Isopropyl alcohol ipa

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States

Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) is a commonly used solvent and disinfectant in laboratory environments. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic odor. IPA is primarily used for cleaning and degreasing various laboratory equipment and surfaces.

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15 protocols using isopropyl alcohol ipa

HPLC-grade Reagents for Protein Analysis

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HPLC grade water and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ, USA). Formic acid (FA), 3,3,3-Trifluoropropionic acid (TFPA), 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol hydrochloride (Tris-HCl), dithiothreitol (DTT), tris(2-carboxyehtyl)phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) and guanidine hydrochloride (HCl) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Chen B., Lin Z., Zhu Y., Jin Y., Larson E., Xu Q., Fu C., Zhang Z., Zhang Q., Pritts W.A, & Ge Y. (2019). Middle-Down Multi-Attribute Analysis of Antibody-Drug Conjugates with Electron Transfer Dissociation. Analytical chemistry, 91(18), 11661-11669.

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Comprehensive Metabolomics Sample Preparation

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LC-MS grade acetonitrile (ACN), methanol (MeOH), and isopropyl alcohol (IPA), triethylamine, ammonium acetate, acetic acid, and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide with 1% trimethylchlorosilane (BSTFA/TMCS) were purchased from FisherScientific (Pittsburgh, PA). All deuterated solvents were purchased from Cambridge Isotopes (Andover, MA). All standards were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Human pooled plasma (from both males and females) was purchased from Interstate Blood Bank, INC (Memphis, TN)

Gathungu R.M., Bird S.S., Sheldon D.P., Kautz R., Vouros P., Matson W.R, & Kristal B.S. (2014). Identification of Metabolites from LC-EC Profiling: GC-MS and Re-Fractionation Provide Essential Information Orthogonal to LCMS/microNMR. Analytical biochemistry, 454, 23-32.

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Biomolecule Detection Sensor Fabrication

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Materials and Reagents. Silver nitrate, APTES, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) solution (average M_w ~ 70 000, 30 wt % in H₂O), poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (average M_w 50 000), 5,5′-ditho-bis (2-nitrobenzoic acid), β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced, yeast glutathione reductase, L-glutathione reduced, L-cysteine, L-homocysteine, L-arginine, L-histidine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-threonine, L-tyrosine, and L-valine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. P-type wafer was purchased from Silicon Quest (Santa Clara, CA). Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and phosphate buffered saline were purchased from Fisher Scientific. All chemicals are reagent grade, and deionized water was obtained from a Milli-Q ultrapure (18.2 MΩ cm) system.

Bu Y., Zhu G., Li S., Qi R., Bhave G., Zhang D., Han R., Sun D., Liu X., Hu Z, & Liu X. (2017). Silver-Nanoparticle-Embedded Porous Silicon Disks Enabled SERS Signal Amplification for Selective Glutathione Detection. ACS applied nano materials, 1(1), 410-417.

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Topical Formulation of Terbinafine HCl

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TBF hydrochloride was donated by GSK Ltd. (Weybridge, UK), while TBF-free base was synthesised, purified, and characterised in house. Dichloromethane, sodium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG 200), HPLC grade water, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and absolute ethanol (EtOH) were supplied by Fisher Scientific (Leicestershire, UK). HPLC grade solvents, including methanol and polyoxyethylene (20) oleyl ether (Brij^® O20) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Dorset, UK). PG and IPM (analytical grade) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Lancashire, UK). TC and PGML (analytical grade) were gifts from Gattefossé (St. Priest, France). Trifluoroacetic acid was supplied by Acros Organics (Fisher Scientific, Leicestershire, UK) and OL from Fluka (Sigma-Aldrich, Dorset, UK). Chloroform-D (CDCl₃) was obtained from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc. (Andover, MA, USA). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) tablets (Dulbecco A, pH 7.3 ± 0.2 at 25 °C) were purchased from Oxoid Limited (Cheshire, UK), and high-vacuum grease was obtained from Dow Corning (Seneffe, Belgium). Lamisil^® AT gel (TBF 1% w/w, GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK) was purchased from a local pharmacy. Porcine ear skin was sourced from a local abattoir.

