During voltage-clamp recordings we interleaved sets of red (644 nm average wavelength) and blue (480 nm average wavelength) photostimulation trials, beginning with a set of blue pulses to check for the presence of photocurrents. LED intensities stepped between 0.28 and 11.3 mW mm−2 were randomised and deployed onto the patched cells, each with a pulse duration of 5 ms. If photocurrents fell to below 90% of the values measured in the first set, this was seen as a marker of declining cell health and/or patch quality, and subsequent trials were excluded from the final analysis. LED control signals and photocurrents were recorded in Spike2, and analysed with custom-written python scripts.
M780lp1
The M780LP1 is a laser diode module that emits light at a wavelength of 780 nanometers. It is designed to provide a stable and collimated output beam.
7 protocols using m780lp1
Chronos-Expressing Cell Photostimulation
During voltage-clamp recordings we interleaved sets of red (644 nm average wavelength) and blue (480 nm average wavelength) photostimulation trials, beginning with a set of blue pulses to check for the presence of photocurrents. LED intensities stepped between 0.28 and 11.3 mW mm−2 were randomised and deployed onto the patched cells, each with a pulse duration of 5 ms. If photocurrents fell to below 90% of the values measured in the first set, this was seen as a marker of declining cell health and/or patch quality, and subsequent trials were excluded from the final analysis. LED control signals and photocurrents were recorded in Spike2, and analysed with custom-written python scripts.
Large Volume Scattering Imaging System
Voltage-Clamp and Current-Clamp Recordings of Hippocampal Neurons
patch-clamp amplifier was used for recording electrical activity
of hippocampal neurons that were cultured on biointerfaces. The current-clamp
recordings for transmembrane voltage and voltage-clamp recordings
for transmembrane current measurements were performed in whole-cell
configuration. No wire was connected to the biointerfaces. aCSF was
used as the extracellular medium. The patch-pipette resistance of
5–8 MΩ was used for the recordings. Patch pipettes were
filled with the intracellular medium as described above. For blocking
the voltage-gated sodium channels, 5 mM QX-314 chloride was added
into the intracellular medium. For the statistical analysis of action
potentials, the current clamp data was downsampled without causing
changes in the properties of action potentials to conduct the analysis
with a feasible computational complexity. A digital camera integrated
with the Olympus T2 upright microscope was used for monitoring the
neurons and the movement of the patch pipette. Biointerfaces were
illuminated from the bottom using M780LP1 Thorlabs LED driven by Thorlabs
DC2200 LED driver.
Dual-Channel LVSi Imaging System for Scattering Analysis
Dual-Channel Large Volume Scattering Imaging
Fluorescence Microscopy of Liver Tissue
A lab-made fluorescence imager, including a CCD camera (DV412-BV, Andor) and camera lens (SP 272E, Tamron, 90 mm, F/2.8), was used for fluorescence imaging. A laser diode (HL6738MG, Thorlabs Inc., 690 nm, 30 mW) was used for excitation, and a bandpass filter (FB750-40, Thorlabs Inc. 750 nm, FWHM = 40 ± 8 nm) was used as an emission filter. A near-infrared LED (M780LP1, Thorlabs Inc., 780 nm, 800 mW) was used to switch the DrBphP-PCM/DrSplit proteins to Pr state, and a red LED (M625L3, Thorlabs Inc., 625 nm, 700 mW) was used to switch the proteins to Pfr state.
Photo-electric Characterization of Interfaces
The copyright holder for this this version posted January 28, 2020. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.27.920819 doi: bioRxiv preprint 14 voltage and photo-current densities generated by the interface, also the area of the connecting line exposed to light has been considered.
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