Al no3 3

All the M_xMg₂Al_4+xSi_5−xO₁₈:0.03Eu²⁺ (M = K, Rb; 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) samples were synthesized by using the sol-gel method. Eu₂O₃ and Rb₂O₃ (99.995%, China Minls (Beijing) Research Institute, Beijing, China) were dissolved in HNO₃ to obtain soluble Eu(NO₃)₃ and RbNO₃ solutions. KNO₃, Mg(NO₃)₂ and Al(NO₃)₃ were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China, and the stoichiometric amounts of them were dissolved in ethanol under stirring. After this, the designed amounts of Si(OC₂H₅)₄ (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China) were added successfully in the above solution. The resultant mixtures continued to be stirred at 80 °C for 30 min, and then heated at 110 °C for 10 h in an oven until homogeneous gels were formed. After being dried, the gels were ground and treated at 900 °C for 10 h in the air, and then fully ground and sintered at 1330 °C for 4 h under a 10%H₂-90%N₂ gas mixture. Finally, they were furnace-cooled to room temperature, and ground again into powder for the following measurement.

Aloe vera (Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.) leaves were provided by Tongxiang Huimei Aloe planting Cooperative (Jiaxing, China). Lactobacillus plantarum powder was obtained from Guozhen Health Science and Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). The Princess Fermented beverage (PFB) was purchased from Rivaland Co., Ltd. (Suzuka City, Mie Prefecture, Japan). Folin-Ciocalteu, NaOH, and Al(NO₃)₃ were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Palmitic acid (PA) was from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Bovine serum albumin (BSA), Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), and fetal bovine serum (FBS) from BBI Solutions (Shanghai, China) were used in cell culture. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was from MedChemExpress (Monmouth, NJ, USA). The 4% paraformaldehyde, Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining Oil (H&E) and Red O kit were purchased from Beyotime (Nantong, China), while the Mayer’s Hematoxylin was from Sbjbio (Nanjing, China). Furthermore, serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) kits were from Shanghai Enzyme-linked Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The E.Z.N.A. ^® soil DNA Kit and the AxyPrep DNA Gel Extraction Kit were from Omega Bio-Tek (Norcross, GA, USA) and Axygen Biosciences (Union City, CA, USA) respectively.