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81 protocols using su 8 photoresist

1

Fabrication of SU-8 Photoresist Micropillars

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Photolithography on the Si substrates (single side polishing) was performed by a mask aligner (ABM/6/350/NUV/DCCD/M) using SU-8 photoresist (MicroChem 2015) according to following steps. First, SU-8 photoresist was spin-coated on the polished surface of Si substrate at 6000 rpm for 60 s, then prebaked at 95 °C for 3.5 min. Second, photolithography on the SU-8 photoresist was performed by exposing the substrate under UV irradiation (the irradiance density is 15 mW cm−2) for 5 s with a mask. After postbaking at 95 °C for 4 min, the photoresist was developed in the developer for 60 s and rinsed in water for 5 s, then obtaining the photoresist micropillars. Finally, the pattern SU-8 photoresist was cured by hard baking for 15 min at 150 °C and exposing it under UV irradiation for its full crosslinking, then yielding stable 1D photoresist micropillars with high mechanical strength and high swelling resistance.
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2

Soft-lithography Fabricated Microfluidic Devices

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Microfluidic devices for SFL were fabricated using soft-lithography. The polydimethylsiloxane elastomer (PDMS; Sylgard 184, Dow Corning) was mixed with a 10% (w/w) curing agent. The PDMS and curing agent mixture were rigorously mixed and poured over the (+) patterned silicon master wafer (SU-8 photoresist, Microchem). After 30 minutes for degassing, the (−) patterned PDMS blocks were molded by baking in an oven at 70 °C for about 12 hours. The fully-cured PDMS (−) pattern was detached from the master wafer. The inlet for the precursor injection and outlet for particle recovery were perforated using 1.0 mm and 10.0 mm punches (Miltex), respectively. The PDMS mixed with 10% (w/w) curing agent was coated to glass slides for the bottoms of the microfluidic devices. The thin-coated glass slides were partly cured at 70 °C for 25 minutes. The PDMS (−) patterns with open inlet and outlet were attached to the pre-mentioned bottoms and cured in the oven for at least 6 hours.
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3

Fabrication of PDMS Microfluidic Chips

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To fabricate the molds for the microfluidic chip, we used a two-layer photolithography method to create SU8 photoresist (Microchem, Japan) patterns with two heights on the silicon wafer; 6–8 mm thick PDMS was then cast on the silicon wafers and disposed at a curing temperature of 70 °C for 3 h. Then, the PDMS piece was peeled from the silicon wafer, with the shape of the designed structures transferred to the surface of the PDMS piece. After cleaning with Scotch Magic tape (Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Corporation) and an oxygen plasma treatment, the PDMS piece was bonded to 0.13 mm thick glass and heated overnight at 70 °C. Before cell loading, the chip was degassed in vacuum for 10 min.
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4

Fabrication of Spiral Microchannels

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The spiral microchannel was fabricated using soft lithographic procedures reported previously.33 Briefly, 130 μm thick SU-8 photo resist (2100, MicroChem) was patterned on a 4 inch Si wafer using photolithography (MA-6 mask aligner, 250 mJ/cm2 exposure energy). PDMS prepolymer (Slygard 184, Dow Corning) was mixed in 10:1 w/w ratio (base, curing agent) and then poured onto the SU-8 mold. After curing, the PDMS layer was peeled off the SU-8 mold. Holes for inlets and outlets were made using a biopsy punch. The PDMS layer was bonded to a glass slide using oxygen plasma treatment.
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5

Fabricating PDMS Microchannels with Nafion Patterning

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The microchannels were fabricated using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (Sylgard 184, Dow Corning Inc., Midland, MI). First, the desired design was patterned on a silicon wafer using SU-8 photoresist (MicroChem, Westborough, MA) to obtain the master mold, which was subsequently treated with trichlorosilane (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) in a vacuum desiccator overnight to prevent adhesion to PDMS. Next, PDMS was poured onto the master mold. After being cured in an oven at 65°C for 3 hours, the PDMS was peeled off from the master. Access holes of 2 mm in diameter were punched in the PDMS at the inlet and outlet. The Nafion strip was patterned on a glass slide by the micro-flow patterning technique using microchannels of 400 μm wide and 50 μm deep, which has a final thickness of 1.5–1.8 μm.53 (link) The PDMS chip was irreversibly bonded to the Nafion-patterned glass slide by plasma bonding using the Femto Science Covance Plasma Cleaner (Hwaseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea).
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6

