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Recombinant ubiquitin

Manufactured by R&D Systems

Recombinant ubiquitin is a purified protein produced using recombinant DNA technology. Ubiquitin is a small regulatory protein that plays a role in cellular processes such as protein degradation and modification.

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5 protocols using recombinant ubiquitin

1

Xenopus Egg Extract Plasmid Assay

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Xenopus egg extracts were prepared as described previously75 . Plasmid DNA was incubated in nucleoplasmic extract (NPE) at a final concentration of 50 ng/μL at 21 °C. Plasmids used in this study do not contain DNA damage and are not replicated during the reaction due to the absence of licensing in a high-speed supernatant (HSS) extract46 (link). Where indicated, reactions were supplemented with: 150 mM NMS-873 (ApexBio Technology), 500 mM CB-5083 (PharmaBlock Sciences), 150 μM Ubiquitin Vinyl Sulfone (Boston Biochem), 50 μM recombinant ubiquitin (Boston Biochem), or 40 ng/μL recombinant p97. All experiments were performed three or more times and representative results are shown. Experiments involving vertebrate animals (Xenopus laevis) were performed in accordance with all guidelines and regulations using an approved protocol administered by the Medical University of South Carolina Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).
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2

CARD9, BCL10, and CARD11 Protein Study

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The antibodies used in this study were listed in Supplementary Table S3. Recombinant Ubiquitin and derivatives were from Boston Biochem Inc. (Cambridge, MA). Recombinant CARD9 (ab131800) and BCL10 (ab82241) were obtained from Abcam Inc. (Cambridge, MA). Recombinant CARD11 was obtained from Creative BioMart (Shirley, NY; Card11-385M). Other non-specified reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).
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3

In vitro Ubiquitination Assay of Arc Protein

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In vitro ubiquitination of Arc was performed using 0.1 μg of recombinant ubiquitin E1 (UBE1) (Boston Biochem), 0.5 μg recombinant ubiquitin E2 (UbcH7) (Boston Biochem), 10 μg of recombinant ubiquitin (Boston Biochem), and 0.1 μg immunopurified Flag-Triad3A added to 0.25 μg of His-tagged Arc (or 0.15 μg of GST-Arc full-length or GST-Arc 132–396) in the presence of an ATP regenerating system (10 mM creatine phosphate, 10 units of creatine kinase, 1 unit inorganic pyrophosphatase, and 2 mM ATP) in 50 mM Tris (pH 7.6) and 5 mM MgCl2 in a 120 μl reaction with 1 μg/mL aprotinin and 1 mM PMSF. GST-Arc was purchased from BD Pharmingen. GST-Arc (132–396) was expressed and purified as previously described (Chowdhury et al., 2006 (link); Greer et al., 2010 (link)). The reaction was incubated at 30°C for 120 min. Reactions were terminated by boiling samples in SDS-PAGE loading buffer, polypeptides resolved by SDS-PAGE gel, and immunoblot analysis performed with an anti-His antibody to detect ubiquitinated bands or with anti-Flag antibody to detect immunopurified Flag-Triad3A. For additional assay information, see supplemental methods.
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4

MERS-CoV ORF3 Ubiquitination by HUWE1

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The MERS-CoV ORF3 and the HUWE1 HECT domain of WT and C4341A mutant were cloned and expressed as GST-fusion proteins. All the proteins were expressed in BL21 bacterial cells and purified with Glutathione Sepharose beads. The beads with ORF3 protein were incubated with HUWE1 HECT WT or C4341A mutant, together with 200 ng of E1 (UBE1, R&D system), 400 ng of E2 (UbcH5b, R&D system), and 2 μg of recombinant ubiquitin (R&D system) in reaction buffer (50 mM Tris [PH 7.4], 2 mM MgCl2, 4 mM ATP [Sigma]) at 37 °C for 1 h. The supernatant was removed, and the reaction was terminated by adding 2x protein loading buffer. The ubiquitin chain was detected by immunoblotting.
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5

Ubiquitination of MERS-CoV ORF4b by UBR5

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The MERS-CoV ORF4b was cloned and expressed as GST fusion proteins. The target viral protein was expressed in BL21 bacterial cells and purified with glutathione Sepharose beads. In addition, the Flag-UBR5 and Flag-UBR5-C2768A were purified from HEK293T cells. The beads with ORF4b protein were incubated with UBR5-WT or C2768A mutant, together with 200 ng of E1 (UBE1; R&D Systems), 400 ng of E2 (UbcH5b; R&D Systems), and 2 μg of recombinant ubiquitin (R&D Systems) in reaction buffer (50 mM Tris [PH 7.4], 2 mM MgCl2, 4 mM ATP [Sigma]) at 37°C for 1 h. The supernatant was removed, and the reaction was terminated by adding 2× protein loading buffer. The ubiquitin chain was detected by immunoblotting.
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