin (30 μg), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1.25 μg/23.75 μg, respectively) (BIO-RAD). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for cefoxitin and vancomycin was determined by using MIC Test Strip (Liofilchem) on inoculated Mueller Hinton agar plates and the results were interpreted according EUCAST breakpoints. S. aureus strain ATCC 25923 and Enterococcus faecalis strain ATCC 29212 were used as controls in the susceptibility test.