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37 protocols using sureselect xt human all exon v5 kit

1

Whole Exome Sequencing of hiPSC Lines

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Whole exome sequencing was performed by Takara Bio Inc. Genomic DNA was isolated from hiPSCs using a NucleoSpin Tissue Kit (Macherey-Nagel). DNA (3 μg) was sheared into peak fragment size of 300 bp using a Covaris S2 sonicator (Covaris) and used to conduct end-repair, A-addition, and adaptor ligation with SureSelect XT reagents (Agilent Technologies). Target sequences were enriched with SureSelect XT Human All Exon Kit V5 (Agilent Technologies). Sequencing was performed on a HiSeq 2500 System (Illumina) using a 100 bp paired-end protocol. More than 15 Gbp of read data were generated for each sample of hiPSC line. After trimming the adaptor sequences and quality filtering using Trimmomatic [16 (link)], the reads were mapped to the reference genome (hg 19) using BWA-MEM [17 ], followed by duplicate read removal. Genomic variants, including SNV and short indels, were annotated using SnpEff [18 (link)], Human genetic variation database (HGVD) [19 (link)] and the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) database [20 (link)], and related to a gene list including the Cancer Gene Census provided in the COSMIC database (S2 Table). The NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) accession number for the whole exome sequencing data is SRP134676.
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2

Whole Exome Sequencing from Blood

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Blood was drawn in EDTA tubes, and DNA was extracted from blood samples using Wizard Genomic DNA Purification Kit (Promega). WES was carried out by using 1 µg of genomic DNA per sample. Genomic DNA was fragmented into a library of small segments that can be uniformly and accurately sequenced in millions of parallel reactions. Exomes were captured using a commercial enrichment kit (Agilent SureSelectXT Human All Exon KitV5). Uncaptured DNA was washed off. Bounded DNA was clonally amplified and sequenced on Illumina HiSeq2000 to generate paired-end, 100 bp reads. Real-time image analysis and base calling were performed by sequence control software realtime analysis and CASAVA software V. 1.8 (Illumina). We achieved a mean coverage of 61× without duplicates, with 81% of target covered at least 10×.
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3

Whole-Exome Sequencing of Lung Tumors

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Exomes of 11 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded lung tumor tissues and paired blood samples were captured using the SureSelectXT Human All Exon V5 kit (5190-6208, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Sequencing libraries were constructed for the HiSeq2500 system (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) and sequenced using the 100-bp paired-end mode of the Hiseq PE Cluster kit v4 (PE-401-4001, Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA), and the Hiseq SBS kit v4 (PE-401-4003, Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). Exome-sequencing reads were aligned to the hg38 reference genome using BWA-0.7.17. Putative duplications were marked by Picard (version picard-tools-2.18.2-SNAPSHOT). Sites potentially harboring small insertions or deletions were realigned, and recalibrated by employing GATK (v4.0.5.1) modules with known variant sites identified from phase 3 of the 1000 Genomes Project and dbSNP-151. GATK4 Mutect2 was used to call somatic mutations. The whole-exome sequencing (WES) coverage used was 100× for the tumors and 50× for the paired blood samples.
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4

Whole-Exome Sequencing of Bulk Tumor and Blood

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WES and data processing were performed as previously described [16 (link)]. Briefly, genomic DNA was extracted from the bulk tumor and whole blood using the QIAamp® DNA mini kit (Qiagen, Germantown, MD, USA) and QIAamp DNA blood maxi kit (Qiagen), respectively. Exome sequences were enriched using the SureSelect XT Human All Exon V5 kit (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and sequenced in the 100-bp paired-end mode on the HiSeq 2500 system (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). The tumor and matched blood DNA were sequenced to 100× and 50× coverages, respectively. The sequencing reads were mapped to the human genome build hg19/GRCh37 with BWA-0.7.10 [27 (link)]. Aligned reads were realigned for known insertions or deletions, and their base-quality scores were recalibrated using GATK-3.2 modules with known variant sites identified from phase I of the 1000 Genomes Project (http://www.1000genomes.org/) and dbSNP-137 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/SNP/). MuTect-1.1.5 was used with default parameters to detect somatic SNVs, and mutations were annotated using Oncotator [28 (link)]. Additionally, the Control-FREEC package [29 (link)] was used to detect copy-number variations (CNVs), and CNVs with a P < 0.05 (Wilcoxon rank-sum test) were obtained. Druggable targeting genetic alterations were annotated from the OncoKB database (http://oncokb.org).
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5

