The rats were anesthetized using isoflurane, with 5% concentration for induction and 2% during handling. They were intubated endotracheally and mechanically ventilated at a rate of 70 breaths per minute. The head was secured with ear bars, and a cannula was inserted into the tail vein for intravenous administration of medetomidine and pancuroniumbromide. Initial bolus injection of medetomidine (0.05 mg/kg, Domitor®, Pfizer, Germany) and pancuroniumbromide (0.5 mg/kg, VWR, Belgium) was followed by a continuous infusion of medetomidine (0.1 mg/kg/h) and pancuroniumbromide (0.5 mg/kg/h) starting 15 min after the bolus injection. The concentration of isoflurane was gradually reduced to 0.4%. Throughout the procedure, the animals' physiological parameters were closely monitored. Body temperature was maintained at 37 ± 0.5°C using a feedback-controlled warm air circuitry system (MR-compatible Small Animal Heating System, SA Instruments, Inc., USA). Breathing rate was recorded using a pressure-sensitive pad (MR-compatible Small Animal Monitoring and Gating system, SA Instruments, Inc., USA) and heart rate and blood oxygenation were monitored using a pulse oximeter placed on the hind paw (MR-compatible Small Animal Monitoring and Gating system, SA Instruments, Inc., USA).
Mr compatible small animal monitoring and gating system
Manufactured by SA Instruments
Sourced in United States
The MR-compatible Small Animal Monitoring and Gating System is a device designed to monitor physiological parameters of small animals during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures. The system is compatible with MRI environments and can provide real-time monitoring of vital signs, such as heart rate and respiration, to facilitate gating or synchronization of the MRI data acquisition process.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Mr compatible small animal heating system, by SA Instruments (5 mentions)
Model 1025, by SA Instruments (2 mentions)
Pancuroniumbromide, by Avantor (2 mentions)
Domitor, by Pfizer (2 mentions)
Paravision 5, by Bruker (2 mentions)
T9562, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Quadrature volume resonator, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Paravision 6, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Avance 3 nmr system, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Isoflo, by Abbott (1 mentions)
8 protocols using mr compatible small animal monitoring and gating system
1
Anesthesia and Physiological Monitoring in Rodents
2
Anesthesia and Monitoring for Small Animal Imaging
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Rats were anesthetized using isoflurane (5% for induction and 2% during handling procedures). The animals were endotracheally intubated and mechanically ventilated (70 breaths per minute) using a ventilator (Microventilator, Carfil, Belgium) under 2% isoflurane. Ear bars were used to fix the head of the animal and a cannula was placed in the tail vein, after which an intravenous bolus injection of medetomidine (0.05 mg/kg, Domitor®, Pfizer, Germany) and pancuroniumbromide (0.5 mg/kg, VWR, Belgium) was administered. The constant intravenous infusion of medetomidine (0.1 mg/kg/h) and pancuroniumbromide (0.5 mg/kg/h) was started 15 min after the administration of the bolus and the isoflurane concentration was gradually lowered to 0.4%. Animal physiology was closely monitored during the handling and the scanning. Body temperature was maintained at 37 ± 0.5 °C using a feedback-controlled warm air circuitry (MR-compatible Small Animal Heating System, SA Instruments, Inc., USA). A pressure-sensitive pad (sampling rate 225 Hz; MR-compatible Small Animal Monitoring and Gating system, SA Instruments, Inc., USA) was used to record the breathing rate. Additionally, a pulse oximeter was placed on the hind paw of the animal to monitor the heart rate and blood oxygenation (MR-compatible Small Animal Monitoring and Gating system, SA Instruments, Inc., USA).
3
High-field MRI of Embryonic and Fetal Hearts
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A 7T preclinical MR system (BioSpec 70/20 USR, Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH) installed with ParaVision 5.1 software (Bruker BioSpin) was used for MRI.26 According to the size of the specimens, 2 different conditions were selected for data acquisition (Table S1 ). A transmit‐receive solenoid coil (inner diameter, 19 mm; Takashima Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) was used for the dissected hearts an embryonic and small fetal samples (CRL, 18–32 mm; 8–12 WGA), and a circular polarized transmit‐receive volume coil (inner diameter, 72 mm, T9562; Bruker BioSpin) was used for large fetal samples (CRL, 43–160 mm; 11–24 WGA). During MR measurements, sample temperature was regulated at 21°C by controlling the temperature of the air supplied in the magnet bore via a heater system (MR‐compatible small animal heating system; SA Instruments Inc.). The temperature of samples was monitored using a thermistor temperature probe and monitoring system (Model 1025, MR‐compatible small animal monitoring and gating system; SA Instruments Inc.).
4
Longitudinal Brain Lesion Imaging in Mice
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To evaluate the extent of brain lesions and their changes over time, an MRI scan was performed in 1 mm slices. Three animals were examined for each genotype at 5, 7, and 9 weeks of age. The same animal was examined twice on days 1 and 14 as the storage period of the MRI-attached breeding room was limited to no longer than two weeks. The mice were anesthetized with isoflurane and laid in the prone position on a cradle. Anesthesia was maintained by inhalation of 2% isoflurane in air at 1.4 L/min through a face mask.
