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Dulbecco s modi ed eagle s medium

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Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) is a cell culture medium developed by Harry Eagle that is widely used in the cultivation of various cell types. It provides a balanced salt solution and nutrients necessary for cell growth and maintenance. DMEM is a fundamental tool in biomedical research and cell biology applications.

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59 protocols using dulbecco s modi ed eagle s medium

1

C17.2 Cell Culture and Treatment

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Cell Culture And Treatment C17.2 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modi ed Eagle's medium (Invitrogen, USA) containing10 % (v/v) fetal bovine serum (Gibco, Carlsbad, CA, USA), 5 % (v/v) horse serum (Gibco), and 2 mM L-glutamine (Gibco) at 37°C in a humidi ed incubator supplemented with 5 % (v/v) CO2. C17.2 cells were pretreated with or without 50μM CORM-2 /iCORM-2 for 6 h prior to stimulation with 500μM FeCl 2 for 24 h[14].
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2

Immortalized Liver Cell Lines and Transfection

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Immortalized human liver cell line THLE-2 and HCC cell lines (HepG2 and SK-HEP-1) were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modi ed Eagle's medium (Invitrogen, Frederick, MD, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA), streptomycin (0.1 mg/mL) and penicillin (100 U/mL) at 37℃ with 5% CO 2 with constant humidity. miR-103a-3p mimic and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting GREM2 and LATS2 (siRNA-GREM2, siRNA-LATS2) were designed and synthesized by GenePharma Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Meanwhile, the sequences of FOXA2 and GREM2 were synthesized and cloned to the pcDNA3.1 vector (pcDNA-FOXA2, pcDNA-GREM2, Invitrogen). The empty pcDNA3.1 vector and negative control (NC) for siRNA (siRNA-NC) and miRNA control (NC) were constructed as well. The vectors were transfected into cells using Lipofectamine 3000 Reagent (Invitrogen).
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3

C17.2 Cell Culture and Treatment

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Cell Culture And Treatment C17.2 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modi ed Eagle's medium (Invitrogen, USA) containing10 % (v/v) fetal bovine serum (Gibco, Carlsbad, CA, USA), 5 % (v/v) horse serum (Gibco), and 2 mM L-glutamine (Gibco) at 37°C in a humidi ed incubator supplemented with 5 % (v/v) CO2. C17.2 cells were pretreated with or without 50μM CORM-2 /iCORM-2 for 6 h prior to stimulation with 500μM FeCl 2 for 24 h[14].
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4

Culturing BV2 Murine Microglial Cells

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The murine microglial cell line BV2 was obtained from the China Infrastructure of Cell Line Resources (Beijing, China) and cultured in a medium comprising 90% Dulbecco's Modi ed Eagle's Medium (Invitrogen, Frederick, MD, USA), 10% fetal bovine serum (Hyclone, Logan, UT, USA), and 1% antibiotics (100 U/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin) at 37 ℃ in a humidi ed atmosphere of 5% CO 2 .
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5

Cell Culture Protocols for Melanoma Cell Lines

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Cell lines A375, A875, sk-mel-110, M21, sk-mel-28 (M28) and Hacat were obtained from the Cell Bank of Type Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). Cells were cultured in high-glucose Dulbecco's modi ed Eagle's medium (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY, USA) with 10% fetal bovine serum (Hyclone Laboratories, Inc., South Logan, UT, USA) in a humidi ed atmosphere containing 5% CO2 at 37 °C [14] .
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6

Cell Culture and Parasite Propagation

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Murine dendritic cell line DC2.4, human foreskin broblast cell line HFF, and murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 were purchased from the ATCC (American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, USA) and preserved in our laboratory. The DC2.4 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 (Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640, bought from Gibco/Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA); the HFF and RAW264.7 cells were cultured in DMEM (Dulbecco's Modi ed Eagle's Medium, bought from Gibco/Invitrogen). Both of the culture mediums were supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gibco/Invitrogen) and 1% gentamicin (10 mg/mL, Invitrogen, USA). The cells were cultured with 5% CO 2 at 37°C. The T. gondii RH strain was propagated in HFF cells in our lab.
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7

SH-SY5Y Cell Transfection with EAAC1-myc

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Cell culture and transfection SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA) and cultured in Dulbecco's modi ed Eagle's medium (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and a penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin B mixture (Invitrogen) at 37°C in a humidi ed atmosphere containing 5% CO 2 . When the cells grew su ciently in 100 mm culture dishes (SPL Life Sciences, Gyeonggi-do, Korea), they were subcultured in 6-well or 96-well plates. SH-SY5Y cells were transiently transfected with either 4 μg of plasmid pcDNA3.1 (Mock) or pcDNA3.1-EAAC1-myc and 10 μl of Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) in 250 μl of Opti-MEM without serum according to the manufacturer's instructions. Transient transfection e ciencies were con rmed by Western blot in SH-SY5Y cells.
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8

C2C12 Myoblast Glucose Uptake Assay

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C2C12 murine myoblast cell line was purchased from Bioresource Collection and Research Center (Hsinchu, Taiwan). Dulbecco's modi ed Eagle's medium, fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillinstreptomycin-Amphotericin B (PSA), 0.5% trypsin-EDTA, and 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-NBDG) were obtained from Gibco-Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Insulin, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, phosphatase inhibitor cocktail, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and other chemicals and reagents were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Protein concentrations in each sample were quanti ed using a Bio-Rad DC Protein Assay kit (Hercules, CA, USA). The prestained protein marker for SDS-PAGE was from Bioman Sci. Co. LTD (New Taipei City, Taiwan). The antibody of β-actin, anti-IR, anti-phosphorylated IR, anti-IRS, anti-phosphorylated IRS-1, anti-Akt, anti-phosphorylated Akt, and anti-GLUT4 were purchased from cell signaling technology (Beverly, MA, USA). The band density was quanti ed using the analysis software Quantity One 1-D (Hercules, CA, USA).
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9

Rat Aortic VSMC Isolation and Culture

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Primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were isolated from rat aortas [4] . The isolated cells were maintained in low-glucose Dulbecco's modi ed Eagle's medium (Invitrogen) containing 10% foetal bovine serum (Gibco), 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin. Cells from passages 3 to 5 were used for further experiments.
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10

Ginsenoside Rh2 Apoptosis Induction

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Ginsenoside Rh2 (≥98% purity, lot number MB6871) was purchased from Dalian Meilun Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Dalian, China). Dulbecco's modi ed Eagle's medium (DMEM), RPMI 1640, fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, streptomycin, and trypsin were purchased from Gibco (Gaithersburg, MD, USA).
Antibodies against caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and Survivin were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Caspase-8, XIAP, and Bcl-2 were purchased from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA, USA). Antibodies against DR4 and DR5 were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). PARP was purchased from Sino Biological (Beijing, China). Tubulin and β-actin were purchased from Absin (Shanghai, China).
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