Amphotericin

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, France, Switzerland

Amphotericin is a polyene antifungal medication used in the treatment of serious fungal infections. It is a laboratory product used in the identification, research, and development of fungal species and antifungal therapies.

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Close spelling variants of this product

Penicillin/streptomycin/amphotericin (39 citations) Gentamicin/amphotericin B (35 citations) Gentamicin/amphotericin (27 citations) Penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin B solution (23 citations) Amphotericin B solution (12 citations) Gentamicin/amphotericin solution (10 citations) Gentamycin/amphotericin (8 citations) Gentamicin/amphotericin B solution (5 citations) Streptomycin–penici1lin–amphotericin B solution (4 citations) Penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin B (PSA) (4 citations)

148 protocols using amphotericin

Cell Culture Conditions for Cancer Cell Lines

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All cells were cultured in a 37°C 5% CO2 humidified incubator. The MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, its highly metastatic derivative, MDA-LM2 (Minn et al., 2005 (link)), and 293LTV cells were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS, glucose (4.5g/L), L-glutamine (4mM), sodium pyruvate (1mM), penicillin (100 units/mL), streptomycin (100 μg/mL) and amphotericin (1μg/mL) (Gibco). The H1299, H1975, and H1650 lung cancer cell lines were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, glucose (2g/L), L-glutamine (2mM), sodium pyruvate (1mM), penicillin (100 units/mL), streptomycin (100 μg/mL) and amphotericin (1μg/mL) (Gibco). The A549 lung cancer cell line was cultured in F-12K medium supplemented with 10% FBS, penicillin (100 units/mL), streptomycin (100 μg/mL) and amphotericin (1μg/mL) (Gibco).

Fish L., Navickas A., Culbertson B., Xu Y., Nguyen H.C., Zhang S., Hochman M., Okimoto R., Dill B.D., Molina H., Najafabadi H.S., Alarcón C., Ruggero D, & Goodarzi H. (2019). Nuclear TARBP2 drives oncogenic dysregulation of RNA splicing and decay. Molecular cell, 75(5), 967-981.e9.

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Cell Culture Conditions for Cancer Cell Lines

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All cells were cultured in a 37°C 5% CO2 humidified incubator. The MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, its highly metastatic derivative, MDA-LM2 (Minn et al., 2005 (link)), and 293LTV cells were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS, glucose (4.5g/L), L-glutamine (4mM), sodium pyruvate (1mM), penicillin (100 units/mL), streptomycin (100 μg/mL) and amphotericin (1μg/mL) (Gibco). The H1650 and H1299 lung cancer cell lines were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, glucose (2g/L), L-glutamine (2mM), sodium pyruvate (1mM), penicillin (100 units/mL), streptomycin (100 μg/mL) and amphotericin (1μg/mL) (Gibco). The A549 lung cancer cell line was cultured in F-12K medium supplemented with 10% FBS, penicillin (100 units/mL), streptomycin (100 μg/mL) and amphotericin (1μg/mL) (Gibco). The MDA-MB-231, MDA-LM2, and H1975 cells lines are female. The H1650, H1299, and A549 cell lines are male. All cell lines were routinely screened for mycoplasma with a PCR-based assay.

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Engineered Mouse Oncogene-Negative Cell Lines

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Mouse oncogene-negative cell lines were generated from tumors initiated in Trp53^flox/flox;TC BL6 mice four months after transduction with Lenti-sgNf1-sgRasa1-sgPten/Cre. After dissociation of tumors, cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco), and 0.1% Amphotericin (Life Technologies). HC494 and MW389T2 (Kras^G12D and Trp53 mutant) lung adenocarcinoma cells were previously generated. Human oncogene-negative cell lines (NCI-H1838, NCI-H1623) and oncogene-positive cell lines (A549, H2009, NCI-H2009, SW1573, HOP62, NCI-H358, NCI-H1792) were purchased from ATCC and cultured in RPMI supplemented with 5%FBS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco), and 0.1% Amphotericin (Life Technologies). We performed mycoplasma testing using MycoAlert^™ Mycoplasma Detection Kit (Lonza). Cell were maintained at 37°C in a humidified incubator at 5% CO₂. NCI-H1838 and NCI-H1623 cell lines do not have any genomic mutation in components of PI3K pathway. Mutations of these two cell lines in components of RAS pathway are indicated below (extracted from DepMap):
NCI-H1838 mutations in RAS pathway: NF1(p.N184fs) and IQGAP2 (p.P780L)
NCI-H1623 mutations in RAS pathway: RASA1 (p.A47fs), FGFR2 (p.A355S), and ERF (p.G255C)

Yousefi M., Boross G., Weiss C., Murray C.W., Hebert J.D., Cai H., Ashkin E.L., Karmakar S., Andrejka L., Chen L., Wang M., Tsai M.K., Lin W.Y., Li C., Yakhchalian P., Colón C.I., Chew S.K., Chu P., Swanton C., Kunder C.A., Petrov D.A, & Winslow M.M. (2022). Combinatorial inactivation of tumor suppressors efficiently initiates lung adenocarcinoma with therapeutic vulnerabilities. Cancer research, 82(8), 1589-1602.