Hossain A.S., Sil B.C., Iliopoulos F., Lever R., Hadgraft J, & Lane M.E. (2019). Preparation, Characterisation, and Topical Delivery of Terbinafine. Pharmaceutics, 11(10), 548.

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Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Sensory Agonists

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Isopropyl alcohol (IPA), Dulbecco’s
phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethanol
(EtOH), and acetic acid were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Chino,
CA). Analytical grade WS-3 (N-ethyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide) (CAS # 39711-79-0; catalog #E0796; Lot:
SYXVH-SP) and WS-23 (2-isopropyl-N,2,3-trimethylbutyramide)
(CAS # 51115-67-4; catalog #I0729; Lot: LTNPJ-DP) both >98% pure
were
purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. LTD. (Portland, OR). BEAS-2B
cells were obtained from American Type Cell Culture (ATCC, Manassas,
VA). Bronchial epithelial basal medium (BEBM) and supplements were
purchased from Lonza (Walkersville, MD). Collagen (30 mg/mL), bovine
serum albumin (BSA, 10 mg/mL), fibronectin (10 mg/mL), poly-vinyl-pyrrolidone
(PVP), MTT reagent (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide), NRU dye (neutral red uptake dye), Tris-HCl, Tris-base, lithium
lactate, tetrazolium salt (INT), phenazine methosulfate (PMS), and
β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) sodium salt were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO).

Omaiye E.E., Luo W., McWhirter K.J., Pankow J.F, & Talbot P. (2022). Disposable Puff Bar Electronic Cigarettes: Chemical Composition and Toxicity of E-liquids and a Synthetic Coolant. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 35(8), 1344-1358.

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Nanoparticle-based Pathogen Detection

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All stock solutions were prepared by deionized water from a Millipore deionization system to obtain minimum resistivity of 18.0 MΩ·cm. Sodium borohydride, 1-dodecene, glutaraldehyde (50%), sodium cyanoborohydride coupling buffer, casein blocking solution, and 3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide stain (DiOC6(3)) were bought from Sigma Aldrich. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), PBS with Tween 20 (PBS-T20), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were bought from Bioexpress. Methanol, chloroform, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were obtained from Fisher Scientific. NDs were purchased from International Technology Center in the form of 0.5 w/v% nanocrystalline diamond (Blue seeds) solution. E. coliO157:H7 antibodies were bought from Kirkegaard & Perry Laboratories, and anti-E. coliO+K FITC conjugate was bought from Pierce Thermo Scientific.

Zhang W., Patel K., Schexnider A., Banu S, & Radadia A.D. (2014). Nanostructuring of Biosensing Electrodes with Nanodiamonds for Antibody Immobilization. ACS Nano, 8(2), 1419-1428.

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LCMS Analysis of Illicit Drugs

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LCMS OPTIMA grade acetonitrile and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburg, PA). LCMS grade ammonium acetate (NH₄OAc) and ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). 1N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 6N hydrochloric acid (HCl) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Analytical standard grade PPDA, 4TDA, 6TDA, NDA, and MDA were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. MDA-[¹³C, ¹⁵N₂], PPDA-[¹³C₆], and NDA-[¹⁵N₂] were purchased from IsoSciences (Kings of Prussia, PA), and 4TDA-[¹³C₆] and 6TDA-[¹³C₆] from Toronto Research Chemicals (Ontario, Canada).

Bhandari D., Ruhl J., Murphy A., McGahee E., Chambers D, & Blount B.C. (2016). Isotope Dilution UPLC-APCI-MS/MS Method for the Quantitative Measurement of Aromatic Diamines in Human Urine: Biomarkers of Diisocyanate Exposure. Analytical chemistry, 88(21), 10687-10692.

