Pre- and postoperative lateral x-rays were obtained, if possible, in 30° flexed knees in ap- and lateral view. An exact lateral radiograph was defined by the projection of both posterior femoral condyles above each other. Images were analyzed by a trained orthopedic surgeon with the PACS (Centricity Enterprise Web version 3.0, GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA). Radiological measurements included for detection of PB the measurement of Insall-Salvati Index (ISI). The distance of the patellar articular surface and the distance from the inferior patellar articular surface to the tibial tubercle was measured. By dividing both distances the ISI was determined. The presence of PB was defined as ISI < 0.8 [9 (link), 10 (link), 12 (link), 13 (link)]. Nail tip position was measured. Therefore, the distance from nail tip to tibial plateau and from nail tip to tibial tubercle was measured (Fig. 2 ).![]()
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Centricity Enterprise Web version 3.0 is a web-based healthcare information system developed by GE Healthcare. It provides a unified platform for managing patient data, clinical workflows, and administrative tasks across healthcare organizations.
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7 protocols using centricity enterprise web version 3
1
Radiographic Evaluation of Patella Baja
2
Evaluating Femoral Bone Tunnel Position after PCL Reconstruction
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CT scans are performed routinely at our institution after PCL reconstruction. The scans are used to verify the position of the bone tunnels and the stability of the internal fixation, which helped to guide the progress of rehabilitation training. All CT examinations for the study patients were performed using a GE Discovery CT750 HD scanner (GE Medical Systems). The slice thickness was set at 5 mm. The senior authors (G.X., X.X., and W.J.) agreed on the measurement methods. The shortest distance from the inferior surface of the cortical button to the medial femoral cortex was measured on the axial sequences of CT (Figure 1 ). Two authors were trained to unify measurement methods and measure independently, and the average of the 2 measurements was used in the analysis (Z.Y. and M.Y.). In consensus with other studies,1 (link),17 (link)
the button was considered malpositioned if the distance from the inferior surface of the cortical button to the medial femoral cortex was longer than 2 mm (Figure 2 ). Data were recorded with an accuracy of 0.01 mm using specialized software (Centricity Enterprise Web Version 3.0; GE Medical Systems).
the button was considered malpositioned if the distance from the inferior surface of the cortical button to the medial femoral cortex was longer than 2 mm (
3
Radiographic Evaluation of Pulmonary Disease
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Electronic Images and reports were obtained from picture archiving and communication system (PACS) software accessed through the Centricity Enterprise Web version 3.0 (General Electric Healthcare, Barrington, IL, USA) at UHSM. Lung windows of both conventional and high resolution multi-slice thoracic computed tomography (CT) images with or without intravenous contrast administered, and plain chest X-ray images were electronically obtained. Baseline images at the time of diagnosis were examined. We also reviewed all the electronic reports of the images submitted by consultant radiologists. Data obtained included: (1) pulmonary involvement (unilateral or bilateral disease), (2) lobe(s) involved, (3) cavitation, (4) evidence of pleural thickening, and (5) presence of aspergilloma.
4
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Measurement in Laparoscopic Surgery
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A single experienced investigator who has performed > 50 scans measured ONSD using a portable US unit (Sonosite X-Porte, Fujifilm Sonosite, Bothell, WA, USA) with a 5–10 Hz linear probe [16 (link)]. When general anesthesia induced and hemodynamically stable conditions were reached, ultra-sonographic measurements were taken. After applying water soluble lubricant, the probe was placed on the closed upper eyelid with minimal pressure in a direction parallel to the eyelid. Three measurements were acquired in the transverse plane of each eye at four timepoints (Figure 1 ): T0, 10 min after the induction of anesthesia in the supine position; T1, 10 min after introducing pneumoperitoneum (13 mmHg of insufflation pressure) in the steep Trendelenburg position (45° incline); T2, 10 min after releasing the pneumoperitoneum in the steep Trendelenburg position (45° incline); T3, 10 min after position change to a supine position.