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Cell Lines for Cancer Research

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The following cancer cell lines were used: HEK293 (transformed human kidney cells), HT1080 (human fibrosarcoma), A431 (human epidermoid carcinoma), and Calu1 (human epidermoid lung carcinoma) from ECACC (Salisbury, UK), and C26 (murine colon adenocarcinoma) from Cell Lines Service (CLS GmbH, Eppelheim, Germany).
Sarcoma 37, Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), and cervical squamous carcinoma (CSC5) mouse tumors were obtained from the Department of Tumor Strains of Blokhin RRCO RAMS (Moscow, Russia).
Tumor cell lines LLC, CSC5 и S37 were obtained by culturing dissociated cells from the corresponding transplantable mouse tumors in RPMI 1640 medium.
S37, CSC5 and C26 cell lines were grown in RPMI1640 medium containing 12.5% fetal calf serum, 60 μg/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, and 0.25 μg/ml amphotericin at 37°C and 5% CO₂.
All other cells were grown in DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum, 60 μg/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, and 0.25 μg/ml amphotericin at 37°C and 5% CO₂.
All materials for cell culturing were obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA).

Alekseenko I.V., Snezhkov E.V., Chernov I.P., Pleshkan V.V., Potapov V.K., Sass A.V., Monastyrskaya G.S., Kopantzev E.P., Vinogradova T.V., Khramtsov Y.V., Ulasov A.V., Rosenkranz A.A., Sobolev A.S., Bezborodova O.A., Plyutinskaya A.D., Nemtsova E.R., Yakubovskaya R.I, & Sverdlov E.D. (2015). Therapeutic properties of a vector carrying the HSV thymidine kinase and GM-CSF genes and delivered as a complex with a cationic copolymer. Journal of Translational Medicine, 13, 78.

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Aβ-induced Stress in bEnd.3 Cells

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bEnd.3 cells were obtained from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA) and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco), 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 mg/mL streptomycin, and 100 mg/mL amphotericin (Gibco) at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO₂; cells were subcultured every 2 days.
Cells were allowed to reach 90% confluence and then divided into five groups: control, 20 µM Aβ_1–42, 20 µM Aβ_1–42 and 50 µM Hyp, 20 µM Aβ_1–42 and 200 µM Hyp, and 20 µM Aβ_1–42 and 500 µM Hyp. After pretreatment with or without Hyp for 2 hours, bEnd.3 cells were cultivated with or without Aβ 20 µM for 24 hours, and then examined by different experimental approaches.

Liu C.Y., Bai K., Liu X.H., Zhang L.M, & Yu G.R. (2018). Hyperoside protects the blood-brain barrier from neurotoxicity of amyloid beta 1–42. Neural Regeneration Research, 13(11), 1974-1980.

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Sterilized Culture Medium Composition

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The sterilized culture medium was composed of 55 % DMEM, 32.5 % Hanks’ balanced salt solution (HBSS; Gibco, Stockholm, Sweden), 10 % fetal bovine serum (FCS; Gibco, Stockholm, Sweden), 1.5 % glucose (Gibco, Stockholm, Sweden) and 1 % Hepes (Gibco, Stockholm, Sweden). At plating, antibiotics (10,000 U/ml penicillin, 10 mg/ml streptomycin, 25 μg/ml amphotericin; Gibco, Stockholm, Sweden) were added to the medium to a final concentration of 1 % and from the first medium change antibiotics were excluded.

Hashemian S., O’Rourke C., Phillips J.B., Strömberg I, & af Bjerkén S. (2015). Embryonic and mature astrocytes exert different effects on neuronal growth in rat ventral mesencephalic slice cultures. SpringerPlus, 4, 558.

