Spermine

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States

Spermine is a polyamine compound that is naturally found in a variety of living organisms, including humans, animals, and plants. It plays a fundamental role in various biological processes, such as cell growth and development. As a laboratory reagent, Spermine is primarily used for research and analytical purposes, providing researchers with a tool to investigate the role of polyamines in cellular functions.

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Lab products found in correlation

Spermidine, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Putrescine, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Hepes, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) N n carbonyldiimidazole cdi, by J&K Scientific (1 mentions) Histamine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) 1 2 aminoethyl piperazine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) 3 3 diamino n methyldipropylamine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Bis 3 aminopropyl amine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Tris 2 aminoethyl amine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Piperazine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

4 protocols using spermine

Isolation of Spontaneous Spermine Resistance

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The RP62a/pSepiCcrAB strain was grown overnight and subcultured each day for seven consecutive nights (allowing ~50 generations) in BHI (1:100) supplemented with neomycin and chloramphenicol at 37°C in a shaking incubator. The grown culture on the seventh day was serially diluted (10⁰-10⁻⁷) and 100 μL of the 10⁻⁵ dilution was spread onto BHI agar plates. The plates were incubated overnight at 37°C, and colonies were selected for further analysis. The colonies were resuspended into fresh BHI medium and then spotted onto both BHI agar and BHI agar supplemented with spermine (Acros Organics) at a final concentration of 0.9 mg/mL. Plates were incubated at 37°C overnight, and colonies that grew on BHI agar but not on BHI agar with spermine were selected. The selected colonies were confirmed for the loss of cassettes by amplifying the excision junction using PCR primers p1 and p8 and sequencing the products using Sanger sequencing. Colonies were also confirmed by plating with dilutions of phage CNPx according to the protocol described in the section on phage enumeration below.

Hossain M., Aslan B, & Hatoum-Aslan A. (2023). Tandem mobilization of anti-phage defenses alongside SCCmec cassettes. bioRxiv.

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Chemically Defined Medium for Streptococcus agalactiae

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The liquid chemically defined medium used to grow S. agalactiae (CDM) contains 8.3 g l^–1 Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium base (catalogue no. D5030; Sigma-Aldrich), 1× BME vitamins, 74 µM adenine, 89.2 µM uracil, 65.7 µM xanthine, 66.2 µM guanine, 1123.5 µM d,l-alanine, 757 µM l-asparagine, 1127 µM l-aspartic acid, 684.5 µM l-glutamine, 1019.5 µM l-glutamic acid, 868.6 µM l-proline, 734.9 µM l-tryptophan, 4125.4 µM l-cysteine, 12 µM lipoic acid, 1 µM pyruvate, 17.4 µM ZnSO₄.7H₂O, 10.5 µM CoCl₂.H₂O, 0.4 µM CuSO₄.5H₂O and 55 mM d-glucose. This medium was finally adjusted to pH 7.4 with HCl. For some experiments, CDM was buffered at pH 7.4 with 100 mM HEPES (Fisher Bioreagents; cat. no. BP310-100), to pH 5.5 with 100 mM MES (ACROS Organics; code no. 172591000) or pH 4.0 by the addition of 33.5 mM sodium citrate dihydrate and 66.5 mM citric acid. Final adjustments of the pH were made with citric acid or HCl. Spermidine (ACROS Organics; Cat. No. AC132740050), putrescine (ACROS Organics; Cat. No. AC132750050) or spermine (ACROS Organics; Cat. No. AC112120250) were also added for some experiments.

Khazaal S., Al Safadi R., Osman D., Hiron A, & Gilot P. (2021). Investigation of the polyamine biosynthetic and transport capability of Streptococcus agalactiae: the non-essential PotABCD transporter. Microbiology, 167(12), 001124.

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Amylose-Spermine Conjugate Synthesis

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Amylose (> 98%) from potato was purchased from ScienMax Inc. (Plano, TX, USA). Molar mass distribution of the purified amylose obtained, as detected by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), was: Mn = 83.0 kDa, M_W = 107.6 kDa, polydispersity index (PDI) = 1.30. Spermine with purity of 97% was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). N,N’-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) with purity of 98%, and dry DMSO, were bought from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). FeCl₃·6H₂O, FeCl₂·4H₂O, 25% NH₃·H₂O, and other reagents, were of analytical grade and used as received.

Lin B.L., Zhang J.Z., Lu L.J., Mao J.J., Cao M.H., Mao X.H., Zhang F., Duan X.H., Zheng C.S., Zhang L.M, & Shen J. (2017). Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles-Complexed Cationic Amylose for In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tracking of Transplanted Stem Cells in Stroke. Nanomaterials, 7(5), 107.

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Charge-Reducing Reagents for Protein Analysis

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Trimethylamine N-oxide was purchased from Cayman Chemical. Spermidine was purchased from Beantown Chemical. Spermine was purchased from Alfa Aesar. Histamine, bis(2-aminoethyl)amine, bis(3-aminopropyl)amine, tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, 3,3′-diamino-N-methyldipropylamine, tris-(3-aminopropyl)amine, piperazine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine, and 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Protein was buffer exchanged into 200 mM ammonium acetate (supplemented with 0.5% C₈E₄ for membrane protein). Charge-reducing reagents stocks were made by dissolving into the same buffer as the protein and were mixed with protein to obtain desired final concentrations of charge-reducing reagent.

Lyu J., Liu Y., McCabe J.W., Schrecke S., Fang L., Russell D.H, & Laganowsky A. (2020). Discovery of Potent Charge-Reducing Molecules for Native Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Studies. Analytical chemistry, 92(16), 11242-11249.

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