Ultrasonographic images were reviewed using a picture archival and communication system (PACS, Centricity Enterprise Web version 3.0; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA) and ONSD was measured 3 mm behind the globe by the blinded two clinicians. After obtaining the mean ONSD of each eye, the mean value of ONSD in both eyes was calculated. We defined ∆ONSD as follows: ∆ONSD = 100 × (maximum ONSD at any time point—ONSD at baseline)/ONSD at baseline.
Ultrasonographic images were reviewed using a picture archival and communication system (PACS, Centricity Enterprise Web version 3.0; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA) and ONSD was measured 3 mm behind the globe by the blinded two clinicians. After obtaining the mean ONSD of each eye, the mean value of ONSD in both eyes was calculated. We defined ∆ONSD as follows: ∆ONSD = 100 × (maximum ONSD at any time point—ONSD at baseline)/ONSD at baseline.
5
Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Spinal Fusion
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The following radiographic parameters were measured on standing full-spine radiographs preoperatively and at 2 weeks and 2 years postoperatively: the Cobb angle of the lumbar curve; the coronal vertical axis (CVA); the degree of T5-12 thoracic kyphosis (TK); the degree of T12-S1 lumbar lordosis (LL); pelvic tilt (PT); pelvic incidence (PI); and the sagittal vertical axis (SVA). The lordosis of the fused levels and the proximal junctional angle (PJA) were also measured as indices of local kyphosis correction. All radiographic measurements were made using measurement software (Centricity Enterprise Web, version 3.0, GE Healthcare Japan).
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) 7 preoperatively and at 2 years postoperatively. This study was approved by our hospital's ethics committee.
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) 7 preoperatively and at 2 years postoperatively. This study was approved by our hospital's ethics committee.
6
Dual Growing Rod Surgical Protocol for EOS
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This was a single-institution retrospective study of patients undergoing dual GR placement with PFS and sublaminar taping for EOS between the years 2007 and 2016. All patients were followed up for at least 2 years. Demographic and surgical data were retrospectively reviewed from the patients' clinical charts. Preoperative, post-GR placement, and final follow-up radiographic parameters were measured, which included the main scoliotic Cobb angle, maximal thoracic kyphosis, T12-S1 lumbar lordosis, T1-S1 length, and Campbell's space available for the lung ratio. 12 All radiographic parameters were measured using measurement software (Centricity Enterprise Web version 3.0, GE Healthcare Japan).
Postoperative complications, including implant-related, alignment-related, wound-related, and neurological injuries, were evaluated.
The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare radiographic parameters. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using a software package (JMP version 9.0, SAS).
Postoperative complications, including implant-related, alignment-related, wound-related, and neurological injuries, were evaluated.
The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare radiographic parameters. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using a software package (JMP version 9.0, SAS).
7
Radiographic Assessment of Hip Degeneration
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A single examiner measured minimum joint space width (mJSW) to assess joint degeneration, Sharp angle, lateral center edge (CE) angle, acetabular head index (AHI), and acetabular roof obliquity (ARO) to assess morphologic abnormalities using a standardized supine anteroposterior digital radiograph. The radiographs were obtained in a standardized manner by the same skilled radiology technicians, within 30 days prior to the clinical, OLS, and gait assessment. These measurements had high inter-and intrarater reliability [16, 17] , and are commonly used to diagnose dysplasia and OA [17] .
Images were reviewed on Centricity Enterprise Web, version 3.0 (GE Health care, Buckinghamshire, England). The intrarater reliability [intraclass correlation (ICC) 1,1] of the measurement and standard error of the measurement (SEM) for 20 randomly selected radiographic assessments were 0.99, 0.14 (mJSW; ICC, SEM); 0.97, 1.02 (Sharp angle); 0.98, 1.23 (CE angle); 0.98, 1.36 (AHI); and 0.95,1.54 (ARO), respectively.
Images were reviewed on Centricity Enterprise Web, version 3.0 (GE Health care, Buckinghamshire, England). The intrarater reliability [intraclass correlation (ICC) 1,1] of the measurement and standard error of the measurement (SEM) for 20 randomly selected radiographic assessments were 0.99, 0.14 (mJSW; ICC, SEM); 0.97, 1.02 (Sharp angle); 0.98, 1.23 (CE angle); 0.98, 1.36 (AHI); and 0.95,1.54 (ARO), respectively.
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