Contrast-enhanced abdomen computed tomography (CT) studies were conducted using a Philips Brilliance iCT256, United States, or a Siemens Somatom Sensation 16 Slice CT, Germany. The examination parameters included a detector coverage of 128 × 0.625 (Philips Brilliance iCT256) or 16 × 0.75 (Siemens Somatom Sensation 16 Slice CT), a pitch of 0.91 (Philips Brilliance iCT256) or 1 (Siemens Somatom Sensation 16 Slice CT), a rotation time of 0.5 s, a section thickness of 5 mm, and a reconstruction interval of 5 mm for all images. Additional reconstructions were performed at a section thickness of 1 mm and a reconstruction interval of 0.7 mm for detailed interpretation. A total of 120 mL of nonionic iodinated contrast material with an iodine concentration of 350 mg/mL was injected. Scans were acquired in the portal venous phase by using a SmartPrep protocol, with the enhancement threshold set at 120 HU.
Somatom sensation 16 slice ct
Manufactured by Siemens
Sourced in Germany
The Somatom Sensation 16 slice CT is a medical imaging device manufactured by Siemens. It is a computed tomography (CT) scanner that can capture 16 slices of the body simultaneously. The Somatom Sensation 16 slice CT is designed to produce high-quality, detailed images of the internal structures of the body.
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Lab products found in correlation
5 protocols using somatom sensation 16 slice ct
1
Contrast-Enhanced Abdominal CT Imaging
2
Evaluation of Anthropomorphic Skull Phantom Radiography Simulation
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The physical patient model was an anthropomorphic skull phantom (3M, Maplewood, MN, USA). The real radiographs were acquired directly from this phantom using projection radiography techniques.
This same patient model was then digitised. The phantom was scanned using a Somatom Sensation 16 slice CT (Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). A 184 × 512×512 array of 16 bit voxels was acquired. The pixel size of each tomographic slice was 0.46 mm, the slice thickness was 1 mm and the slice spacing was 1 mm. This data was acquired in collaboration with the company specifically for this research project.
The commercial simulation (ProjectionVRTM, Shaderware) is claimed to be ‘fast and capable of running on a wide range of computer hardware’.17 There are computational speed advantages to symmetrical arrays when programming directly in video memory using the graphics GPU.42 One technique to increase computational efficiency is to resample 16 bit CT data to 8 bit and pack it into a 256 × 256 × 256 array in the simulator (Private communication). Both of these decisions potentially limit the image quality of the final DRRs.
This same patient model was then digitised. The phantom was scanned using a Somatom Sensation 16 slice CT (Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). A 184 × 512×512 array of 16 bit voxels was acquired. The pixel size of each tomographic slice was 0.46 mm, the slice thickness was 1 mm and the slice spacing was 1 mm. This data was acquired in collaboration with the company specifically for this research project.
The commercial simulation (ProjectionVRTM, Shaderware) is claimed to be ‘fast and capable of running on a wide range of computer hardware’.17 There are computational speed advantages to symmetrical arrays when programming directly in video memory using the graphics GPU.42 One technique to increase computational efficiency is to resample 16 bit CT data to 8 bit and pack it into a 256 × 256 × 256 array in the simulator (Private communication). Both of these decisions potentially limit the image quality of the final DRRs.
3
Helical CT Chest Imaging Protocol
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Non-contrast enhanced, multi-detector helical CT examinations were performed using a Siemens Somatom sensation 16 slice CT (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). Scans were done in a supine position and covered the entire chest during full inspiration. The scanning parameters were 16 × 0.75 mm collimation, 120 kV, rotation time 0.5 s and pitch 1.5. Dose modulation was used resulting in a mean of 180 mA. Axial images with 1 mm thickness and 0.5 mm overlap were reconstructed with filtered back projection and a medium high spatial resolution algorithm (B60f) in a 512 × 512 matrix.
4
PET/CT Simulation and Fusion for Radiotherapy
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All patients underwent PET/CT simulation in the supine position, while immobilized with a customized thermoplastic mask and using the Biograph 16 HI-REZ PET/CT scanner (Siemens Healthcare, Hoffman Estates, IL, USA). The PET component was a high-resolution scanner with a spatial resolution of 4.7 mm and no septa, thus allowing 3D-only acquisitions. The CT component used was the Somatom Sensation 16-slice CT (Siemens Healthcare). The CT scanner was used for attenuation correction of the PET results and for localization of FDG uptake in the PET images. All patients were advised to fast for ≥6 h prior to PET/CT examination. Following injection of ~5 MBq FDG per kg of body weight, the patients were rested for a period of ~60 min in a comfortable chair. Emission images ranging from the proximal femur to the base of the skull were acquired for 2–3 min per bed position. The field of view was 50 cm, with a matrix of 512×512 pixels for CT and 128×128 pixels for PET. The processed images were exhibited in coronal, transverse and sagittal planes. Following image acquisition, PET and CT data sets were sent to the treatment planning system, Pinnacle system (Philips Medical Systems, Milpitas, CA, USA), through compact discs. The CT and PET images were subsequently fused by means of a dedicated RT planning system image fusion tool based on a mutual information algorithm.
5
Thoracic CT Imaging Without Contrast
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Multi-detector helical computed tomography examinations, without any contrast medium, were performed using a Siemens Somatom Sensation 16 slice CT (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). Scans were performed in a supine position and covered the entire thorax. The scanning was performed with 16×0.75 mm collimation, 120 kV, rotation time 0.5 s and pitch 1.5. Dose modulation was used resulting in a mean of approximately 180 mA. Subjects were then guided to hold their breath at end-expiration and sequential scans were obtained with 10 mm intervals. Axial images with 1 mm thickness and 0.5 mm overlap were reconstructed with a medium-high spatial resolution algorithm (B60f) in a 512×512 matrix. The end-expiratory scans were reconstructed as single slices in a similar way.
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