Whole Exome Sequencing and CNV Detection

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Genomic DNA fragments were enriched using the Agilent SureSelect XT Human All Exon V5 kit. After enrichment, DNA libraries were sequenced with the HiSeq 2000 platform according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Illumina, San Diego, CA) with an average on-target sequencing depth of 120 × . More information about sequencing and data analysis, particularly of single nucleotide variations, can be found in a previous study [14 (link)]. The pipeline for clinical NGS-involved CNV detection (PICNIC) was used to detect CNVs from whole-exome sequencing (WES) data. PICNIC filters out high-frequency gene deletions/duplications. The detailed process for CNV analysis was presented in published studies [15 , 16 (link)]. CNVs were further verified by performing comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).
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6

Exome Sequencing of PDOs and Blood

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Sequencing libraries were prepared from > = 500 ng DNA from PDOs and matched blood using the Agilent SureSelectXT Human All Exon v5 kit according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Paired-end sequencing was performed on an Illumina HiSeq2500 with a target depth of 100x.
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7

Whole-exome sequencing of brain and fibroblasts

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Pulverized brain cortex (0.98 g) and fibroblasts were provided by the Lieber Institute for Brain Development, (Baltimore, MD). Fibroblasts were cultured in fibroblast culture media containing MEM (Gibco), 20% FBS (Gibco), and 1× Pen/Strep (Gibco). Confluent fibroblasts were harvested and gDNA was extracted from pulverized brain and fibroblast samples using Qiagen Maxiprep kits according to the protocols provided by the manufacturer. Genomic DNA samples were prepared for whole-exome sequencing using the Agilent SureSelect XT Human All Exon v.5 kit. Then, 125 bp paired-end reads (median insert size ~ 210 bp) were generated using the Illumina HiSeq X 2500 platform. The sequencing experiments were designed to yield three datasets of ~ 100× coverage on each sample, sequencing completed at the New York Genome Center, NY.
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8

Whole-Exome Sequencing of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

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Two EBV-negative classical Hodgkin lymphoma cases were examined by whole-exome sequencing. Whole-exome libraries were prepared from genomic DNAs of FACS-purified Hodgkin/Reed–Sternberg cells (CD3− CD19− CD30+ CD40+), from two classical Hodgkin lymphoma patients, and matched T cells (CD19− CD3+ CD4+ CD8+) as normal controls, using SureSelectXT Human All Exon V5 kit (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA). The prepared whole-exome libraries were sequenced by 100-bp paired-end reads on HiSeq2500 Sequencer (Illumina, San Diego, CA). Sequence alignment and mutation calling were performed using our in-house pipelines described previously [16 (link)]. Briefly, the sequence reads were mapped to the human reference genome GRCh37/hg19 using Burrows–Wheeler Aligner (v0.7.10) [17 (link)]. Possible PCR duplicates were removed using Picard tool (http://broadinstitute.github.io/picard/), and reads with a mapping quality of <30 and with mismatches of more than 5% of sequence reads were also excluded. Somatic variants (single-nucleotide variations, and insertion/deletions) were called with the following parameters, (i) base quality of ≥15, (ii) sequence depth of ≥10, (iii) variant depth of ≥2, (iv) variant frequency in tumor of ≥10%, (v) variant frequency in normal of <2%, and (vi) Fisher P value of <0.05. SNVs and indels were annotated based on RefGene using ANNOVAR [18 (link)].
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9

Whole Exome Sequencing Data Analysis

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Germline WES data were available from previous studies [12 (link),21 (link),31 (link)]. WES was performed in tumor samples of selected patients using the HiSeq2000 platform (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) and SureSelectXT Human All Exon v5 kit (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) for exon enrichment. Indexed libraries were pooled and massively parallel-sequenced using a paired-end 2 × 75 bp read length protocol.
The quality control of sequencing data was made in all samples previous to their analysis using the Real-Time Analysis software sequence pipeline (Illumina). Additionally, the proportion of all shared exome regions sequenced with a coverage ≥ 10× was evaluated for tumor samples. A good ratio of shared regions with high coverage (≥ 70%) was expected in good-quality samples, whereas low-quality ones were characterized by a significant drop in this percentage.
WES data analysis was performed in accordance with the workflow displayed in Figure 2. The Burrows–Wheeler Aligner (BWA-MEM algorithm) was used for read mapping to the human reference genome (build hs37d5, based on NCBI GRCh37) [43 (link)]. PCR duplicates were discarded using the MarkDuplicates tool from Picard, and then indel realignment and base quality score recalibration were performed with the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK, Broad Institute, Cambridge, USA) [44 (link)].
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10

Whole Exome Sequencing for ABCB11 Disorders

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Whole exome sequencing was performed on patients with ABCB11 spectrum liver disorders to analyze multiple candidate genes simultaneously. Targeted exonic regions were captured with the Agilent SureSelect XT Human All Exon v5 kit (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Exome sequencing was performed on an Illumina HiSeq-2000 (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) platform with 100-bp paired-end runs at an average mean target depth of 100× coverage. Rare or novel mutations were prioritized.
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