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Isolation and Characterization of ADSCs

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Liposuctioned samples were collected from healthy patients after obtaining their written consent according to the ethics of Stem Cell Technology Research Center (Tehran, Iran). Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were isolated according to a previously published procedure.^{10 (link)} Isolated cells were cultured in DMEM (Gibco, Cat. No. 21885025) supplemented with 10% FBS (Gibco, Cat. No. 10270106), 1% pen/strep (Gibco, Cat. No. 15070063), and 1% amphotericin (Gibco, Cat. No. R01510). Cells used for differentiation experiments were collected after 3 to 6 subcultures.
To confirm the multipotent characteristics of the isolated cells, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiations were conducted and then treated cells were stained by Alizarin Red (Fisher Chemical, CAS Number: 130-22-3) and oil Red (Acros Organics, CAS Number: 1320-06-5), respectively. Moreover, expression levels of CD₉₀, CD₁₀, CD₃₄, and CD₄₅ were analyzed by flow cytometry and the histograms were drawn using color codes.

Hesari R., Keshvarinia M., Kabiri M., Rad I., Parivar K., Hoseinpoor H., Tavakoli R., Soleimani M., Kouhkan F., Zamanluee S, & Hanaee-Ahvaz H. (2019). Comparative impact of platelet rich plasma and transforming growth factor-β on chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells. BioImpacts : BI, 10(1), 37-43.

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Fluorescence-based Nitric Oxide Imaging

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Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and Nω-nitro-L-arginine (LNNA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Vienna, Austria). Fura-2-acetoxymethyl ester (fura-2/am), tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester perchlorate (TMRM) was purchased from Invitrogen (San Diego, CA, USA). TransFast™ transfection reagent was obtained from Promega (Mannheim, Germany). Antibodies against eNOS and nNOS were obtained from BD Transduction Laboratories™ (Schwechat, Austria), alpha-tubulin was from Cell Signaling Technology^® (Cambridge, UK). Adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) and L-arginine were purchased from Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). Ionomycin was obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). NOC-7 was from Santa Cruz (San Diego, CA, USA). The geNOps probes and the Iron(II) booster solution were from Next Generation Fluorescence Imaging GmbH - NGFI, Graz, Austria (www.ngfi.eu). Fetal Calf Serum (FCS), 100× Penicilin/Streptomycin, and Amphotericin were purchased form GIBCO (Invitrogen, Austria). Geneticin (G418) was purchased form Sigma Aldrich (Vienna, Austria).

Eroglu E., Hallström S., Bischof H., Opelt M., Schmidt K., Mayer B., Waldeck-Weiermair M., Graier W.F, & Malli R. (2017). Real-time visualization of distinct nitric oxide generation of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in single cells. Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry, 70, 59-67.

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Pharmacological Reagents for Cell Culture

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The drugs used in the present study were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO), unless indicated otherwise: plasmocin (Fisher Scientific, Hampton, NH); EGF, dexamethasone, triiodothyronine, insulin-transferrin-selenium (ITS, 1X, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA); penicillin/streptomycin (1X, Invitrogen); fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen); amphotericin (Gibco Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gaithersburg, MD), and G418 (Millipore-Sigma-EMD, Burlington, MA), (−)-quinpirole hydrochloride, (S)-(−)sulpiride, LiCl, bromocriptine mesylate, L-glutamine, HEPES, sodium pyruvate, and 2-mercaptoethanol.

Han F., Konkalmatt P., Mokashi C., Kumar M., Zhang Y., Ko A., Farino Z.J., Asico L.D., Xu G., Gildea J., Zheng X., Felder R.A., Lee R.E., Jose P.A., Freyberg Z, & Armando I. (2019). Dopamine D2 receptor modulates Wnt expression and control of cell proliferation. Scientific Reports, 9, 16861.

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Establishment of ER+ PDX Primary Cell Lines

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ER+ PDX models were kindly provided by Alana L. Welm (HCI011) and Matthew Ellis (WHIM9). All PDXs were maintained in SCID/Beige mice. PDX-HCI011 primary cell line was successfully generated from freshly harvested orthotopic tumors in RPMI medium supplemented with 15–20% FBS, 1X antibiotics Penicillin/Streptomycin and 1X antimycotic Amphotericin (Gibco#15240062). Media was changed every 48 hours.

Bado I.L., Zhang W., Hu J., Xu Z., Wang H., Sarkar P., Li L., Wan Y.W., Liu J., Wu W., Lo H.C., Kim I.S., Singh S., Janghorban M., Muscarella A.M., Goldstein A., Singh P., Jeong H.H., Liu C., Schiff R., Huang S., Ellis M.J., Gaber M.W., Gugala Z., Liu Z, & Zhang X.H. (2021). The bone microenvironment increases phenotypic plasticity of ER+ breast cancer cells. Developmental cell, 56(8), 1100-1117.e9.

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