Throughout the MRI measurements, respiratory rate and rectal temperature were monitored using a dedicated system (Model 1025, MR-compatible Small Animal Monitoring and Gating System, SA Instruments, Inc., NY, USA). The body temperature was maintained by a flow of warm air using a heater system (MR-compatible Small Animal Heating System, SA Instruments).
All MR images were obtained with a 4.7 Tesla preclinical MR scanner (BioSpec 47/16 USR, Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany). A quadrature volume resonator (Bruker BioSpin) was used for signal detection. The scanner was operated using ParaVision 6.0.1 (Bruker BioSpin). Two-dimensional multi-slice T2-weighted MR imaging was performed using a rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) sequence. The whole-head images were acquired in three orthogonal (coronal, sagittal, and axial) orientations. The
Throughout the MRI measurements, respiratory rate and rectal temperature were monitored using a dedicated system (Model 1025, MR-compatible Small Animal Monitoring and Gating System, SA Instruments, Inc., NY, USA). The body temperature was maintained by a flow of warm air using a heater system (MR-compatible Small Animal Heating System, SA Instruments).
All MR images were obtained with a 4.7 Tesla preclinical MR scanner (BioSpec 47/16 USR, Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany). A quadrature volume resonator (Bruker BioSpin) was used for signal detection. The scanner was operated using ParaVision 6.0.1 (Bruker BioSpin). Two-dimensional multi-slice T2-weighted MR imaging was performed using a rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) sequence. The whole-head images were acquired in three orthogonal (coronal, sagittal, and axial) orientations. The
5
In Vivo Mouse Brain MRI Imaging
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Mice were anesthetized using 5% isoflurane in O2/N2O and maintained at 2% isoflurane in O2/N2O with a nose cone. Respiration and external body temperature were monitored during imaging using an MR-compatible small animal monitoring and gating system (SA Instruments, Stony Brook, NY, USA). External body temperature was maintained at 37°C with a heating circulator bath (Thermo Scientific Haake, Karlsruhe, Germany). Mouse heads were held in place with a tooth bar inside a custom-built 24 mm diameter, 300 MHz inductively coupled quadrature RF volume coil (NRC Institute for Biodiagnostics, Winnipeg, MB, Canada). The entire apparatus was placed inside a Bruker BGA12-S actively shielded gradient system with integrated shim coils (Bruker BioSpin, Milton, ON, Canada). All MR experiments were performed on a 7 T 21 cm Bruker Avance III NMR system with Paravision 5.0 (Bruker BioSpin). The mouse brain was imaged in prone position rostral to caudal using 12 slices with a slice thickness of 0.75mm and an interslice distance of 1.0mm.
6
Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rat Cardiac Imaging
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Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Studies Committee of Washington University in St. Louis and comply with the standards in the Guide and the Animal Welfare Act. Male Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats and their lean littermates were obtained from Charles River Laboratories, Inc. (Wilmington, MA) and maintained on Purina 5008 chow. On this diet, ZDF rats develop diabetes at 12 weeks of age; hence, all studies were done when the rats were 14–15 weeks old. All animals were provided food and water ad libitum at all times except during imaging. The animals were anesthetized using 2% isoflurane, which was maintained throughout the experimental session. Blood glucose levels were assessed with a Bayer Contour blood glucose monitoring system (Bayer HealthCare LLC, Mishawaka, IN). An IV catheter was placed in the tail vein and flushed with heparin/saline solution was used to administer dobutamine. The temperature was maintained by water blanket and constantly monitored during the scan. The heart rate was monitored using an MR‐compatible small animal monitoring and gating System (SA Instruments, Inc.)
7
Monitoring Brain Tumor Growth with MRI/MRS
8
Mouse Anesthesia and Imaging Setup
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All imaging experiments were performed on spontaneously breathing mice under isoflurane (Isoflo®, Abbot Laboratories Ltd.) anesthesia (induction 3% -maintenance 1.8%), administered in a gaseous mixture of 30% O2 and 70% N2. Respiration rate, monitored with a small animal respiration pad (MRcompatible Small Animal Monitoring and Gating System, SA instruments, Inc.), was maintained within normal physiological ranges. Rectal temperature was maintained at 37.0±0.2°C using a feedback coupled warm air system (MR-compatible Small Animal Heating System, SA Instruments, Inc.). To immobilize the head in a reproducible flat-skull position during the MRI experiments, mice were secured in an MRI compatible mouse stereotactic device. The head was held by a nose coneincluding tooth bar -used for anesthetic gas delivery and blunt earplugs. The tail vein was cannulated with a 26-gauge needle (BD Vasculon Plus, Helsingborg, Sweden) for subsequent contrast agent injection. An actively decoupled surface array (2x2) receiver coil was positioned on top of the head. Homogeneous radiofrequency (RF) excitation was achieved using a proton volume resonator.
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