Lung Cancer Cell Culture Optimization

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All cell-culture reagents were purchased from Life Technologies Corporation (Carlsbad, CA, USA) unless otherwise specified. The materials used during device fabrication were SU-8 photoresist (MicroChem Corp., Newton, MA, USA) and 184 silicone elastomer (Dow Corning Corp., Midland, MI, USA). The non-small-cell lung cancer cell line 95C was cultured at 37 °C in 5% CO2 in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum, 100 units/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin.
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7

Fabrication of 3D-AFT Device on LiNbO3

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The fabrication process for this 3D-AFT device was similar to our previous work.24 (link),26 A photo of the device is shown as Figure S1. Briefly, a pair of metal IDTs were patterned on a LiNbO3 substrate via photolithography, e-beam evaporation and lift-off processes. A microchannel mold was fabricated using SU8 photoresist (MicroChem, USA) and patterned via photolithography. An 800 µm × 5 mm slide glass slide, laser-cut from a micro cover glass (VWR, USA), was placed on the mold structure at a designated position. Then PDMS base and curing agent (Dow Corning, USA) were mixed at a ratio at 10:1 and poured onto the mold. After baking at 65°C for an hour, the PDMS channel with the embedded glass slide was peeled off from the mold, and then bonded to a LiNbO3 substrate using a plasma treatment. Following bonding, the device was baked at 110 °C overnight.
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8

Microfluidic Gradient Droplet Device Fabrication

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The microfluidic gradient droplet device was fabricated using a standard soft lithography process as previously reported [22 (link),23 (link)]. Briefly, a photomask of the device was designed by 2D CAD software (AutoCAD, Autodesk Inc., San Rafael, CA, USA), and the oxidized silicon wafer was spin-coated with a SU-8 photoresist (Microchem Corp, Westborough, MA, USA) at 2000 rpm for 60 s to form a thickness of 50 μm. After pre-exposure baking at 95 °C for 20 min, the wafer was exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light for 10 s through the photomask. The resulting wafer was developed using a SU-8 developer (Microchem Corp, Westborough, MA, USA) and cleaned with deionized (DI) water and nitrogen gas. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, Dow Corning, Midland, MI, USA) was mixed in a ratio of 10:1 (monomer: catalyst), degassed, poured onto the wafer, and then cured at 80 °C for 2 h. The PDMS mold was peeled off and bonded onto a glass slide (Marienfeld, Cologne, Germany) using oxygen plasma treatment (Femto Scientific, Hwaseong, Korea). The fabricated device was treated with chlorotrimethylsilane (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and stored at room temperature before use.
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9

Microfluidic Chip Fabrication for Enrichment and Emulsion

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Two kinds of microfluidic chips were used in this study. One is the enrichment microfluidic chip for which the design is described in our previous study (27 (link)), the other is for emulsion according to a previous design (31 (link)). The master molds were fabricated using lithography that creates SU8 photoresist (Microchem, Japan) patterns on a silicon wafer. Prepolymer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (Sylgard 184; Dow Corning Toray, Japan) was cast on the silicon mold to a thickness of 5 mm and cured at 70°C for 3 h. Then, the PDMS layer was peeled off and bonded to glass after oxygen plasma treatment and heated overnight at 70°C. Before experiments, holes of inlets and outlets were punched and connected with conduits, and the device was sterilized by UV light and preinfused with sterile PBS.
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10

Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices via Soft Lithography

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Masks were designed using AutoCAD and phototraced on transparent film (Selba S.A., Switzerland). Molds were fabricated using standard multilayer soft lithography techniques. Briefly, microfluidic channels were patterned on 4-inch silicon wafers spin coated with 5 mL of SU-8 photoresist (MicroChem Corp., MA, USA), baked, exposed to UV and developed. After cleaning with isopropanol and dried, molds were covered by a 5 mm layer of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, Dow Corning, Sylgard 184) mixed with the curing agent in a ratio 10:1 w/w and baked for 2 hours at 70 °C. After pilling of the PDMS slab, inlets and outlets were drilled with a biopsy puncher of 1.5 mm diameter (Integra Miltex, PA, USA) . The PDMS chip are bound onto a 1 mm thick glass slide (Paul Marienfeld, GmbH & Co. K.G., Germany) sequentially cleaned with acetone and isopropanol, immediately after oxygen plasma exposure. The chips are finally baked at 200°C for 5 hours to make the channels hydrophobic 67 .
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