Polymerase chain reaction kit

Total DNA and RNA extraction kits, first-stand cDNA reverse transcription kits, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits, and primers were obtained from TianGen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., (Beijing, China). The 5-HT ELISA test kit was obtained from Multi Science Biotechnology Co., Ltd., (Hangzhou, China).

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining kit was purchased from Kaiji Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Jiangsu, China). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits of rat interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and umor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were obtained from Shanghai Bluegene Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Total protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kits were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Biological Engineering Institute (Nanjing, China). RNA extraction, first-strand cDNA reverse transcription, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits and primers were purchased from TianGen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China).

This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Xuzhou Medical University. SD rats (1-3 days old) were purchased from the Laboratory Animal Center (Xuzhou Medical University). The animals used in this study received humane care and handling. RSV and type I collagenase were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Recombinant human TGF-β1 was purchased from Peprotech (Suzhou, China). Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Life Technologies (Grand Island, NY, USA). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 0.25% trypsin, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), RIPA lysis buffer, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), and the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit were purchased from Beyotime (Guangzhou, China). The EdU (5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine) staining kit was purchased from RiboBio (Guangzhou, China). The hydroxyproline assay kit was purchased from Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kit was purchased from Tiangen (Beijing, China). The mouse monoclonal antibody against Smad7 was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Paso Robles, CA, USA). The rabbit polyclonal antibody against GAPDH was purchased from Proteintech Group, Inc. (Rosemont, IL 60018, USA). Secondary antibodies conjugated to HRP were purchased from Zhongshan Jinqiao Biotechnology (Beijing, China).