Anti pd l1 monoclonal antibody clone e1l3n

Patients with advanced/recurrent/metastatic NSCLC treated with anti-PD-1 antibody (nivolumab or pembrolizumab) or anti-PD-L1 (atezolizumab) alone or in combination with chemotherapy at Kurume University Hospital (Kurume, Japan) or Kanagawa Cancer Center (Yokohama, Japan) were included in this study. Cohort 1, which included 123 patients enrolled between September 2016 and February 2020, was used as the training set for discovery; cohort 2, which included 99 patients enrolled between February 2020 and February 2021 and was completely independent from cohort 1, was used as the validation set. Patient characteristics are summarized in table 1. Tumor PD-L1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded tissue sections with an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody (clone E1L3N; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, Massachusetts, USA; clone 22C3; Agilent Technologies/Dako, Carpinteria, California, USA). In most of the patients, PD-L1 expression was measured with tumor tissues obtained before the first-line treatment, even in those treated with ICI therapy as a second-line or later-line of treatment. The best clinical response was determined according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v.1.1.