Glycohyodeoxycholic acid

The composition of bile acid from the offspring’s feces was analyzed according to a previously reported method (25 (link)). Stock solutions of all bile acids were prepared by dissolving the compounds in molecular biology grade Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). These solutions were used to establish a standard curve. Cholic acid (CA), Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), Lithocholic acid (LCA), Beta-muricholic acid(β-MCA), Ursodeoxycholic (UDCA), Hyocholic acid (HCA), Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), Taurocholic acid (TCA), Taurodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), Tauro-beta-muricholic acid (T-β-MCA), Glycohyodeoxycholic acid (GHDCA), Glycolic acid (GCA) and Glycine-β-muricholic Acid (G-β-MCA) (Sigma-Aldrich) was used as internal standards. HPLC-grade solvents were used to prepare and run UPLC-MS samples. All data were analyzed using Agilent Chem Station.

ANIT, carbamazepine, mycophenolic acid, and reference standards for 18 BAs, including CA, glycocholic acid, TCA, CDCA, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, TCDCA, deoxycholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, UDCA, glycoursodeoxycholic acid, TUDCA, LCA, glycolithocholic acid, taurolithocholic acid, hyodeoxycholic acid, glycohyodeoxycholic acid, and taurohyodeoxycholic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Chromatography-grade acetonitrile was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Water was purified using a MilliQ water system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Chromatography-grade acetic acid, formic acid, and methanol were provided by Tedia Company (Fairfield, OH, USA).

ANIT, carbamazepine, mycophenolic acid, cholic acid (CA), glycocholic acid (GCA), taurocholic acid (TCA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), deoxycholic acid (DCA), glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA), taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA), tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), lithocholic acid (LCA), glycolithocholic acid (GLCA), taurolithocholic acid (TLCA), hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), glycohyodeoxycholic acid (GHDCA), and taurohyodeoxycholic acid (THDCA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Chromatography grade acetonitrile was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Water was purified using a MilliQ water system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Chromatography grade acetic acid, formic acid, and methanol were provided by Tedia Company (Fairfield, OH, USA).