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408 protocols using zeocin

1

HEK 293 Cell-Based Receptor Activation Assay

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HEK 293 cells (Invivogen, San Diego, CA, USA) were initially cultured in DMEM with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum, 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 mg/mL streptomycin and 100 mg/mL Normocin™ (Invivogen, San Diego, CA, USA). After the 3rd passage, selective antibiotics were added to the growth medium as required: (1) null: 100 μg/mL of ZeocinTM (Invivogen, San Diego, USA); (2) TLR2 and TLR4: 1X HEK-BlueTM selection (Invivogen, San Diego, USA); (3) NOD2: 30 μg/mL of blasticidin (Invivogen, San Diego, USA) and 100 μg/mL of Zeocin (Invivogen, San Diego, USA). The cell cultures were renewed with the use of PBS and without centrifuging when confluency reached 80% of the bottle. Finally, the cells were kept at 37 °C with 5% CO2 and appropriate humidity.
On the day of the stimulation, cells were detached with PBS, counted and dissolved in HEK-BlueTM Detection (Invivogen, San Diego, CA, USA) (~140,000 cells/mL). Then, 190 μL of the cell suspension was added to each well in the 96-well plate and stimulated with the studied samples (10 µL). Since HEK 293 cells are co-transfected with SEAP (secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase) genes, stimulation followed by the activation of analyzed receptors gave a colorimetric reaction that was developing over time and which was measured with an absorbance read at 490, 510 and 530 nm.
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2

STING Binding Assay for Mouse and Human Variants

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Mouse STING binding kits, human STING WT binding kits, human AQ STING binding kits, human H232 STING binding kits were purchased from Cisbio. 293T mSTING (ISG/KI-IFNb) cells, 293T hSTING-R232 (ISG/KI-IFNb) cells, THP1-KI-hSTING-R232 cells, THP1-KO-STING cells were purchased from Invivogen. 293T mSTING cells and 293T hSTING-R232 cells were cultured using DMEM (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA), 2 mM L-glutamine (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 4.5 g/L glucose (Sigma-Aldrich), 10% FBS (Gibco), Pen-Strep (100 U/mL-100 μM) (Gibco), 100 μM normocin (Invivogen, San Diego, CA, USA), and supplemented with selective antibiotics (Invivogen) blasticidin (10 µM), hygromycin (100 µM) and zeocin (100 µM). THP1-KO-STING cells and THP1-KI-hSTING-R232 cells were cultured using RPMI-1640 (Gibco), 2 mM L-glutamine (Sigma-Aldrich), 25 mM HEPES (Sigma-Aldrich), 10% heat-inactivated FBS (Gibco), Pen-Strep (100 U/mL-100 μM) (Gibco), 100 μM normocin (Invivogen), and supplemented with selective antibiotics (Invivogen) blasticidin (10 μM) and zeocin (100 μM). QUANTI-Blue solution, QUANTI-Luc, 2′,3′-cGAMP were purchased from Invivogen. H151 was obtained from Beijing Innochem Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay kit was obtained from Promega.
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3

Macrophage Differentiation and Stimulation

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THP-1 cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA) and were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco by Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Hyclone, Logan, UT). THP-1 XBlue cells were purchased from InvivoGen (San Diego, CA). Zeocin (200 μg/ml; InvivoGen) selection antibiotic was added to Zeocin-resistant THP-1 XBlue cells in culture. THP-1 and THP-1 XBlue cells were differentiated into macrophage-like cells by culturing cells in RPMI medium +10% FBS supplemented with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 10 ng/ml; BioShop Canada Inc., Burlington, ON) for 48 hours, followed by a wash with RPMI + 10% FBS and subsequent 48 hour incubation in fresh culture medium. Recombinant human IL-27 was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN). LPS from Escherichia coli 0111:B4 (LPS-E) and LPS from Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) (LPS-S) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Flagellin (Ultrapure) from S. typhimurium was purchased from InvivoGen.
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4

Zika Virus ZIKV Infection Protocol

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The clinical isolate PF-25013-18 (PF13) of ZIKV has been previously described [10 (link)]. Cell lines used in this study included the A549-Dual™cell line (InvivoGen, a549d-nfis), referred to hereafter as “A549 cells”, and the HEK-Blue™ IFN-α/β cell line (InvivoGen, San Diego, CA, USA) which possesses the HEK-293A backbone and is referred to hereafter as “HEK-293A cells”. Both cell lines were cultured at 37 °C with 5% CO2 in MEM Eagle medium, supplemented with 10% heat inactivated fetal bovine serum and 2 mmol·L−1l-Glutamine, 1 mmol·L−1 sodium pyruvate, 100 U·mL−1 of penicillin, 0.1 mg·mL−1 of streptomycin and 0.5 µg·mL−1 of fungizone (PAN Biotech, Aidenbach, Germany). Additionally, A549 cellular growth medium was supplemented with 10 µg·mL−1 blasticidin and 100 μg·mL−1 zeocin (InvivoGen) and HEK-293A cell growth medium was supplemented with 30 µg·mL−1 blasticidin and 100 μg·mL−1 zeocin (InvivoGen). Cells were harvested and stored as frozen pellets for further protein or mRNA analysis.
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5

