L α phosphatidylcholine from soybean type 2 s

Mosapride citrate dihydrate was kindly supplied by Marcyrl Company (Cairo, Egypt). l-α-Phosphatidylcholine from soybean type IV-S (SB1), l-α-phosphatidylcholine from soybean type II-S (SB2), sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Tetrahydrofuran, methanol, and n-octanol were purchased from Fisher Scientific UK Ltd. (Loughborough, England) sodium chloride powder, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, orthophosphoric acid, glycine, and gelatin were purchased from El Nasr pharmaceutical company (Cairo, Egypt). Pearlitol 160C (Mannitol) was obtained from Roquette Group (Lille, France). Saccharin sodium and tutti frutti flavoring agent were purchased from Luna Group for Chemicals (Cairo, Egypt).

Polyhydroxyalkanoates with three different comonomer compositions were synthesized in house using wild-type and transformant strains of Cupriavidus malaysiensis USMAA1020 isolated from Lake Kulim (Kulim, Malaysia) through a two-stage cultivation in shake-flasks, as it leads in higher 4HB molar fraction described elsewhere [22 (link)]. The three copolymer compositions used in this study were: 16 mol% (PHB16, Mw 282 ± 10 kDa), 30 mol% (PHB30, Mw 106 ± 4 kDa), and 70 mol% (PHB70, Mw 34 ± 2 kDa) of 4HB over 3HB ratio [32 (link)]. During the pre-formulation study, the surfactants used for nanoparticle production were polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, Mw10,000 Da, Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), polyoxyethylene-polyoxpropylene poloxamer block copolymer (Pluronic F-68, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), L-α-phosphatidylcholine from soybean Type II-S (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) and vitamin E derivative D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS, International Laboratory, South San Francisco, CA, USA). The active ingredient, docetaxel (99+%) was obtained from International Laboratory (South San Francisco, CA, USA). Other solvents and chemicals such as dichloromethane, acetonitrile, sodium dihydrogen phosphate anhydrous, hydrochloric acid were of analytical grade.