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Liposomal Formulation for Analytical Standards

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Dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DMPG), synthetic MPLA (3D-PHAD^®), and cholesterol (plant derived) for liposomal preparation and working standards for analytical measurements, along with fluorescently labelled (TopFluor^®) cholesterol, were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids Inc., (CRODA), Alabaster, AL, USA. DMPC and cholesterol were dissolved in freshly distilled chloroform, and DMPG and MPLA were dissolved in chloroform:methanol (9:1). Methanol, water, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), dichloromethane, formic acid, and ammonium formate (all Optima^TM LC–MS grade) were purchased from Fisher Scientific, Asheville, NC, USA. QS21 (cGMP grade) was purchased from Desert King International, San Diego, CA, USA. The QS21 working standard was prepared from in-house HPLC-purified cGMP-manufactured QS21.

Abucayon E.G., Rao M., Matyas G.R, & Alving C.R. (2023). QS21-Initiated Fusion of Liposomal Small Unilamellar Vesicles to Form ALFQ Results in Concentration of Most of the Monophosphoryl Lipid A, QS21, and Cholesterol in Giant Unilamellar Vesicles. Pharmaceutics, 15(9), 2212.

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Formulation Development of APAP Hydrogels

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APAP selected as a model drug, was obtained from Spectrum Chemicals (New Brunswick, NJ, USA). Polyox™ WSR-303 with a MW of 7,000,000 Da was obtained from Colorcon (West Point, PA, USA). The gelling agents xanthan gum, guar gum, and gellan gum were obtained from CP Kleo (Atlanta, GA, USA), Aqua Solutions (Deer Park, TX, USA), and MP Biomedicals (Santa Ana, CA, USA), respectively. Hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ, USA). Ethanol was purchased from Decon Labs (Glennie Circle, PA, USA). All other chemicals used were analytical grade and were used as received.

Butreddy A., Sarabu S., Dumpa N., Bandari S, & Repka M.A. (2020). Extended Release Pellets Prepared by Hot Melt Extrusion Technique for Abuse Deterrent Potential: Category-1 In-vitro Evaluation. International journal of pharmaceutics, 587, 119624.

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Fabrication of Polysulfone Membranes with Cadmium Chloride Hydrate

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Cadmium chloride hydrate (99.998%, CdCl₂·xH₂O, x ≈ 2.5; Alfa Aesar), ethanolamine (>98%; Sigma-Aldrich), MPD (99%; Sigma-Aldrich), 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride (also known as TMC; 98%, Sigma-Aldrich), molecular sieves (3 Å, 1- to 2-mm beads; Alfa Aesar), hydrochloric acid (36.5 to 38.0%, HCl; Macron), polysulfone film (PS35, Sepro Corporation), potassium hydroxide (KOH), hexanes (99.9%; Fisher Chemical), isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and methanol (99.9%; Fisher Chemical for synthesis, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade, Fisher for permeance test) were used as received. Approximately 225-g molecular sieves were baked at 110°C in a glass jar for 1 day and then stored with hexane (1 liter). Water used in this study is nanopure water processed by a Milli-Q Advantage A10 system (18.2 megohm·cm at 25°C). All glassware was cleaned with a base bath (saturated KOH in IPA), followed by an acid bath (1 M HCl), thoroughly rinsed with water, and dried with nitrogen gas. Cadmium chloride hydrate, MPD, and TMC were carefully stored in a desiccator to prevent exposure to moisture, which is important for reproducible membrane synthesis.

An H., Smith J.W., Ji B., Cotty S., Zhou S., Yao L., Kalutantirige F.C., Chen W., Ou Z., Su X., Feng J, & Chen Q. (2022). Mechanism and performance relevance of nanomorphogenesis in polyamide films revealed by quantitative 3D imaging and machine learning. Science Advances, 8(8), eabk1888.

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