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15 protocols using nilotinib

1

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Dose Assessment

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Dasatinib (DASA), imatinib (IMA), nilotinib (NILO), and ponatinib (PONA) were purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (Ann Arbor, USA). After dissolving in DMSO, TKI were kept at – 20 °C until use. Stock concentrations were 20 mM for DASA, IMA and PONA, and 3 mM for NILO, respectively. Peak and IC50 concentrations were chosen according to the literature: DASA 150 nM (peak) and 10 nM (IC50); IMA 3000 nM (peak) and 600 nM (IC50); NILO 3000 nM (peak) and 30 nM (IC50); PONA 145 nM (peak) and 70 nM (IC50) (Peng et al. 2004 (link); Kantarjian et al. 2006 (link), 2010 (link); Rix et al. 2007 (link); Weisberg et al. 2007 (link); Cortes et al. 2012 (link); Menna et al. 2020 (link)). Direct effects of DMSO (maximum level was 0.1% v/v in NILO peak samples) were ruled out by including DMSO only as control throughout all experiments.
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2

Phosphorylation of LASP1 and CRKL by ABL Kinase

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LASP1 and CRKL were phosphorylated by recombinant active ABL kinase (BPS Bioscience, San Diego, CA, USA) according to the suppliers recommendations at 30°C in phosphorylation buffer (5 mM Tris, 1 mM MgCl2, 0.1 mM DTT and 100 μM ATP). For maximal phosphorylation (Supplementary Figure 3), LASP1 had to be incubated with ABL kinase for at least 2h and CRKL for at least 4h (overnight). To block kinase activity in the subsequent experiments, 20fold excess of nilotinib (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) related to ABL kinase concentration was added (Supplementary Figure 3).
Phosphorylation was visualized by Western blot analysis with phosphotyrosine antibody PY20 (1:1000), pCRKL (1:5000) or monoclonal rabbit pLASP1-Y171 specific antibody generated in-house (Supplementary Figure 1) followed by secondary horseradish peroxidase-coupled goat-anti-mouse or goat-anti-rabbit IgG antibody (1:5000) (Biorad, Munich, Germany).
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3

Nilotinib and Metformin Pathway Analysis

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Nilotinib was purchased from Cayman (Ann Arbor, MI, USA) and was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. Metformin hydrochloride was purchased from Wako (Richmond, VA, USA) and was dissolved in distilled water. Rabbit antibodies against c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphor-JNK, ERK, phosphor-ERK, p38, phosphor-p38, BCR-ABL, phosphor-BCR-ABL, caspase 3, caspase 8, PARP, and Bid, as well as mouse antibody against caspase 9 were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Beverly, MA, USA). Mouse antibody against Bcl-2 and rabbit antibody against Bcl-xL were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA). Anti-actin was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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4

Nilotinib Inhibits BCR-ABL Activity

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BCR-ABL activity was blocked using nilotinib (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA); 10 mM stock solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Sigma-Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany) kept at -20°C.
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5

Neuroinflammation Induction by LPS

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LPS (Sigma, Cat No. L2630, Escherichia coli) was dissolved in PBS for in vivo experiments. To induce the CNS immune response including neuroinflammation in vivo, an LPS dose of 10 mg/kg and a time interval of 8 h were chosen because of clear-cut evidence in the literature that these conditions are associated with proinflammatory cytokine activation after acute LPS administration [18 (link), 19 (link)]. Nilotinib (Cayman Chemical, Cat No. 10010422, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for in vitro experiments or vehicle (5% DMSO, 10% PEG and 20% Tween 80 in deionized water) for in vivo experiments.
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6

Luminescence-Based Assay Reagents

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d-Luciferin was purchased from Gold Biotechnology (St Louis, Missouri). (2 R)-anti-5-f3-[4-(10,11-dichloromethanodibenzo-suber-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-hydroxypropoxygquinoline trihydrochloride (DCPQ) was provided by Victor W. Pike (National Institutes of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland). Nilotinib and gefitinib were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Michigan). Ko143 was purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, United Kingdom). Tariquidar was purchased from Celon Labs (Hyderabad, India). All other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, Missouri) unless stated otherwise. Stock solutions of inhibitors were prepared in DMSO, while d-luciferin and HPCD were prepared in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).
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7

Bioluminescent Assay Reagent Preparation

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D-Luciferin was purchased from Gold Biotechnology (St. Louis, MO). (2R)-anti-5-f3-[4-(10,11-dichloromethanodibenzo-suber-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-hydroxypropoxygquinoline trihydrochloride (DCPQ) was provided by Victor W. Pike (National Institutes of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD). Nilotinib and gefitinib were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI). Ko143 was purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK). Tariquidar was purchased from Celon Labs (Hyderabad, India). All other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) unless stated otherwise. Stock solutions of inhibitors were prepared in DMSO, while D-Luciferin and HPCD were prepared in phosphate buffered saline (PBS).
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8

hESC-Derived Neuron Chemical Treatment

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For the chemical treatment experiments, neurons derived from hESCs were cultured without replating for 30 days. For the isolation of synaptosomes and the patch-clamp experiments, hESC-derived neurons were cultured in neuron maintenance medium with each chemical from day 10 to 30. BMS-708163 (Selleck chemicals) (10 nM), DAPT (Calbiochem) (800 nM), Nilotinib (Cayman Chemical), Pimecrolimus (Cayman Chemical), Rosuvastatin Calcium (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Japan), Sulconazole Nitrate salt (SANTA CRUZ) and Toremifene Base (LKT Laboratories) (5 μM) were used.
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9

Pharmacological Interventions for Cancer

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Imatinib (Phoenix Pharmaceuticals, Belmont, CA, USA), 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (Wako, Osaka, Japan), CQ (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA), metformin hydrochloride (LKT Laboratories, St Paul, MN, USA), rapamycin (Adooq Bioscience, Irvine, CA, USA), dasatinib (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA), bosutinib (KareBay Biochem, Ningbo, China), nilotinib (Cayman Chemical), ponatinib (Adooq Bioscience), methotrexate (Wako), cytarabine (LKT Laboratories), cisplatin (Sigma), vincristine sulfate (LKT Laboratories), STAT5 inhibitor (Calbiochem, San Diego, CA, USA), LY294002 (LC Laboratories, Woburn, MA, USA), and LY3900120 (Medchem Express, Princeton, NJ, USA).
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10

Nilotinib Rescue in MPTP Model

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Mice received single intraperitoneal injections of nilotinib (5, 10, 25, or 50 mg/kg; Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) dissolved in 0.5% aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose 3 days after administration of MPTP or saline. Vehicle-treated (control) mice received an equivalent volume of 0.5% aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose.
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