Cell Culture and Maintenance of Immune Cell Lines

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Parental THP-1 cells and THP1-XBlue-CD14 reporter cells (carrying an NF-κB/AP-1-inducible SEAP reporter construct) were obtained from InvivoGen (USA) and cultured in RPMI medium (GE Healthcare, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS, Thermo Scientific, USA), 50 U/ml penicillin, 50 μg/ml streptomycin, 2 mM glutamine, and 0.1 M NaHCO3 (all PanEco, Russia) at 37°C with 5% CO2. 200 μg/ml Zeocin, and 250 μg/ml G418 (both InvivoGen, USA) was included in the culture medium for the THP1-XBlue-CD14 reporter cell line.
HEK-Blue-hTLR4, HEK-Blue-hNOD2 and control HEK-Blue-Null2 cells were obtained from Invivogen (USA) and maintained in DMEM medium (GE Healthcare, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (Thermo scientific, USA), 50 U/ml penicillin, 50 μg/ml streptomycin, 2 mM glutamine, 0.1 M NaHCO3 (all PanEco, Russia), and 200 μg/ml Zeocin (InvivoGen, USA) at 37°C with 5% CO2.
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6

Lentiviral Transduction of Jurkat T Cells

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A suspension of Jurkat T cells was prepared in fresh RPMI medium with 10% FBS at a concentration of 2 × 106 cells/mL containing 16 µg/mL of polybrene (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA, H9268) and plated in 24-well plates at 500 µL/well. Serial dilutions of lentiviral supernatant were prepared in fresh medium and added to each well at 500 µL/well, resulting in a final concentration of polybrene of 8 µg/mL [38 (link)]. Cells were incubated at 37 °C; 24 h later, another 1000 µL of fresh medium was added to each well. At 48 h post-transduction, half of the cells were analyzed for transduction efficiency based on GFP and CAR expression at the cell surface as measured by flow cytometry. The remaining cells were recovered by centrifugation and resuspended in fresh medium containing 200 µg/mL of zeocin (Invivogen, San Diego, CA, USA, #ant-zn) at a concentration of 0.2 × 106 cells/mL. Cells were kept under zeocin selection for 3 to 4 weeks with regular medium exchange and cell dilution, until reaching 1 × 106 cells/mL. Thereafter, CAR-Jurkat T cells were reanalyzed for CAR expression by flow cytometry and Western blotting.
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7

Cell Line Culture and Maintenance Conditions

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Cell lines were kept in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2 at 37°C. All media contained 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS, PAN biotech), penicillin (100 U/ml) and streptomycin (100 μg/ml). For culture of stable mGPR17-HEK293, rGPR17-HEK293 and hGPR17–1321N1 Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) was supplemented with G418 (500 μg/ml or 800 μg/ml) (InvivoGen), for 3HA-hGPR17-HEK293 (later named hGPR17-HEK293) with zeocin (56 μg/ml) (InvivoGen), for 3HA-hGPR17-Rluc / GFP2-β-arrestin2-HEK293 with zeocin (56 μg/ml) and G418 (500 μg/ml).
Flp-In™ T-REx CHO cells stably expressing hGPR17 (hGPR17-CHO-FITR) were maintained in DMEM with nutrient mixture F-12 (DMEM/F12) supplemented with hygromycin B (500 μg/ml) and blasticidin (30 μg/ml). Expression from the Flp-In locus was induced by treatment with doxycycline (1 μg/ml) for 16–20 h. mGPR17-CHO-Flp-In and rGPR17-CHO-Flp-In were cultivated in Ham’s F-12 nutrient mix with GlutaMAX and 600 mg/ml hygromycin B. For hM1-CHO cells, G418 (200 μg/ml) was added to Ham’s F-12 nutrient mix with GlutaMAX.
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8

HEK293 Stable Cell Line Generation

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Wild-type HEK293 T-Rex Flp-In cells (Thermo Fischer Scientific) were grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (Thermo Fisher Scientific) supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Thermo Fisher Scientific), 100 U ml−1 Penicillin–Streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific), 100 µg ml−1 zeocin (InvivoGen), and 10 µg ml−1 blasticidin (InvivoGen). Originating from these cells, transgenic cell lines with stable integration of constructs were generated by co-transfection of cloned FRT-plasmids (this study, see section “Plasmids”) with the Flp recombinase expression vector pOG44 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) as previously described62 (link). Positive clones of these cell lines were selected and cultured in the same media as described above except using 100 µg ml−1 hygromycin (InvivoGen) instead of zeocin.
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9

THP-1 Cell Culture and Maintenance

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Human monocytic THP-1 cells were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and grown in RPMI-1640 culture medium (Gibco, Life Technologies, Grand Island, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco, Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA), 2 mM glutamine (Gibco, Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY, USA), 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 10 mM HEPES, 100 ug/ml Normocin, 50 U/ml penicillin and 50 μg/ml streptomycin (P/S; (Gibco, Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY, USA). They were incubated at 37°C (with humidity) in 5% CO2. TLR4-/- THP1 cells were purchased from InvivoGen (San Diego, CA, USA) and cultured in a complete RPMI medium containing Blasticidin and Zeocin antibiotics. THP1-defMyD (MyD88-/-) cells were purchased from InvivoGen (San Diego, CA, USA) and cultured in a complete RPMI medium containing Zeocin (200 μg/ml) and HygroGold (100 μg/ml). THP1 with control plasmid was purchased from InvivoGen (San Diego, CA, USA) and cultured in a complete RPMI medium containing Zeocin (200 μg/ml). Before stimulation, THP-1 cells were transferred into a normal medium.
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10

Sertoli Cell NFkB Activation Assay

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The pNifty2-SEAP plasmid (Invivogen) was transfected using Attractene reagent (Qiagen) for 48 hours in 1.105 15 P-1 Sertoli cells. Following 72 hours, the stimulated Sertoli cells were selected with Zeocin (250 μg/mL, Invivogen) for 5 days and subsequently cultured in the presence of 100 μg/mL Zeocin thereafter. Upon challenge with iE-DAP, MDP, or both, in separate experiments, nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) activation was monitored live via the secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) release in collected cultivation media using a colorimetric detection (Invivogen), at 405 nm (BMC FLOWStar Optima reader).
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