Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), DOX hydrochloride, ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropul)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), DAPI and rhodamine–phalloidin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Beijing, China). GSH, 3-(triethoxysilyl) propylsuccinic anhydride (95%) and 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid (CPA, 98%) were supplied by J&K Scientific Ltd. LA (97%) was bought from Aladdin Industrial Co. (Shanghai, China). CytC from equine heart ( >95%) was obtained from Solarbio (Beijing, China). Cystamine dihydrochloride (Cys·HCl) and N-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were provided by Alfa Aesar (Tianjin, China). Cy3-labeled terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assay kit were purchased from Neobioscience (Shenzhen, China).
Glutathione (gsh)
Manufactured by J&K Scientific
Sourced in China
The GSH is a laboratory equipment designed for the quantitative determination of glutathione (GSH) levels in biological samples. It functions as a spectrophotometric assay tool, providing a reliable method for measuring GSH concentrations.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Annexin 5 fitc pi apoptosis assay kit, by Neobioscience (1 mentions)
Rhodamine phalloidin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Microplate reader, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Sigmaplot 12, by Grafiti LLC (1 mentions)
Cystamine dihydrochloride, by J&K Scientific (1 mentions)
Hochest 33342, by Beyotime (1 mentions)
4 nitrophenyl chloroformate, by J&K Scientific (1 mentions)
Propidium iodide, by Beyotime (1 mentions)
Doxorubicin hydrochloride dox hcl, by Meilun (1 mentions)
Cytidine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Guanosine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Adenosine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Uridine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
L tryptophan, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
L histidine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
L phenylalanine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
L tyrosine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Milli q water purification system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Trifluoroacetic acid tfa, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
L glutamic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
4 protocols using glutathione (gsh)
1
Multifunctional Nanoparticle Synthesis and Characterization
2
Kinetic Analysis of Recombinant Glutathione S-Transferase
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The purified protein was diluted to 1 mg mL−1. The denaturing SDS-PAGE (12.5%) was conducted, and Coomassie Blue R-250 (Tiangen, Beijing, China) was used as a staining solution.
The kinetic parameters of recombinant protein SlGSTD1 were determined using CDNB (J&K, Beijing, China) as a standard substrate. The reaction system consisted of PBS (1 mL, 0.1 mol L−1, pH 7.0), the enzyme preparation (5 μL, 1 mg mL−1), and freshly prepared GSH (30 μL, 100 μmol mL−1, pH 7.0, J&K, Beijing, China). The mixture was added with a series of diluted CDNB (50 μL, 1.5625, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 μmol mL−1), respectively, to initiate the reaction. Absorbance at 340 nm (A340) was monitored by a microplate reader (Biotek, USA) within 0–180 s. Each reaction was performed in triplicate with three samples. Km and Vmax of the protein were obtained according to the Michaelis–Menten equation with SigmaPlot 12.0 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA., URL:https://systatsoftware.com/sigmaplot/ ).
The kinetic parameters of recombinant protein SlGSTD1 were determined using CDNB (J&K, Beijing, China) as a standard substrate. The reaction system consisted of PBS (1 mL, 0.1 mol L−1, pH 7.0), the enzyme preparation (5 μL, 1 mg mL−1), and freshly prepared GSH (30 μL, 100 μmol mL−1, pH 7.0, J&K, Beijing, China). The mixture was added with a series of diluted CDNB (50 μL, 1.5625, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 μmol mL−1), respectively, to initiate the reaction. Absorbance at 340 nm (A340) was monitored by a microplate reader (Biotek, USA) within 0–180 s. Each reaction was performed in triplicate with three samples. Km and Vmax of the protein were obtained according to the Michaelis–Menten equation with SigmaPlot 12.0 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA., URL:
3
Multifunctional Theranostic Platform Development
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Cysteine, citric acid, PEG200, ε-caprolactone, pyrene, 1, 3-disphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF), 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and benzylalcohol were all obtained from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). Enzyme 435, 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate (NPC), cystamine dihydrochloride, and glutathione were provided by J&K Scientific LTD (Beijing, China). Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX·HCl) was supplied by Dalian Meilun biotechnology Co., LTD (Dalian, China). Biotin-PEG2000-NH2 (Mw = 2000 Da) was purchased from Shanghai Ponsure Biotechnology Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). 2′, 7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), Annexin V-FITC, propidium iodide (PI), and Hochest 33342 were purchased from Beyotime biotechnology Co., LTD (Shanghai, China). Cypate was synthesized referring to previous work. All other chemicals were obtained from Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China) and were used without further purification.
4
Comprehensive Biochemical Reagents Protocol
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l -Aspartic acid, l -glutamic acid, l -histidine, l -phenylalanine, l -tyrosine, l -tryptophan,
thymidine, cytidine, uridine,
adenosine, guanosine, and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Peptides including Tyr–Gly–Gly
(YG-3), Tyr–Phe (YF-2), and Phe–Gly–Phe–Gly
(FG-4) were purchased from Shanghai Apeptide Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
Glutathione, glucose, sucrose, and raffinose were obtained from J&K
Scientific Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). TS-1 was supplied by XFNano,
Inc. (Nanjing, China). Dopamine hydrochloride, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
(Tris), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), sodium
hydroxide (NaOH), sodium chloride (NaCl), and fatty acids (FAs), including cis-10-heptadecenoic acid (17:1), α-linolenic acid
(18:3), linoleic acid (18:2), trans-vaccenic acid
(18:1), and arachidonic acid (20:4), were purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai,
China). Matrices including 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHB) and
α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) were purchased from Bruker
Daltonics GmbH (Bremen, Germany). Ethanol, mEthanol, and acetonitrile
(ACN) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Bond Elut phenylboronic
acid (PBA) columns were obtained from Varian (Agilent, Santa Clara,
CA). Ultrapure deionized water (18 MΩ) used in all experiments
was prepared by a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford,
MA).
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thymidine, cytidine, uridine,
adenosine, guanosine, and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Peptides including Tyr–Gly–Gly
(YG-3), Tyr–Phe (YF-2), and Phe–Gly–Phe–Gly
(FG-4) were purchased from Shanghai Apeptide Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
Glutathione, glucose, sucrose, and raffinose were obtained from J&K
Scientific Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). TS-1 was supplied by XFNano,
Inc. (Nanjing, China). Dopamine hydrochloride, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
(Tris), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), sodium
hydroxide (NaOH), sodium chloride (NaCl), and fatty acids (FAs), including cis-10-heptadecenoic acid (17:1), α-linolenic acid
(18:3), linoleic acid (18:2), trans-vaccenic acid
(18:1), and arachidonic acid (20:4), were purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai,
China). Matrices including 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHB) and
α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) were purchased from Bruker
Daltonics GmbH (Bremen, Germany). Ethanol, mEthanol, and acetonitrile
(ACN) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Bond Elut phenylboronic
acid (PBA) columns were obtained from Varian (Agilent, Santa Clara,
CA). Ultrapure deionized water (18 MΩ) used in all experiments
was prepared by a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford,
MA).
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