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13 protocols using sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate

1

Adsorptive Removal of Heavy Metals

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The chemicals used in the experiment are all analytical reagent grade and were used without further purification. Metal ions Pb2+ and Cd2+, sodium acetate trihydrate, glacial acetic acid (99.5%), disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate were all purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd (China). Cerium(iii) nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3·6H2O) (99% purity) was purchased from Aladdin. GO was purchased from Xianfeng Nanomaterials Co. Ltd A phosphate buffer solution (10 mM, pH = 7, PBS) was obtained by mixing appropriate amounts of disodium hydrogen and sodium dihydrogen phosphates. Prepare an acetate buffer solution (0.1 M, pH = 5, ABS) by mixing an appropriate amount of 0.1 M sodium acetate and 0.1 M acetic acid. All solutions were prepared with ultrapure water (millipore, 18 MΩ cm−1).
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2

Immobilized Lipase for Ester Synthesis

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Dicyandiamide (DCDA, 99%), p-nitrophenylpalmitate (p-NPP, Aldrich, 99%), and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL, lyophilized powder, Type VII, 700 U per mg solid) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). Absolute ethanol (EtOH), glutaraldehyde solution (25%), disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (Na2HPO4·12H2O), and sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate (NaH2PO4·2H2O) were supplied by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). An Enhanced (BCA) Protein Assay Kit was obtained from Shanghai Labaide Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water was obtained with Milli-Q apparatus (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). All chemicals were of analytical reagent grade and used as received without any further purification.
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3

Aptamer-Based Cardiac Biomarker Detection

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The aptamer was synthesized by Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), which was listed in Table S1. SPCE was purchased from Ningbo Yuangan Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Ningbo, China). Cardiac troponin I (cTnI), cardiac troponin C (cTnC), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), N-terminal forebrain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and human serum albumin (HSA) were purchased from Shanghai Linc-Bio Science Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Healthy human serum was purchased from Shanghai Jiwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Chloroauric acid trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O, ≥99%), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyethyleneimine (PEI), tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP) and 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (Na2HPO4·12H2O, ≥99.0%), sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate (NaH2PO4·2H2O, ≥99.0%), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Phosphate buffer (PB) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were prepared using NaH2PO4 (0.2 M), Na2HPO4 (0.2 M) and different salts according to the standard protocol. All reagents were of analytical grade and used without further purification. Aqueous solutions were prepared by using ultrapure water (>18 MΩ·cm) obtained from the Millipore water purification system.
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4

Penicillin G Acylase Quantification Protocol

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Penicillin G acylase (90%, CAS: 9014-06-6, Zhejiang Wild Wind Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd). Penicillin G potassium salt (98.0%, CAS: 113-98-4, Shanghai Maclin Biochemical Technology Co., LTD), P-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (PDAB) (98.0%, CAS: 100-10-7, Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd). Coomassie Brilliant Blue G250 (AR, CAS: 6104-58-1, Beyotime Biotechnology). Sodium hydroxide (AR, CAS: 1310-73-2), Glacial acetic acid (99.99%, CAS: 64-19-7), Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate (99.0%, CAS: 13472-35-0), 25% glutaraldehyde solution (BR, CAS: 111-30-8), Hydrochloric acid (AR, CAS: 7647-01-0), 6-aminopicillanic acid (6-APA) (98.0%, CAS: 551-16-6), Sodium silicate 9-hydrate (AR, CAS: 13517-24-3), Nickel nitrate hexahydrate (98.0%, CAS: 13478-00-7), Copper nitrate trihydrate (99.0%, CAS: 10031-43-3), Zinc nitrate trihydrate (98.0%, CAS: 10196-18-6), Iron nitrate hexahydrate (98.5%, CAS: 7782-61-8) (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd). Sodium chloride (99.8%, CAS: 7647-14-5), Phosphoric acid (HPLC, CAS: 7664-38-2) (Chengdu Chron Chemicals Co., Ltd). Anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate (99.99%, CAS: 7558-79-4, Shanghai Zhanyun Chemical Co., Ltd). Anhydrous ethanol (AR, 99.7%, CAS: 64-17-5, Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd). Phosphate buffered saline (1M, Servicebio Biological, Wuhan).
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5

Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles

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Chloroauric acid (HAuCl4·4H2O) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH2OH·HCl) were supplied by Nanjing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA), Tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) were purchased from Aladdin Industrial Inc. (Shanghai, China). Trisodium citrate (C6H5Na3O7·2H2O), chloride (NaCl), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Dodecahydrate (Na2HPO4·12H2O), Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate (NaH2PO4·2H2O) and Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were all bought from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) and oligonucleotides in Table S2 were purchased from Sangon Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ·cm) was produced by Millipore water purification system.
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6

