Pfdtes

Monascus red (MR) was supplied by Maya Reagent Co., Ltd. (Jiaxing, China). Sepiolite (Sep) was obtained from Yixian Dazhi Insulation Materials Sepiolite Co., Ltd. (Baoding, China) and was treated using 4% hydrochloric acid to remove the associated carbonates and silica sand. The main chemical compositions of Sep consisted of CaO (7.87%), Al₂O₃ (4.76%), MgO (25.66%), SiO₂ (49.35%), K₂O (0.93%), Na₂O (4.93%), and Fe₂O₃ (1.39%), as determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) was obtained from Tianjin Kemiou Chemical Reagent Development Center (Tianjin, China). Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and TEOS (99.9%) were provided by Chengdu Cologne Chemicals Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). PFDTES (97%) were obtained from Gelest. The substrates were glass slides (24 × 50 mm, Braunschweig, Germany).

PAL was obtained from Mingguang, Anhui, China. Iron oxide red (IOR, α-Fe₂O₃), iron oxide yellow (IOY, FeOOH), IOO iron oxide orange (IOO, mixture of IOR and IOY), iron oxide brown (IOBR, γ-Fe₂O₃) and iron oxide black (IOBL, Fe₃O₄) were supplied by Deqing Huayuan Pigment Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China. TEOS (99.9%) and PFDTES (97%) were bought from Gelest. Glass slides (24 mm × 50 mm) were purchased from Menzel, Braunschweig, Germany. H₂SO₄, anhydrous ethanol, ammonia, diiodomethane, n-dodecane, n-decane, n-hexadecane and toluene were purchased from China National Medicines Co., Ltd. All the reagents are analytical grade.

PAL was purchased from Jiangsu, China. Kaolinite and vermiculite were purchased from Fujian, China. Illite and rectorite were purchased from Hubei, China. Mica was purchased from Hebei, China. Na⁺-MMT was purchased from Shandong, China. Ca²⁺-MMT and Li⁺-MMT was purchased from Henan, China. Halloysite, diatomite, hydrotalcite and sepiolite were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Laponite RD was supplied by Southern Clay Products, Inc. For acid activation, the clays (15 g) were suspended in the 2 M HCl aqueous solutions (150 mL) at room temperature and magnetically stirred for 2 h. The acid activated clays were washed with deionized water until pH 6, and then dried at 105 °C to a constant weight. The clays were sifted using a 200 mesh sieve. Glass slides (24 × 50 mm) were purchased from Menzel, Germany. PFDTES (97%) and TEOS (99.9%) were bought from Gelest. Ethanol, ammonia, CH₂I₂, toluene n-dodecane, n-hexadecane and n-decane were bought from China National Medicines Co. Ltd.