(FcMeOH,
97%), ferrocenecarboxylic acid (FcCOOH, 97%), potassium chloride (KCl,
99%), and chromium chloride hexahydrate (CrCl3·6H2O, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Mississauga, ON).
Mediator solutions containing 0.9 mM FcMeOH with 0.1 M KCl were regularly
prepared in deionized water (18.2 MΩ cm). The FcMeOH solution
is diluted to half concentration with 1× phosphate-buffered saline
(PBS) when used experimentally. A FcCOOH stock solution of 0.5 mM
was prepared in PBS. At pH 7.4, FcCOOH dissociates into FcCOO– in solution. Stock solutions of 0.5 M CrCl3 were prepared in autoclaved deionized water and syringe filtered
through sterile 0.2 μm Supor Membranes (PALL Life Sciences,
Mississauga, ON). The compound 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide (MTT) was acquired from R&D Systems Inc. (Minneapolis,
MN) in the TACS MTT Cell Proliferation Assay Kit. Spectroscopic grade
dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used to dissolve the formazan crystals
(Caledon Laboratory Ltd., Georgetown, ON).