Synthesis and Functionalization of AIE Nanomaterials

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All chemicals and reagents were used directly without any further purification. AIEgens, including 1,1,2,3,4,5-Hexaphenyl-1H-silole (HPS), AIE41, AIE33 and AIE NIR800, were purchased from AIEgen Biotech Co., Ltd. Cadmium oxide (CdO, 99.5%), zinc oxide (99.99%), selenium powder (Se, 99.9%), sulfur powder (S, 99.99%), oleic acid (OA, 90%), 1-octadecene (ODE, 90%), tri-octylphosphine (TOP, 97%), SMA polymer granules (PSMA, Mw=224,000, 7 wt.% maleic anhydride content), bovine serum albumin (BSA), N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-Hydroxysulfosuccinimide sodium salt (sulfo-NHS) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate (NaH2PO4·2H2O), disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (NaH2PO4·2H2O), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium biphosphate (KH2PO4), potassium chloride (KCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), thimerosal, toluene, ethanol, hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Tween-20 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Streptavidin-R-phycoerythrin (SAPE) was obtained from ThermoFisher Scientific. Streptavidin was purchased from Promega Corporation. All allergens and biotinylated goat anti-Human IgE secondary antibody were obtained from Beijing MacroLink Group. Ultra-pure water (18.2 MΩ · cm) was prepared in a Millipore Milli-Q Advantage A10 water purification system.
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7

Colorimetric Assay for Food Additives

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Boric acid (H3BO3), aniline, ammonium persulfate (APS), and copper nitrate
trihydrate (Cu(NO3)2·3H2O) were
purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., Ltd. The
aniline monomer purchased from E. Merck was purified by vacuum distillation
before polymerization. SY, tartrazine, amaranth, brilliant blue G,
quinoline yellow, sucrose, saccharin, glucose, vitamin C, oxalate,
and sodium citrate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. Phosphate
buffer solution (PBS) was obtained via mixing different amounts of
equimolar aqueous solutions of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate
(Na2HPO4) and sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate
(NaH2PO4), which were purchased from Sinopharm
Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Fanta drinks were obtained from the local
supermarket. All reagents were of analytical grade and could be used
without further purification. High purity water (18 MΩ cm) was
used to prepare all aqueous solutions throughout our study.
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8

Antioxidant and Enzyme Activity Assays

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The black tea (Lapsang souchong) was purchased from Wuyi Mountain Zhengshan Tea Industry Co., Ltd, China. The 2,2ʹ-Biquinoline-4,4ʹ-dicarboxylic acid (BCA), sodium tartrate dibasic dihydrate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, hydrochloric acid, copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, 4-Aminoantipyrine, potassium ferricyanide trihydrate, sodium 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonate, Triton X-100, Lithium carbonate, Sodium acetate, acetic acid, iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, 2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), iron (II) sulphate heptahydrate and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China. The bovine serum protein (BSA), peroxidase from horseradish, ascorbate oxidase from Cucurbita sp., urease from Candida sp., uric acid, 5,5ʹ- dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris), L-cysteine, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), 1,1,3,3-Tetraethoxypropane (TEP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China.
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9

Comprehensive Analytical Reagent Preparation

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O-Phenylenediamine (OPD), m-phenylenediamine (MPD), deferasirox (DEF), CuCl2·5H2O, AlCl3, KCl, NiCl2, ZnCl2, MnCl2, CoSO4, CaCl2, CdCl2, MgCl2, AgNO3, FeCl3, FeCl2, NaCl, l-cysteine (Cys), l-ascorbic acid (AA), argininic acid (Arg), proline (Pro), and dopamine hydrochloride (DA) were purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Trypsin (Try) and hyaluronic acid (HA) were supplied by Shanghai Macleans Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Fructose (Fru), glucose (Glu), disodium edetate dehydrate (EDTA), 4-aminobutyric acid, acetone (GABA), methanol, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, and disodium phosphate dodecahydrate were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. All reagents were used directly in this work.
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10

Antioxidant Evaluation of Oysters

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The same batch of frozen oysters from South China Sea, with good commodity quality were obtained from Raoping Yujie Food Industry Co., Ltd. (Guanngdong, China), transported to the laboratory through a cold chain, stored at −20 °C, then transferred to 4 °C the night before the experiment for defrosting. RO (the content of carnosic acid was 15.36%, w/w) was obtained from Kalsec Co, Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Fish 4-HNE ELISA Kit was obtained from Beijing Kangpu Tongchuang Co, Ltd. (Beijing, China). 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were obtained from Macklin Regent Co, Ltd. (China). Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) was from Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Inc. (Shanghai, China). Sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA), absolute ethanol (analytical reagent), Tween-80, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (Sinopharm Chemical Regent Co, Ltd., Beijing, China) were used.
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